CARDIOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF LEAVES OF KIGELIA AFRICANA ON ISOPRENALINE INDUCED MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

Kigelia Africana is an herbal medicinal plant and it is used to cure different disorders. The present study was involved in cardioprotective activity of leaves of Kigelia Africana on ISO induced myocardial injury. Male wistar rats are divided into five groups of six animals each. All the grouped rats were pre-treated with the extract and standard (propranolol 10 mg/kg) either s.c. or orally for eight days. Then, they were given 5.25 and 8.5 mg/kg isopreterenol s.c. on two consecutive days. Early treatment with extract of Kigelia Africana 100mg/kg, 200 mg/kg showed significant decrease in level of serum marker enzymes aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), changes in the oxidative stress markers like lipid peroxidase (LPO), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) caused by ISO (5.25 and 8.5 mg/kg). The defence action of leaves of Kigelia Africana concluded by observing histopathology and are more consistent at 200mg/kg. Hence, we conclude that pre-treatment with extract of leaves of Kigelia Africana more barrier aganist the ISO induced myocardial injury

Antiangiogenic and anticancer activity of saponins of Momordica cymbalaria

Background: The aim of the current study was to evaluate invitro anticancer activity of saponins of MC on EAC cells by using cytotoxicity (MTT) assay. To evaluate in vivo antiangiogenic potential of saponins of MC on rat air sac angiogenesis, EAC induced peritoneal angiogenesis, CAM angiogenesis.Methods: MTT assay was carried out at different concentrations of saponins of MC in 12 microliter plates containing media with EAC cells. In rat air sac angiogenesis, carrageenin was injected (s.c.) into the air sac. Dexamethasone, indomethacin, saponins of MC was administered to identify the angiogenic activity. In EAC induced angiogenesis in peritoneum, EAC cells were administered through i.p in mice peritoneum. 5-fluoro uracil, (i.p) and saponins of MC (orally) was given to identify angiogenic activity. In CAM angiogenesis, erythropoietin was given to eggs on 8th day of incubation. saponins were given on the 12th day for two days to observe the antiangiogenic activity.Results: The observed cytotoxic effects of saponins of MC on EAC cells find statistically significant. There is significant reduction in vascular branching in rat air sac model; EAC induced peritoneal angiogenesis, CAM model by the saponins of MC.Conclusions: Due to lack of certain records, it is envisaged that the change of medicine both discontinuation as well as addition was done because of blood glucose control, cost factor [in case of pioglitazone] as well as patient’s compliance

Cleidocranial dysplasia presenting with retained deciduous teeth in a 15-year-old girl: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Cleidocranial dysplasia is a rare congenital defect of autosomal dominant inheritance caused by mutations in the <it>Cbfa1 </it>gene, also called <it>Runx2</it>, located on the short arm of chromosome 6. It primarily affects bones which undergo intramembranous ossification. This condition is of clinical significance to dentistry due to the involvement of the facial bones, altered eruption patterns and multiple supernumerary teeth.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>Our patient, a 15-year-old Indian girl, presented with the typical features of prolonged retention of deciduous dentition and delayed eruption of permanent teeth, that is, mandibular prognathism along with other skeletal abnormalities like shrugged shoulder and the absence of clavicles. A multidisciplinary approach was followed, comprising orthodontic, surgical and pedodontic teams for management.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Successful treatment of such a case lies in a holistic approach that takes care of all aspects, including the primary pathology, the deformity itself and even the psychological angle.</p

Efficacy of Yoga on Pregnancy Outcome

ABSTRACT Objective: To study the efficacy of yoga on pregnancy outcomes. Design and setting: Three hundred thirty five (335) women attending the antenatal clinic at Gunasheela Surgical and Maternity Hospital in Bangalore, India, were enrolled between 18 and 20 weeks of pregnancy in a prospective, matched, observational study; 169 women in the yoga group and 166 women in the control group. Methods: Women were matched for age, parity, body weight, and Doppler velocimetry scores of umbilical and uterine arteries. Yoga practices, including physical postures, breathing, and meditation were practiced by the yoga group one hour daily, from the date of entry into the study until delivery. The control group walked 30 minutes twice a day (standard obstetric advice) during the study period. Compliance in both groups was ensured by frequent telephone calls and strict maintenance of an activity diary. Main outcomes: Birth weight and gestational age at delivery were primary outcomes. Results: The number of babies with birth weight Ն2500 grams was significantly higher (p Ͻ 0.01) in the yoga group. Preterm labor was significantly lower (p Ͻ 0.0006) in the yoga group. Complications such as isolated intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) (p Ͻ 0.003) and pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) with associated IUGR (p Ͻ 0.025) were also significantly lower in the yoga group. There were no significant adverse effects noted in the yoga group. Conclusions: An integrated approach to yoga during pregnancy is safe. It improves birth weight, decreases preterm labor, and decreases IUGR either in isolation or associated with PIH, with no increased complications. 23

Oleic acid variation and marker-assisted detection of Pervenets mutation in high- and low-oleic sunflower cross

High-oleic sunflower oil is in high demand on the market due to its heart-healthy properties and richness in monounsaturated fatty acids that makes it more stable in processing than standard sunflower oil. Consequently, one of sunflower breeder's tasks is to develop stable high-oleic sunflower genotypes that will produce high quality oil. We analyzed variability and inheritance of oleic acid content (OAC) in sunflower, developed at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, by analyzing F-1 and F-2 progeny obtained by crossing a standard linoleic and high-oleic inbred line. F-2 individuals were classified in two groups: low-oleic with OAC of 15.24-31.28% and high-oleic with OAC of 62.49-93.82%. Monogenic dominant inheritance was observed. Additionally, several molecular markers were tested for the use in marker-assisted selection in order to shorten the period of detecting high-oleic genotypes. Marker F4-R1 was proven to be the most efficient in detection of genotypes with Pervenets (high-oleic acid) mutation

Interdental Spacing and Dental Caries in the Primary Dentition of 4-6 Year Old Children

Objective: There are various risk factors which play an essential role in the multifactorial disease “dental caries.” Although absence of interdental spaces in the primary dentition may increase the risk of dental caries, not many studies have been carried out to assess this correlation. This study was performed to assess the relationship between interdental spacing and dental caries in primary dentition.Materials and Methods: Five hundred 4-6 year-old children were enrolled into this study. Dental caries was recorded using the criteria given by Warren et al. Following this, impressions were made for the upper and lower arches and dental casts were poured. Interdental spaces were measured on the dental casts using a digital verniercaliper. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis.Results: The number of sites with interdental spaces was higher in the maxillary arch in comparison to the mandibular arch. The highest number of interdental spaces was observed between the maxillary anteriors. The number of demineralized, but non-cavitated tooth surfaces (d1)were higher than the number of cavitated tooth surfaces. This difference was significant in the mandibular anterior segment. Dental caries showed a negative correlation with interdental spacing. A significant correlation was found between dental caries and interdental spacing in the posterior segment of the mandibular arch.Conclusion: This study showed that children with no interdental spacing in the primary dentition are at higher risk for dental caries.Key Words: Dental Caries; Interdental Spaces; Interproximal Carie

Expression of P53 protein in premalignancies and squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity

Introduction: Expression of p53 gene is one of the common findings in premalignancies and malignancies of the oral cavity. The aim of the study was to know whether P53 protein is overexpressed in histological sections of oral submucous fibrosis, oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma. The aim of the present study was to determine the overexpression of P53 protein in histological sections of oral submucous fibrosis, oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and methods: Eighty-five histopathologically diagnosed. formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue samples were divided into study group and control group. The study group was further subdivided into three groups: Group 1 consisted of 25 samples of oral submucous fibrosis: group 2 consisted of 25 samples of oral leukoplakia and group 3 consisted of 25 samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma. The control group consisted of 10 normal oral mucous membrane tissue samples. The samples were subjected to immunohistochemisty using indirect immunoenzyme Labelled StreptAvidin Biotin (LSAB) method. The results were analyzed statistically by Chi-square (X 2 ) test of significance Results: 8125 samples of group 1.5;25 samples of group 2. 8125 samples of group 3 and none of the samples of the control group were positive for P53 protein. P53 staining was seen mostly in the basal layer of the samples of group I while in the samples of groups 2 and 3 the staining was more diffuse. Conclusion: Among P53 may be considered a tumor marker as a definite number of samples were positive for P5

Evaluation of Immunomodulatory activity of the flavanoid from Kigelia africana

Modulation of the immune responses to alleviate the diseases has been of interest for many years. Thus a real need exists to protect our immune systems and lead healthier lives. Hence the present study is aimed to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of Flavanoid of Kigelia africana. The effect of flavanoid of Kigelia africana on the immune system of rats and mice was evaluated by using different experimental models such asmice lethality test, Serum immunoglobulin level, Haemagglutination reaction, hypersensitivity reaction, and delayed type hypersensitivity reaction test. Flavanoid of Kigelia africana was administered orally at low dose and high dose of 100mg/kg/day, poand 200 mg/kg/day, po respectively and Levamisole (2.5 mg/kg/day, po) was used as standard drug. Flavanoid of Kigelia africanain both doses increased the levels of serum immunoglobulin and prevented the mortality induced by bovine Pasteurella multocida in mice. Exhibits a dose related increase in the early hypersensitivity reaction and Delayed type hypersensitivity reaction to the SRBC antigen. It also resulted in a significant increase in the antibody titer value, to SRBC, in experimental animals. Hence, it was concluded that flavanoid of Kigelia africana increases both humoral immunity and cell mediated immunity

Gap arthroplasty with custom-made acrylic mouth opener

Ankylosis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involves the fusion of mandibular condyle to the base of the skull. When it occurs in a child, it can have devastating effects on the future growth, development of jaws and teeth, and also has a negative influence on the psychosocial development of the patient because of the obvious facial deformity, which worsens with growth. Impairment of speech and mastication, poor oral hygiene, caries, and compromise airway pose a severe psychological burden on the tender minds of children. Hereby, we present a case of 10-year-old female who reported with inability to open mouth, diagnosed with right bony TMJ ankylosis. The surgical approach consisted of gap arthroplasty followed by vigorous physiotherapy by custom-made acrylic mouth opener. The treatment of TMJ ankylosis poses a significant challenge because of technical difficulties and a high incidence of recurrence. It includes a team of oral and maxillofacial surgeons, pediatric dentist, and anesthetist