Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma Presenting As Puberty Menorrhagia

Endometrial stromal sarcomas are rare uterine tumours usually seen in perimenopausal females. We report here a case of low grade malignant endometrial stromal sarcoma in an adolescent girl, presenting as puberty menorrhagia. She underwent total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and pelvic node sampling. She also received adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. She is disease free at completion of one year of follow-up

Does financial liberalisation reduce credit constraints: A study of firms in the Indian private corporate sector

The study analyses the determinants of investment of the private corporate manufacturing sector in India in the context of financial liberalization. Though financial liberalization is still on the way, based on the theoretical argument of financial liberalization and its limitations in the context of asymmetric information and market imperfections, such an analysis assumes significance. Because, in imperfect financial markets with asymmetric information, external funds are more expensive than internal funds and firms have to follow a hierarchy in which cheaper funds are preferable to more expensive ones and internal funds are the most preferred ones. We tested the hypothesis that whether financial liberalization had an impact on firms’ investment decisions with respect to cash flow and debt. The study found that small firms are facing financial market imperfections in the form of liquidity constraints since it is seen that credit constraints were not eliminated or relaxed for these firms. Against this, one surprising result is the positive and significant coefficient of debt-to-capital ratio for large firms irrespective of the financial liberalisation effect. From further enquiry we found that the positive and significant impact of debt on investment for large firms has changed once we estimate the model for large firms according other categories based on group and export orientation. It is seen that the positive and significant impact of debt does not hold for large non-group and non-exporting firms. On the other hand, the positive effect of debt remains the same for large group and exporting firms. To conclude, market imperfections exist in the financial markets that prevent an economy wide efficiency in the post liberalisation period.Information Asmmetry; Market Imperfection; Investment; Financing Pattern, Corporate Sector

Determinants of fixed investment : a study of Indian private corporate manufacturing sector

This paper analyses the determinants of fixed investment in the Indian Private Corporate Manufacturing sector for the period 1973-2002, using Annual Survey of Industries Data. It is argued that economic policy of a nation is crucial in determining the investment behaviour in developing countries rather than the traditional factors like output and profit. Against the background of the financial sector deregulation initiated in India since 1991, this study makes an attempt to analyse whether the traditional factors or the economic policy variables plays a major role in determining investment behaviour. A reduced form equation derived from the neoclassical investment theory is used for the empirical analysis. Financial Liberalisation Index is constructed for India for the analysis. The results show that, the traditional determinants like output and profit still plays a major role in determining corporate investment rather than the policy variables. Though aggregate financial liberalisation, and more prominently domestic financial liberalisation produced an environment conducive for investment, it could not succeed in creating a sustained increase in capital formation in the post reform period. In other words, firms consider the demand factor, internal liquidity position and past investment decisions etc as the major indicators for future investment. Only index shows strong positive association with corporate investment is index of money market liberalisation. It is also found that there is significant negative association between index of capital account liberalisation and corporate investment. The negative and significant relationship with index of capital account liberalisation and investment raises many concerns over the credibility of external (international) financial reforms. Keywords: Investment, Manufacturing JEL Classification: E22, O1

Estimation of cavity pressures in air-permeable, multi-layer systems using a lumped-leakage approach

For conventional buildings, the proper estimation of wind-induced pressures on the external façade, the roof surface, or the net pressures across elements like a canopy or parapet, which are exposed to wind on both sides, can be easily done using conventional wind tunnel tests. But in the case of air-permeable multi-layer systems, which have gaps or porosity in the external layer along with a cavity between the external and inner layers, the estimation of wind loading across the external layer or in the inner cavity by wind tunnel tests can be quite difficult due to practical difficulties in exactly simulating the dimensions of the gaps in the physical model with small model scales or other practical issues related to the tubing of the pressure sensors. Pressure equalization plays a major role on the wind loading on individual members of multi-layer systems and in this study, an analytical model to estimate the time- varying cavity pressure distributions in a double-layer system with an air-permeable outer layer was developed, given the external pressure on the outer surface. The pressure drop associated with the flow through the gaps in the external layer was modeled using orifice flow equation and mass conservation equation (Oh. J.H. & Kopp, G.A., 2014). The model accounts the geometric parameters like the cavity depth (H) which is the distance between the outer layer and the inner non-porous layer along with loss coefficient for the orifice flow through the gaps in the external layer. Moreover, the pressure drop due to flow through the gaps (G) in the external layer are accounted based on a lumped-leakage approach. The results from the analytical model are compared with wind-induced loads obtained from the wind tunnel test of roof-mounted photovoltaic solar array system with high G/H ratio obtained from Stenabaugh (2015)

Community participation in mitigating marine waste to reduce climatic change in tourism destinations

Purpose: Waste in the marine environment has become a serious task to be managed. Uncontrolled dumping creates large amounts of methane gas contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. This conceptual paper focuses on the role of community in waste management activities to reduce carbon emissions in the marine environment. Hence, this paper aims to examine using literature, the various roles of community, types of marine waste and its impact on carbon emissions and climate change. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is based on evaluation and criticism from previous studies and provides a hypothetical understanding of the human contribution to climate change, and its impacts which will increasingly affect climate change and sustainable tourism. Findings: The results from this study can be used as a guide for policy makers to help improve community participation and public engagement in efforts to reduce the levels of waste in the marine environment. This is especially critical in rural tourism destinations where the impact of uncontrolled marine waste has serious consequences for the tourism industry. Originality/value: The paper contributes to a better understanding of the role of community in mitigating waste to attain a higher quality of tourism experience and environmental benefits from emission level reductions

Community participation in mitigating marine waste to reduce climatic change in tourism destinations

Purpose: Waste in the marine environment has become a serious task to be managed. Uncontrolled dumping creates large amounts of methane gas contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. This conceptual paper focuses on the role of community in waste management activities to reduce carbon emissions in the marine environment. Hence, this paper aims to examine using literature, the various roles of community, types of marine waste and its impact on carbon emissions and climate change. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is based on evaluation and criticism from previous studies and provides a hypothetical understanding of the human contribution to climate change, and its impacts which will increasingly affect climate change and sustainable tourism. Findings: The results from this study can be used as a guide for policy makers to help improve community participation and public engagement in efforts to reduce the levels of waste in the marine environment. This is especially critical in rural tourism destinations where the impact of uncontrolled marine waste has serious consequences for the tourism industry. Originality/value: The paper contributes to a better understanding of the role of community in mitigating waste to attain a higher quality of tourism experience and environmental benefits from emission level reductions

Preliminary studies on the cephalopods collected from the Deep Scattering Layers of the Indian Exclusive Economic Zone and adjacent seas

Results of the preliminary studies on the cephalopods collected from the operation of Isaacs - Kidd Mid water Trawl net in the Deep Scattering Layers of the Indian Exclusive Economic Zone and adjacent seas during the cruises 1-15 of FORV Sagar Sampada are presented in this paper. Spatial, monthly and seasonal distributions of cephalopod biomass and its abundance in the DSL have been discussed. Differences in the biomass during day and night periods are also given

केंद्रीय समुद्री मात्स्यिकी अनुसंधान संस्थान का विषींजम अनुसंधान केंद्र

केंद्रीय समुद्री मात्स्यिकी अनुसंधान संस्थान का विषींजम अनुसंधान केंद्

Shark resources of India, with notes on biology of a few species

The annual production of elasmobranchs in India during 1982-83 to 1984-85 period was around 59,000 t, of which sharks accounted for 37500 t (64%). Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Kerala together take the bulk of the catch. Of the 65 species reported from Indian waters, over 20 species (families Carcharhinidae and Sphymidae) contribute to the fishery. Feeding and breeding habits, intra-uterine embryos and growth characteristics of a few species are described here

The cephalopod fishery at Cochin, Kerala

The Cochin Fisheries Harbour is a major fish landing centre in Kerala. Cephalopod landings at this centre contribute about 11-23% of Kerala's annual cephalopod catch. They are landed as bycatch by shrimp trawlers which operate off Cochin upto 60 m depth. On an average, about 200 trawlers of 8-13m length range operate every day from Cochin base