Using a developed PM in order to optimize the production productivity in a cement industry

Cement factories are highly energy and cost intensive industries. Producing the cement requires a lot of energy to transform the raw material into final product. One major area to improve the production productivity is preventive maintenance (PM). It helps to protect assets, increase the useful life ofequipment, improve system reliability, decrease cost of replacement and finally improve system energy consumption. In this paper, the theory of microeconomics firm was used to find a model of optimal production productivity in cement industry. To show the effect of preventive maintenance system in the model, energy consumption of equipment is considered as a function of failure rate of equipment and then added to the set of constraints.Using this model energy consumption is reduced up to 15% and total annual cost is reduced up to 12.7%

Heat and Work Along Individual Trajectories of a Quantum Bit

We use a near quantum limited detector to experimentally track individual quantum state trajectories of a driven qubit formed by the hybridization of a waveguide cavity and a transmon circuit. For each measured quantum coherent trajectory, we separately identify energy changes of the qubit as heat and work, and verify the first law of thermodynamics for an open quantum system. We further establish the consistency of these results by comparison with the master equation approach and the two-projective-measurement scheme, both for open and closed dynamics, with the help of a quantum feedback loop that compensates for the exchanged heat and effectively isolates the qubit

Quantum state tomography across the exceptional point in a single dissipative qubit

Open physical systems can be described by effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonians that characterize the gain or loss of energy or particle numbers from the system. Experimental realization of optical1,2,3,4,5,6,7 and mechanical8,9,10,11,12,13 non-Hermitian systems has been reported, demonstrating functionalities such as lasing14,15,16, topological features7,17,18,19, optimal energy transfer20,21 and enhanced sensing22,23. Such realizations have been limited to classical (wave) systems in which only the amplitude information, not the phase, is measured. Thus, the effects of a systems’s proximity to an exceptional point—a degeneracy of such non-Hermitian Hamiltonians where the eigenvalues and corresponding eigenmodes coalesce24,25,26,27,28,29—on its quantum evolution remain unexplored. Here, we use post-selection on a three-level superconducting transmon circuit to carry out quantum state tomography of a single dissipative qubit in the vicinity of its exceptional point. We observe the spacetime reflection symmetry-breaking transition30,31 at zero detuning, decoherence enhancement at finite detuning and a quantum signature of the exceptional point in the qubit relaxation state. Our experiments show phenomena associated with non-Hermitian physics such as non-orthogonality of eigenstates in a fully quantum regime, which could provide a route to the exploration and harnessing of exceptional point degeneracies for quantum information processing