“An Example of Dissidence”: A Reflection on Eavan Boland’s Reading of Patrick Kavanagh

This article provides insight into the creative and intellectual nexus between Eavan Boland and Patrick Kavanagh, one of the many Irish poets referred to in Boland’s critical and autobiographical prose. While acknowledging that her intellectual relationship with the older poet, in some respects, is “an example of dissidence,” Boland found that it was her earlier intimacy with him that made her an object-becoming-author. Additionally, in terms of poetry composition, this article sheds light on Boland’s interest in Kavanagh’s use of the sonnet form in “Epic” and discusses her updated version of the historical form. Their encounter, examined in the article, reveals that both poets sought to redefine the “tradition” from within and rearticulate it in their own circumstances. Este artigo fornece uma visão sobre o nexo criativo e intelectual entre Eavan Boland e Patrick Kavanagh, um dos muitos poetas irlandeses referidos na prosa crítica e autobiográfica de Boland. Embora reconhecendo que sua relação intelectual com o poeta mais velho seja, em alguns aspectos, “um exemplo de dissidência”, Boland descobriu que foi sua antiga intimidade com ele que fez dela um objeto-tornando-se-autor. Além disso, em termos de composição poética, este artigo lança luz sobre o interesse de Boland no uso que Kavanagh faz da forma do soneto em “Epic” e discute sua versão atualizada da forma histórica. Esse encontro é examinado no artigo, e revela que ambos os poetas buscaram redefinir a “tradição”, partindo de dentro, e rearticulá-la em suas próprias circunstâncias

Effective data collection scheme for real-spatial group communication over hybrid infra-ad hoc wireless networks

This paper presents an effective data collection scheme to provide group communications among appropriate members selected by each user’s geographic situation and preference (real-spatial information). When each user directly notifies central servers of user’s information via wireless network infrastructure (Wi-infra), message delivery latency and losses drastically increase due to the network congestion. Therefore, we employ representative nodes (RNs) selected in a distributed manner. The RN first collects the real-spatial information from neighboring nodes via an ad hoc network and then notifies the server via Wi-infra. From simulation experiments, our scheme can drastically reduce both message delivery latency and losses

Cylindrocyclophane Biosynthesis Involves Functionalization of an Unactivated Carbon Center

The cylindrocyclophanes are a family of natural products that share a remarkable paracyclophane carbon scaffold. Using genome sequencing and bioinformatic analyses, we have discovered a biosynthetic gene cluster involved in the assembly of cylindrocyclophane F. Through a combination of in vitro enzyme characterization and feeding studies, we have confirmed the connection between this gene cluster and cylindrocyclophane production, elucidated the chemical events involved in initiating and terminating an unusual type I polyketide synthase (PKS) assembly line, and discovered that macrocycle assembly involves functionalization of an unactivated carbon center.Chemistry and Chemical Biolog

Examining the Validity of Efforts of the Muscular Dystrophy Medical Network in Nagano : A Questionnaire Study

Article信州医学雑誌 66(3): 205-212(2018)journal articl

Dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate attenuates lung injury caused by cold preservation and ischemia-reperfusion

AbstractObjective: Dibutyryl adenosine 3`,5`cyclic monophosphate (db-cAMP) is a membrane-permeable analog of adenosine 3`,5`cyclic monophosphate (cAMP). We examined the effect of db-cAMP against lung injury caused by cold preservation and ischemia-reperfusion. Methods: Rats were divided into three groups (each n = 6) according to the presence or absence of db-cAMP in the preservative solution and cold ischemia (4° C for 15 hours). In the fresh group, the lung was flushed with the preservative solution and reperfusion was performed immediately. In the control group and the db-cAMP group, the lung was flushed either with the solution or with a combination of the solution plus db-cAMP, respectively, and preserved at 4° C for 15 hours. The lung was reperfused for 60 minutes in an ex vivo rat lung perfusion model. Results: The shunt ratios of the reperfused lung in the db-cAMP group were 4.0% ± 1.6% and 3.4% ± 1.2% 10 and 60 minutes, respectively, after the initiation of reperfusion, being as low as those in the fresh group and significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.01). The wet/dry weight ratio of the lung tissue after reperfusion was 5.99 ± 1.50 in the db-cAMP group, which was similar to that in the fresh group (5.45 ± 0.23) and significantly lower than that in the control group (14.20 ± 3.43) (p < 0.01). Electron microscopic examination showed less damage in the pulmonary arterial endothelium in the db-cAMP group. Conclusions: We conclude that db-cAMP attenuates the lung injury by cold preservation and ischemia-reperfusion, at least partly by protection of the vascular endothelium. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1997;114:635-42

Сучасні стратегії розвитку науки

Робоча програма з дисципліни «Стратегії розвитку науки» за спеціальністю 6.030302 «Реклама та зв’язки з громадськістю» галузі знань 0303 «Журналістика та інформація», освітньо-кваліфікаційного рівня «бакалавр». – 2016. – 48 с

Initial distribution volume of glucose can be approximated using a conventional glucose analyzer in the intensive care unit

INTRODUCTION: We previously reported that initial distribution volume of glucose (IDVG) reflects central extracellular fluid volume, and that IDVG may represent an indirect measure of cardiac preload that is independent of the plasma glucose values present before glucose injection or infusion of insulin and/or vasoactive drugs. The original IDVG measurement requires an accurate glucose analyzer and repeated arterial blood sampling over a period of 7 min after glucose injection. The purpose of the present study was to compare approximated IDVG, derived from just two blood samples, versus original IDVG, and to test whether approximated IDVG is an acceptable alternative measure of IDVG in the intensive care unit. METHODS: A total of 50 consecutive intensive care unit patients were included, and the first IDVG determination in each patient was analyzed. Glucose (5 g) was injected through the central venous line to calculate IDVG. Original IDVG was calculated using a one-compartment model from serial incremental arterial plasma glucose concentrations above preinjection using a reference glucose analyzer. Approximated IDVG was calculated from glucose concentrations in both plasma and whole blood, using a combined blood gas and glucose analyzer, drawn at two time points: immediately before glucose injection and 3 min after injection. Subsequently, each approximated IDVG was calculated using a formula we proposed previously. RESULTS: The difference (mean ± standard deviation) between approximated IDVG calculated from plasma samples and original IDVG was -0.05 ± 0.54 l, and the difference between approximated IDVG calculated from whole blood samples and original IDVG was -0.04 ± 0.61 l. There was a linear correlation between approximated and original IDVG (r(2 )= 0.92 for plasma samples, and r(2 )= 0.89 for whole blood samples). CONCLUSION: Our findings demonstrate that there was good correlation between each approximated IDVG and original IDVG, although the two measures are not interchangeable. This suggests that approximated IDVG is clinically acceptable as an alternative calculation of IDVG, although approximated and original IDVGs are not equivalent; plasma rather than whole blood measurements are preferable

Large-scale structures in the Earth’s interior: Top-down hemispherical dynamics constrained by geochemical and geophysical approaches

Geochemical and geophysical observations for large-scale structures in the Earth’s interior, particularly horizontal variations of long wavelengths such as degree-1 and degree-2 structures, are reviewed with special attention to the cause of hemispherical mantle structure. Seismic velocity, electrical conductivity, and basalt geochemistry are used for mapping the large-scale structures to discuss thermal and compositional heterogeneities and their relations to dynamics of the Earth’s interior. Seismic velocity structure is the major source of information on the Earth’s interior and provides the best spatial resolution, while electrical conductivity is sensitive to water/hydrogen contents. The composition of young basalts reflects the mantle composition, and the formation age of large-scale structures can be inferred based on the radiogenic isotopes. Thus, these different research disciplines and methods complement each other and can be combined to more concretely constrain the structures and their origins. This paper aims to integrate observations from these different approaches to obtain a better understanding of geodynamics. Together with numerical modeling results of convection in the mantle and the core, “top-down hemispherical dynamics” model of the crust-mantle-core system is examined. The results suggest that a top-down link between the supercontinents, mantle geochemical hemisphere, and inner core seismic velocity hemisphere played an essential role in formation of the large-scale structures and dynamics of the Earth’s interior

Oral pathobiont induces systemic inflammation and metabolic changes associated with alteration of gut microbiota.

Periodontitis has been implicated as a risk factor for metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, atherosclerotic vascular diseases, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Although bacteremias from dental plaque and/or elevated circulating inflammatory cytokines emanating from the inflamed gingiva are suspected mechanisms linking periodontitis and these diseases, direct evidence is lacking. We hypothesize that disturbances of the gut microbiota by swallowed bacteria induce a metabolic endotoxemia leading metabolic disorders. To investigate this hypothesis, changes in the gut microbiota, insulin and glucose intolerance, and levels of tissue inflammation were analysed in mice after oral administration of Porphyromonas gingivalis, a representative periodontopathogens. Pyrosequencing revealed that the population belonging to Bacteroidales was significantly elevated in P. gingivalis-administered mice which coincided with increases in insulin resistance and systemic inflammation. In P. gingivalis-administered mice blood endotoxin levels tended to be higher, whereas gene expression of tight junction proteins in the ileum was significantly decreased. These results provide a new paradigm for the interrelationship between periodontitis and systemic diseases