The Role of Leadership Theories in Information Technology Acceptance: Case Study at Al-Hikma Pharmaceutical Company

The leadership literature is voluminous and much of it is confusing and contradictory. In order to make our way through this ‘forest’, I will consider a number of theories to explaining what makes an effective leader in order to connect leadership and the acceptance of information technology. The key to achieving sustainable change success is to have excellence in leadership at all organization levels. So as a change leader you can make a great difference to the success of your team by your leadership. I suggest that a change leader could make a real difference to the effectiveness of his team by adopting john Adair model which is very useful model in project management context and any change happened in organization we could consider it as a project. This research aims at exploring how both individual and organizational factors that influence Information Technology acceptance by top managers, employees Staff at al-Hikma headquarter

Intraarticular Tramadol-Bupivacaine Combination Prolongs the Duration of Postoperative Analgesia After Outpatient Arthroscopic Knee Surgery

BACKGROUND: Intraarticular (IA) local anesthetics are often used for the management and prevention of pain after arthroscopic knee surgery. Recently, IA tramadol was also used for the management of these patients. However, the IA combination of local anesthetic and tramadol has not been evaluated in arthroscopic outpatients. Our primary aim in this study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of an IA combination of bupivacaine and tramadol when compared with each drug alone using visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores in patients undergoing day-care arthroscopic knee surgery. Additionally, we assessed analgesic demand. METHODS: Ninety ASA I/II patients undergoing arthroscopic partial meniscectomy, performed by a single surgeon under general anesthesia, were assigned in a randomized, double-blind manner into three groups: group B (n = 30) received 0.25% bupivacaine, group T (n = 30) received 100 mg tramadol, and group BT (n = 30) received 0.25% bupivacaine and 100 mg tramadol to a total volume of 20 mL by the IA route after surgery. Postoperative pain scores were measured on a VAS, at rest and on mobilization at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 h. Duration of analgesia, the subsequent 24 h consumption of rescue analgesia, time to ambulation, and time to discharge were evaluated. In addition, the systemic side effects of the IA injected drugs were also assessed. RESULTS: The results showed significantly lower VAS pain scores in group BT (P << 0.1) when compared with groups T and B. Group BT had a later onset of postsurgical pain and longer time to first rescue analgesic than groups B and T. The 24 h consumption of analgesic was significantly less in group BT when compared with the other two groups (26.7% of the patients required rescue analgesia in group BT, whereas this number was 90% in group B and 86.7% in group T). In addition, time in hours to discharge and time to unassisted ambulation were significantly shorter in group BT when compared with groups T and B, and this was not associated with any detectable systemic effects. CONCLUSION: The IA admixture of tramadol 100 mg with bupivacaine 0.25% provides a pronounced prolongation of analgesia compared with either drug alone in patients undergoing day care arthroscopic knee surgery

Psychometric Characteristics of the Mathematical Fluency and Calculation Tests "MFaCTs" for Primary Stage Students in Jordan

The aim of this study was to extract psychometric properties of the mathematical fluency and calculation tests for students of the primary stage (level) in the Jordanian environment. To achieve this goal, the test instructions were translated, and the mathematical writing was modified to suit the target sample. The test consists of two basic tests, including the calculation of the calculation (50) item, and the test of mathematical fluency (100) items. The study sample consisted of 3160 students - ordinary students - from grades 2 to 5, who were selected according to the random sampling method of Jordanian schools. The results of the study showed that all the values of the consistency coefficients / item statistics for the MFACTs for all grades in the standardization sample, and for the overall test score were greater than or equal to 0.699. On the other hand, mathematical fluency test was greater than or equal to 0.890. The values of the reliability coefficients ranged within the internal consistency / item statistics using the Cronbach Alpha formula to test the calculation between 0.699 for the second grade, and 0.876 for the fifth grade. Similarly, the reliability coefficients ranged from 0.890 for the second grade and 0.901 for the fifth grade. The coefficient of repeatability (Test- Retest) of the test for the total sample was 0.87 in the calculation test and 0.90 in the mathematical fluency test. The results further implied that there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the performance of the test according to the gender. As for the performance of the test, the average performance of the study sample steadily increased in the different grades. The correlation between the MFACTs and the mathematics student average in the previous year was

How to reduce your cancer risk: mechanisms and myths

Cancer prevention continues to be a high research priority and the most optimal way to ultimately lower the economic and psychological burden of cancer. Many known risk factors associated with cancer are related to dietary and lifestyle factors and can be avoided. These risk factors include among others, smoking, obesity, alcohol, physical inactivity, and carcinogens in diet. This article reviews the biological mechanisms leading to cancer in association with these factors, highlights important achievable cancer prevention methods, addresses commonly asked questions about lifestyle and cancer, and dispels some of the myths about cancer prevention

Acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage with trisomy 4 as the sole cytogenetic abnormality: A case report and literature review

AbstractWe describe a patient with acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage who had trisomy 4 as the sole cytogenetic abnormality. Clinical, pathological, immunophenotypic and molecular features are presented and compared with the previous 4 published cases. Over expression of c-kit, which is localized to chromosome 4, was documented on the leukemic blasts. Prognosis seems to be poor. Treatment with acute lymphoblastic leukemia like regimens seems to be superior compared to acute myeloid leukemia like regimens and allogeneic stem cell transplant is recommended after achieving remission

Psychometric Characteristics of the Mathematical Fluency and Calculation Tests "MFaCTs" for Primary Stage Students in Jordan

The aim of this study was to extract psychometric properties of the mathematical fluency and calculation tests for students of the primary stage (level) in the Jordanian environment. To achieve this goal, the test instructions were translated, and the mathematical writing was modified to suit the target sample. The test consists of two basic tests, including the calculation of the calculation (50) item, and the test of mathematical fluency (100) items. The study sample consisted of 3160 students - ordinary students - from grades 2 to 5, who were selected according to the random sampling method of Jordanian schools. The results of the study showed that all the values of the consistency coefficients / item statistics for the MFACTs for all grades in the standardization sample, and for the overall test score were greater than or equal to 0.699. On the other hand, mathematical fluency test was greater than or equal to 0.890. The values of the reliability coefficients ranged within the internal consistency / item statistics using the Cronbach Alpha formula to test the calculation between 0.699 for the second grade, and 0.876 for the fifth grade. Similarly, the reliability coefficients ranged from 0.890 for the second grade and 0.901 for the fifth grade. The coefficient of repeatability (Test- Retest) of the test for the total sample was 0.87 in the calculation test and 0.90 in the mathematical fluency test. The results further implied that there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the performance of the test according to the gender. As for the performance of the test, the average performance of the study sample steadily increased in the different grades. The correlation between the MFACTs and the mathematics student average in the previous year was 0.905 for the test and 0.486 for the mathematical fluency test

Strategic planning of supply chains in global emergency logistics

This study discusses the basis of effort considered in defining and analysing the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) essential for ensuring that disaster aid logistics are both effective and appropriate. The study classifies, first, the elements which are most significant to Emergency Aid Organisations and Humanitarian Relief in providing an effective response in disaster situations, next, the variables which affect the efficiency of each. From field and desk research, the extent to which CSFs are understood and recognised within relief activities is evaluated. Furthermore, it merges the concept of Just In Time (JIT) and the campaign system in emergency supply chain, so that when the disaster happens the affected country can request help from the nearest regional warehouse, which will supply the relief material and the required stuff to support and assist the victims in the disaster area. The regional warehouse places an order to the continent warehouse to replenish the material that is distributed to the disaster area. This study develops a forecasting tool based on identifying probability distributions. The estimates of the parameters are used to calculate natural disaster forecasts. Further, the determination of aggregate forecasts leads to efficient pre-disaster planning. Based on the research findings, the relief agencies can optimize the various resources allocation in emergency logistics planning. Subsequently, a simulation model has been developed to integrate the forecasting tool with the proposed distribution network and the inventory stock. The simulation model has two stages; the first one is finding the demand, type of disaster and the location based on the forecasting models, followed by comparing the demand result with the actual number to validate the stage. Next stage of the model connects the demands with proposed distribution network and the inventory stock to find the waiting time to deliver the relief material. The proposed model does not exceed two days of waiting time. This study investigates how natural disasters disturb supply chain processes in the Asia-Pacific context and how universal supply chains develop the risks of natural disasters. The study first discusses the emergence and development of global supply chains in the Asia-Pacific region and then examines how these new developments globalize disaster risks and bring extra vulnerability to businesses, particularly to their production networks. Following this, the study describes the impact of natural disasters on the global supply chains, on the basis of two natural disasters that occurred in 2011 in the region: the Great East Japan earthquake and the South-East Asian floods (focusing on the flood of Thailand). Finally, two policy options are proposed to enhance disaster resilience for business in the context of globalization

Projection of Greenhouse Gas Emissions for the Road Transport Sector Based on Multivariate Regression and the Double Exponential Smoothing Model

The economic and health impacts resulting from the greenhouse effect is a major concern in many countries. The transportation sector is one of the major contributors to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions worldwide. Almost 15 percent of the global GHG and over 20 percent of energy-related CO"sub"2"/sub" emissions are produced by the transportation sector. Quantifying GHG emissions from the road transport sector assists in assessing the existing vehicles’ energy consumptions and in proposing technological interventions for enhancing vehicle efficiency and reducing energy-supply greenhouse gas intensity. This paper aims to develop a model for the projection of GHG emissions from the road transport sector. We consider the Vehicle-Kilometre by Mode (VKM) to Number of Transportation Vehicles (NTV) ratio for the six different modes of transportation. These modes include motorcycles, passenger cars, tractors, single-unit trucks, buses and light trucks data from the North American Transportation Statistics (NATS) online database over a period of 22 years. We use multivariate regression and double exponential approaches to model the projection of GHG emissions. The results indicate that the VKM to NTV ratio for the different transportation modes has a significant effect on GHG emissions, with the coefficient of determination adjusted R"sup"2"/sup" and R"sup"2"/sup" values of 89.46% and 91.8%, respectively. This shows that VKM and NTV are the main factors influencing GHG emission growth. The developed model is used to examine various scenarios for introducing plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and battery electric vehicles in the future. If there will be a switch to battery electric vehicles, a 62.2 % reduction in CO"sub"2"/sub" emissions would occur. The results of this paper will be useful in developing appropriate planning, policies, and strategies to reduce GHG emissions from the road transport sector. Document type: Articl

Long-Term Survivors of Breast Cancer: A Growing Population

Breast cancer represents the most common malignancy among women. However, due to effective public health campaigns and updated screening guidelines, the annual incidence of late stage diagnoses has fallen. This stage migration has allowed for better prognosis and more women achieving long-term survival. In this chapter, we review long-term survivorship – defined as 10 years from diagnosis – as reported in the United States and around the world. Additionally, we provide analysis for socio-demographic, clinical and pathologic factors associated with 10-year survival, using data from a large national registry. This chapter also utilizes historical case data to forecast stage migration patterns in breast cancer diagnoses, within the United States, to 2030. Finally, we discuss the effects of the novel coronavirus pandemic on breast cancer treatment and access to care, with a review of clinical considerations for the future