Constraint on Heavy Element Production in Inhomogeneous Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis from The Light-Element Observations

We investigate the observational constraints on the inhomogeneous big-bang nucleosynthesis that Matsuura et al. suggested the possibility of the heavy element production beyond ${}^7$Li in the early universe. From the observational constraints on light elements of ${}^4$He and D, possible regions are found on the plane of the volume fraction of the high density region against the ratio between high-and low-density regions. In these allowed regions, we have confirmed that the heavy elements beyond Ni can be produced appreciably, where $p$- and/or $r$-process elements are produced well simultaneously.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, 4 Tables., accepted in Journal of Astrophysics. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1007.046

OLIGOMERIC IGA: THE MAJOR COMPONENT OF THE IN VITRO PRIMARY RESPONSE OF MOUSE SPLEEN FRAGMENTS

The primary antibody response elicited from mouse spleen explants by conjugates of the 3-nitro-5-iodo-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (NIP) hapten consisted mostly of the IgA class. Poly-L-lysine, pneumococcal polysaccharide Type SIII, keyhole limpet hemocyanin, and sheep erythrocytes were effective carriers in this system, whereas chicken globulin was not. The anti-NIP response against all of the immunogenic conjugates was detectable in culture media 4 days after explantation and immunization, and reached peak titers by 8–10 days. IgA was identified by sucrose gradient velocity centrifugation in conjunction with the use of a class-specific antiserum. The media collected at 4 days contained low titers of IgM antibody, whereas the peak response at 8 days consisted almost entirely of IgA. The primary response IgA secreted by the spleen fragments was characterized as polymeric by its sedimentation rate through a sucrose gradient, and as polyvalent by its drastically greater avidity for NIP14BSA than for free NIP-aminocaproic acid. Its haptenated phage-inactivating activity was abolished by treatment with 0.1 M 2-mercaptoethanol. These experiments indicate that precursor cells existing in the spleen before primary immunization can give rise to production of polymeric IgA

Quantum Hall effect in bilayer and multilayer graphenes with finite gate voltage

We discuss the quantum Hall effect of bilayer graphene with finite gate voltage where the Fermi energy exceeds the interlayer hopping energy. We calculated magnetic susceptibility, diagonal and off-diagonal conductivities in finite-magnetic-field formalism, and observed crossover of integer quantum Hall effect from two independent monolayer type system to strongly coupled bilayer systems by changing the ratio of interlayer hopping energy and the gate voltage. We also discuss the case of multilayer systems with Bernal stackingComment: 4 pages, 3 figure

STUDIES ON CHARACTERIZATION OF THE LYMPHOID TARGET CELL FOR ACTIVITY OF A THYMUS HUMORAL FACTOR

The immune response to SRBC was measured in the spleens of adult thymectomized, total body irradiated mice injected with various combinations of thymus and bone marrow cells together with thymic humoral factor (THF). It was found that the number of plaque-forming cells was significantly increased when THF was given in vivo immediately after thymus cell administration or when thymus cells were incubated in THF before injection. On the other hand, bone marrow cells equally treated did not manifest any T cell activity, since THF-treated bone marrow cells were not able to substitute thymus cells in the system used. The results accumulated in the present experiments indicate, therefore, that the target cells for THF activity are thymus cells which acquire a higher T helper cell capacity after THF treatment

Designing Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks (HOFs) with Permanent Porosity

Designing organic components that can be used to construct porous materials enables the preparation of tailored functionalized materials. Research into porous materials has seen a resurgence in the past decade as a result of finding of self-standing porous molecular crystals (PMCs). Particularly, a number of crystalline systems with permanent porosity that are formed by self-assembly through hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) have been developed. Such systems are called hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs). Herein we systematically describe H-bonding patterns (supramolecular synthons) and molecular structures (tectons) that have been used to achieve thermal and chemical durability, a large surface area, and functions, such as selective gas sorption and separation, which can provide design principles for constructing HOFs with permanent porosity.This is the accepted version of the following article: Hisaki I., Xin C.,Takahashi K., et al. Designing Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks (HOFs) with Permanent Porosity. Angewandte Chemie - International Edition 58, 11160 (2019), which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201902147. This article may be used for non-commercialpurposes in accordance with the Wiley Self-ArchivingPolicy [https://authorservices.wiley.com/author-resources/Journal-Authors/licensing/self-archiving.html

Konsepsi Penggantian Kerugian Atas Pemberian Izin Mendirikan Bangunan (Imb) yang Tidak Sesuai dengan Rtrw (Kajian terhadap Pasal 37 Undang-undang No.26 Tahun 2007 Tentang Penataan Ruang)

Pasal 37 Ayat (4),(5) dan (8) Undang-undang No.26 Tahun 2007 Tentang Penataan Ruang mengatakan bahwa IMB harus mengikuti konsep perencanaan yang tertera pada Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW) di setiap daerah dan apabila diketahui IMB tersebut melanggar RTRW maka harus dibatalkan dan dimungkinkan adanya pemberian ganti rugi atas pembatalan IMB tersebut. Fenomena yang terjadi saat ini adalah belum jelas dan belum konkretnya aturan yang ada terkait dengan konsepsi ganti rugi sehingga menyulitkan pihak-pihak yang ingin mengajukan upaya hukum melalui sarana hukum yang paling tepat dan efisien. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, penulis menawarkan sarana hukum administrasi karena dianggap yang paling efektif dan jelas dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan IMB yang dilakukan pembatalan, dikarenakan IMB merupakan Keputusan Tata Usaha Negara (KTUN) yang apabila bermasalah sudah terakomodasi di Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara, sesuai dengan kompetensinya dan yang paling penting adalah gugatan yang dilakukan, terhadap subjek kewenangan yaitu pejabatnya bukan pribadi dari pejabat tersebut yang bertanggung jawab terhadap kesalahan-kesalahan yang berkaitan dengan ketidaksesuaiannya IMB dengan RTRW. Maka, penulis mengusulkan konsepsi penggantian atas kerugian yang diderita oleh investor atau masyarakat dengan melalui mekanisme penggantian yang dibebankan pada pemerintah daerah melalui Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD). Sehingga diharapkan dapat mengembalikan hakikat tujuan dan manfaat dari IMB.Kata Kunci : Izin Mendirikan Bangunan (IMB), Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW), Upaya Hukum Administrasi, Ganti Rugi

A Proton Conductive Porous Framework of an 18-Crown-6-Ether Derivative Networked by Rigid Hydrogen Bonding Modules

A rigid hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF) was constructed from a C3-symmetric hexatopic carboxylic acid with a hydrophilic 18-crown-6-ether (18C6) component. Despite the flexible macrocyclic structure with many conformations, the derivative with three 4,4’-dicarboxy-o-terphenyl moieties in the periphery yielded a rigid layered porous framework through directional intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Interestingly, the HOF possesses 1D channels with bottleneck composed of 18C6 rings. The HOF shows proton conductivity (1.12×10−7 S cm−1) through Grotthuss mechanism (Ea=0.27 eV) under 98 %RH. The present unique water channel structure provides an inspiration to create molecular porous materials.This is the accepted version of the following article:Chen X., Huang R.K., Takahashi K., et al. A Proton Conductive Porous Framework of an 18-Crown-6-Ether Derivative Networked by Rigid Hydrogen Bonding Modules. Angewandte Chemie - International Edition 61, e202211686 (2022), which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202211686. This article may be used for non-commercialpurposes in accordance with the Wiley Self-ArchivingPolicy [https://authorservices.wiley.com/author-resources/Journal-Authors/licensing/self-archiving.html