One-dimensional plasmons in ultrathin metallic silicide wires of finite width

The acoustic dispersion of plasmons (PLs) in narrow (4 nm) and ultrathin (one unit cell) metallic DySi2 wires, grown by self-assembly on vicinal Si(100)-[011] 4° turns out to be unidirectional. We observed the lowest intersubband PL as well as the acoustic PL. These PLs are specific for narrow metallic strips of finite width. Our experimental and theoretical analysis suggests that only one of two electron pockets in the surface Brillouin zone makes a substantial contribution to the PLs because the other pocket has a much smaller conductive character due to a strong admixture of electronic states with d character. © 2010 The American Physical Society

Effect of Ni addition on CPP-GMR response in electrodeposited Co-Ni/Cu multilayered nanocylinders with an ultra-large aspect ratio

Effect of Co–Ni alloy composition on the current perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistance (CPP-GMR) response of electrochemically synthesized Co–Ni/Cu multilayered nanocylinders was studied using anodized aluminum oxide membranes (AAOM) with nanochannel diameterD∼67 nm and length L∼70 μm. Co–Ni/Cu multilayered nanocylinders, which have an aspect ratio L/Dof ∼1,045, were fabricated in theAAOMnanochannel templates by utilizing a pulse-current electrochemical growth process in an electrolytic bath with Co2+,Ni2+ and Cu2+ ions. Co–Ni/Cu alternating structure with Co84Ni16 alloy layer-thickness of 9.6 nmand Cu layer-thickness of 3.8 nm was clearly observed in a nanocylinder with a diameter of 63 nm. The alternating structure was composed from crystalline layers with preferential orientations in hcp-CoNi (002) and fcc-Cu (111). The Co–Ni/Cu multilayered nanocylinders were easily magnetized in the long axis direction because of the extremely large aspect ratio L/D. InCo84Ni16/Cu multilayered nanocylinders, the coercivity and squareness were∼0.46 kOe and∼0.5, respectively. The CPP-GMR value was achieved up to 22.5% (at room temperature) in Co84Ni16/Cu multilayered nanocylinders

STUDY OF THE MECHANISM OF EXPLOSIVE FORCE PRODUCTION ON QUICK LIFT MOTION BY ANALYSIS OF EMG AND MOTION

The aim of this study is to investigate how explosive force exerts during power clean (PC) motion. The subjects are ten skilleds and ten unskilleds. The joint trajectory and EMG during PC are recorded. The joint torque and its rate of torque development (RTD) are calculated from the obtained data. The joint stiffness is estimated from joint stiffness index (JSI) calculated from EMG of agonist and antagonist muscle pair. Experimental results indicated that the skilleds showed the double knee bent that is typically seen in a stretch-shortening cycle (SSC). Skilleds exerted large values of RTD and JSI just after a period of exerting their small values during SSC. It indicates that a much amount of elastic energy stored in a low stiffness state is instantly transferred to the upper segments in the successive high stiffness state by “tenodesis action” of muscles. This is why large RTD generates in the skilled

Irinotecan Hydrochloride (CPT-11) in Dialysis Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer

We investigated changes in drug disposition and toxicities with CPT-11 in 15 dialysis patients with gastrointestinal cancers to clarify whether CPT-11 could be administered safely in such patients. For comparison, the same parameters were also investigated in 10 cancer patients not undergoing dialysis. Items investigated included (1) plasma concentrations of SN-38, SN-38G and CPT-11 at 0, 1, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72h after administration, together with a comparison of mean AUC values for 3 dose levels of CPT-11 (50, 60 and 70mg/m2) in dialysis patients and controls;and (2) occurrence of adverse events. Several findings emerged from this study:(1) No significant difference was observed in the AUC for SN-38 or CPT-11 between the dialysis and control groups;(2) The AUC for SN-38G at each dose was significantly higher in dialysis patients;and (3) Grade 1-4 leucopenia was observed in 11 of the dialysis patients. One patient developed grade 4 leucopenia and died due to sepsis. Anorexia, diarrhea, nausea, alopecia and interstitial pneumonia occurred in 6 dialysis patients. We found changes in drug dispositions of CPT-11, SN-38 and SN-38G in dialysis patients, suggesting that hepatic excretion, especially that of SN-38G, was increased. No significant difference in occurrence of adverse events was observed between the 2 groups. This indicates that CPT-11 can be administered safely in patients on dialysis.</p

D139N mutation of PsbP enhances the oxygen-evolving activity of photosystem II through stabilized binding of a chloride ion

植物の光合成初期過程の酸素発生活性を向上させるアミノ酸変異を発見 --光合成・人工光合成の光エネルギー変換効率の向上へ期待--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-18.Photosystem II (PSII) is a multi-subunit membrane protein complex that catalyzes light-driven oxidation of water to molecular oxygen. The chloride ion (Cl−) has long been known as an essential cofactor for oxygen evolution by PSII, and two Cl− ions (Cl-1 and Cl-2) have been found to specifically bind near the Mn4CaO5 cluster within the oxygen-evolving center (OEC). However, despite intensive studies on these Cl− ions, little is known about the function of Cl-2, the Cl− ion that is associated with the backbone nitrogens of D1-Asn338, D1-Phe339, and CP43-Glu354. In green plant PSII, the membrane extrinsic subunits—PsbP and PsbQ—are responsible for Cl− retention within the OEC. The Loop 4 region of PsbP, consisting of highly conserved residues Thr135–Gly142, is inserted close to Cl-2, but its importance has not been examined to date. Here, we investigated the importance of PsbP-Loop 4 using spinach PSII membranes reconstituted with spinach PsbP proteins harboring mutations in this region. Mutations in PsbP-Loop 4 had remarkable effects on the rate of oxygen evolution by PSII. Moreover, we found that a specific mutation, PsbP-D139N, significantly enhanced the oxygen-evolving activity in the absence of PsbQ, but not significantly in its presence. The D139N mutation increased the Cl− retention ability of PsbP and induced a unique structural change in the OEC, as indicated by light-induced Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) difference spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. Our findings provide insight into the functional significance of Cl-2 in the water-oxidizing reaction of PSII