Egy előzetes archeomalakológiai vizsgálat eredményei a kora neolit Alsónyék-Bátaszék lelőhelyről

Remnants of several cultures have been found since the mid-2000s on a large-scale archaeological rescue excavation at the borders of Alsónyék - Bátaszék, SW Hungary. Partial processing of the malacological material of Starcevo culture from the so-called Bátaszék-Mémökségi Telep has been carried out in recent years at the Department of Geology and Paleontology, University of Szeged. Following the taxonomic identification, heights and widths of the shells were determined, then the size distribution and the geochemical analysis were implemented. Geochemical results show that specimens were collected in a different hydrodynamic environment compared to the current conditions of the river Danube. Based on the samples, two periods can be separated, one with flood and high water velocity and one with a more stable conditions after the flood events. Similar results can be found at different non-Danubian archaeological sites with the same ages

Assessment Matrix Based Evaluation of Ecosystem Services in Relation to Land Use Change Scenarios

The ecosystem services are natural assets and services, which are used by humans directly or indirectly over their respective lifetimes (MEA, 2005). Several authors and organizations describe these goods of nature in different ways. Some authors use ecological concepts as the basis for categorization (Norberg, 1999), others concentrate on different human needs (Wallace, 2007), however the most common categories are based on some functional distinction (MEA, 2005; de Groot, 2006; Hein et al., 2006). Authors representing this latter group usually mention the following classification: provisioning, regulating, supporting and cultural services. The provisioning services like water, wood or timber are used directly by people. The regulating services are climate regulation, water purification and other similar processes. The cultural services are for example education, recreation potential and spiritual inspiration. The supporting services ensure the clear functioning of the three groups, for example soil formation and photosynthesis (MEA, 2005). The methodology of valuing ecosystem services is an effective decision support tool, because this highlights the natural, social and economic values of the goods and services of the living system for decision-making and planning. Despite the availability of a wide range of valuation methods (Chen et al., 2009; Kiss et al., 2012), there are still unresolved issues (de Groot et al., 2010). Its important elements are revealing the spatial characterization and the dynamics of the landscape and ecosystem services, for which there are effective methods among the dynamically developing GIS analysis tools. This usually does not create a comprehensive inventory of all the ecosystem services, but analysis several selected services in detail, primarily in context with the potentials and land use changes (Willemen et al., 2008). One of the most promising methods of ecosystem services valuation is the assessment matrix, a great advantage of the method is that it can be aggregated at the landscape-level (Burkhard et al., 2009). The major account of the processing and analysis of the historical maps is that allows of understanding of the past human land use, the long-term landscape changes and the dynamics of the landscape. The knowledge of the past also contributes to the exploration of the main driving forces and use them to anticipate the future changes (Swetnam et al., 2011). Modeling of future land use change is proved to be a very efficient method among many types of landscape change analysis (Pontius et al., 2001; Goldstein et al., 2004; Kline et al., 2007), and a frequent tool in climate change analysis (IPCC, 2007), land use planning (Xiang & Clarke, 2003), conservation planning (Osvaldo et al., 2000) and recently it has been increasingly used in the assessment of the ecosystem services (MEA, 2005). The evaluation of the ecosystem services and the modeling of the future land use changes have an increasing role in regional politics. The consistency between these two topics would be a very important step forward (Estoque et al., 2012). In this study we describe an assessment framework of ecosystem services analysis in a pilot area of Southwest-Hungary called Nagyberek, used to be the largest swampy bay of Lake Balaton. The method using GIS analysis of historic maps and recent land cover dataset explores the main land use types. It concentrates also on those driving forces which are directly influenced by the land use of the area. We plan three future land use scenarios based on the main driving forces, with the help of the CLUE-S (Verburg et al., 2002), the integrated land use modeling tool. We select and assess a certain part of the ecosystem services according to the Burkhard’s study (2009), their trends, with the help of the assessment matrix

Fényemittáló és nagyspinű polimerek előállítása és vizsgálata = Synthesis and characterization of light emitting and high-spin polymers

Glükozilezett naftalén-fenilén típusú kopolimert állítottunk elő Suzuki-polikondenzációval. A kopolimer kék fényt emittált és önszerveződő tulajdonságokat mutatott mind oldat, mind szilárd fázisban. Kék fényt emittáló egyforma méretű nanogömbök képződését figyeltük meg. Potenciálisan nagyspinű, trifenilamin tartalmú poli(para-fenilén) kopolimer szintézisét valósítottuk meg. Vizsgáltuk a polikondenzációs reakció körülményeinek hatását a képződő polimerek szerkezetére és molekulatömegére. Tanulmányoztuk a kopolimer optikai tulajdonságait. Kék fény emisszióját tapasztaltuk. Az emissziós maximum az oldószer polaritásának hatására eltolható volt. Mono- és bifenantrolin-funkcionalizált polietilén glikolt és poliizobutilént készítettünk és vizsgáltuk vas(II)-ionnal szembeni viselkedésüket. A vas(II)-fenantrolin komplexeket tömegspektrometriás módszerrel karakterizáltuk. Vastartalmú, jól definiált ionomer jellegű hálózatokat állítottunk elő. A hálózatok jó modellként szolgálhatnak a magnetit nanopor felületi módosításához. Az apoláros szerkezetű konjugált polimerek tömegspektrometriás vizsgálatához klorid-ion kapcsolásos módszerrel kiegészített atmoszférikus nyomású fotoionizációs (APPI) módszert fejlesztettünk ki. A továbbfejlesztett módszer segítségével lehetőség nyílt különböző végcsoportú poliizobutilének végcsoportjainak, valamint bifunkciós polimer esetén a karok számának meghatározására, fragmentáció nélküli, lágyionizációs technikával. | A glycosylated polynaphthalene-phenylene type copolymer was prepared by Suzuki copolymerization. The copolymer showed blue-light emission and self-assembly in both solution and in solid phase. The formation of blue-light emitting, uniform size nanospheres could be observed. Synthesis of a potential high-spin poly(para-phenylene) copolymer containing triphenylamine was attained. The effect of the polycondensation parameters on the structure and molecular weight of the polymers formed was studied. Optical properties of the copolymer have been investigated. It showed blue-light emission. Emission maximum could be shifted by using solvent with different polarity. Mono- and biphenantroline-functionalized poly(ethylene-glycol) and poly(isobutylene) have been prepared and their behaviour was investigated in the presence of iron(II)-ions. Iron-(II)-phenantroline complexes were characterized by mass spectrometry. Well-defined, iron containing ionomer-type networks have been prepared. Networks can be act as good models for surface modification of magnetite nanopowder. Chloride-ion attachment technique by atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) was developed to investigate highly nonpolar polymers. The improved method gave the possibility to investigate the end groups of polyisobutylenes with different end groups and to determinate the number of the arms in case of bifunctional polymers, without fragmentation, using soft-ionization method

Korszerű adatelemzési technikák és modell alapú algoritmusok a kísérlettervezésben és kiértékelésben = Advanced data mining techniques and model based algorithms in product and process development

A kutatás során egy termék- és technológiafejlesztési keretrendszer került kidolgozásra a tágabb értelemben vett kísérlettervezési és adatelemzési technikák célirányos fejlesztése alapján. A kidolgozott technikák közös jellemzője a technológia fejlesztés lépései során keletkező információk hatékony kezelése. A technológia üzemeltetése során keletkező adatokból a potenciálisan hasznos információk feltárására adatbányászati technikákat alkalmaztunk, melyeket a vegyészmérnöki, és természettudományos ismeretek hatékony kezelése érdekében a legkorszerűbb folyamat szimulációs eszközökkel integráltunk. Az eredményeket egy a Springer leányvállalatánál (Birkhauser) megjelent monográfiában, egy magyar nyelvű (tan)könyvben, és tíznél több nemzetközi referált folyóiratban publikáltuk. A kidolgozott keretrendszer ipari alkalmazása folyamatban van. | A new framework for product and process development has been worked out based on the research of novel data mining and experiment design algorithms. The common feature of the proposed tools and methodologies is the effective management of the information through the whole life-cycle of process development. In the proposed framework data mining techniques have been applied to extract potentially useful information from historical process data. The related process-relevant a priori information is incorporated by advanced simulation techniqes. The resullts has been published in a reserch monogaph by Biskhauser and in more than ten peer-reviewed journals. The industrial application of the proposed framework has been also studied

Special multicolor illumination and numerical tilt correction in volumetric digital holographic microscopy

We introduce a color imaging method in our digital holographic microscope system (DHM). This DHM can create color images of freely floating, or moving objects inside a large volume by simultaneously capturing three holograms using three different illumination wavelengths. In this DHM a new light source assembly is applied, where we use single mode fibers according to the corresponding wavelengths that are tightly and randomly arranged into a small array in a single FC/PC connector. This design has significant advantages over the earlier approaches, where all the used illuminations are coupled in the same fiber. It avoids the coupling losses and provides a cost effective, compact solution for multicolor coherent illumination. We explain how to determine and correct the different fiber end positions caused tilt aberration during the hologram reconstruction process. To demonstrate the performance of the device, color hologram reconstructions are presented that can achieve at least 1 μm lateral resolution