82 research outputs found
Control of root-knot nematode in grapes
In a nematode infested vineyard, application of Aldicarb 2 g a.i. per vine, DBCP 1,2 ml/m2 and Carbofuran 0.6 g a.i. per vine after pruning brought down tne rootknot nematode. A significant increase in number of bunches and yield of fruits was obtained in Aldicarb treatment followed by DBCP, Carbofuran and Tagetes interplanting.Die Bekämpfung von Wurzelgallennematoden bei RebenIn einem mit Meloidogyne incognita verseuchten Wenberg wurde durch Anwendung von Aldicarb (2 g a.W./Rebe), DBCP (1,2 ml/m2) und Carbofuran (0,6 g a.W./Rebe) nach dem Rebschnitt die Befallsdichte der Wurzelgallennematoden stark verringert. Durch Behandlung mit Aldicarb, DBCP und Carbofuran sowie Zwischenpflanzung von Tagetes wurde, mit abnehmender Wirkung in der Reihenfolge der Aufzählung, eine signifikante Steigerung der Traubenzahl und des Traubenertrages erzielt
The Ultimate Fate of Supercooled Liquids
In recent years it has become widely accepted that a dynamical length scale
{\xi}_{\alpha} plays an important role in supercooled liquids near the glass
transition. We examine the implications of the interplay between the growing
{\xi}_{\alpha} and the size of the crystal nucleus, {\xi}_M, which shrinks on
cooling. We argue that at low temperatures where {\xi}_{\alpha} > {\xi}_M a new
crystallization mechanism emerges enabling rapid development of a large scale
web of sparsely connected crystallinity. Though we predict this web percolates
the system at too low a temperature to be easily seen in the laboratory, there
are noticeable residual effects near the glass transition that can account for
several previously observed unexplained phenomena of deeply supercooled liquids
including Fischer clusters, and anomalous crystal growth near T_g
Actively crosslinked microtubule networks: mechanics, dynamics and filament sliding
Cytoskeletal networks are foundational examples of active matter and central
to self-organized structures in the cell. In vivo, these networks are active
and heavily crosslinked. Relating their large-scale dynamics to properties of
their constituents remains an unsolved problem. Here we study an in vitro
system made from microtubules and XCTK2 kinesin motors, which forms an aligned
and active gel. Using photobleaching we demonstrate that the gel's aligned
microtubules, driven by motors, continually slide past each other at a speed
independent of the local polarity. This phenomenon is also observed, and
remains unexplained, in spindles. We derive a general framework for coarse
graining microtubule gels crosslinked by molecular motors from microscopic
considerations. Using the microtubule-microtubule coupling, and force-velocity
relationship for kinesin, this theory naturally explains the experimental
results: motors generate an active strain-rate in regions of changing polarity,
which allows microtubules of opposite polarities to slide past each other
without stressing the material
What's wrong with the murals at the Mogao Grottoes : a near-infrared hyperspectral imaging method
Although a significant amount of work has been performed to preserve the ancient murals in the Mogao Grottoes by Dunhuang Cultural Research, non-contact methods need to be developed to effectively evaluate the degree of flaking of the murals. In this study, we propose to evaluate the flaking by automatically analyzing hyperspectral images that were scanned at the site. Murals with various degrees of flaking were scanned in the 126th cave using a near-infrared (NIR) hyperspectral camera with a spectral range of approximately 900 to 1700 nm. The regions of interest (ROIs) of the murals were manually labeled and grouped into four levels: normal, slight, moderate, and severe. The average spectral data from each ROI and its group label were used to train our classification model. To predict the degree of flaking, we adopted four algorithms: deep belief networks (DBNs), partial least squares regression (PLSR), principal component analysis with a support vector machine (PCA + SVM) and principal component analysis with an artificial neural network (PCA + ANN). The experimental results show the effectiveness of our method. In particular, better results are obtained using DBNs when the training data contain a significant amount of striping noise
Prevalence and correlates of physical disability and functional limitation among community dwelling older people in rural Malaysia, a middle income country
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The prevalence and correlates of physical disability and functional limitation among older people have been studied in many developed countries but not in a middle income country such as Malaysia. The present study investigated the epidemiology of physical disability and functional limitation among older people in Malaysia and compares findings to other countries.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A population-based cross sectional study was conducted in Alor Gajah, Malacca. Seven hundred and sixty five older people aged 60 years and above underwent tests of functional limitation (Tinetti Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment Tool). Data were also collected for self reported activities of daily living (ADL) using the Barthel Index (ten items). To compare prevalence with other studies, ADL disability was also defined using six basic ADL's (eating, bathing, dressing, transferring, toileting and walking) and five basic ADL's (eating, bathing, dressing, transferring and toileting).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Ten, six and five basic ADL disability was reported by 24.7% (95% CI 21.6-27.9), 14.4% (95% CI 11.9-17.2) and 10.6% (95% CI 8.5-13.1), respectively. Functional limitation was found in 19.5% (95% CI 16.8-22.5) of participants. Variables independently associated with 10 item ADL disability physical disability, were advanced age (≥ 75 years: prevalence ratio (PR) 7.9; 95% CI 4.8-12.9), presence of diabetes (PR 1.8; 95% CI 1.4-2.3), stroke (PR 1.5; 95% CI 1.1-2.2), depressive symptomology (PR 1.3; 95% CI 1.1-1.8) and visual impairment (blind: PR 2.0; 95% CI 1.1-3.6). Advancing age (≥ 75 years: PR 3.0; 95% CI 1.7-5.2) being female (PR 2.7; 95% CI 1.2-6.1), presence of arthritis (PR 1.6; 95% CI 1.2-2.1) and depressive symptomology (PR 2.0; 95% CI 1.5-2.7) were significantly associated with functional limitation.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The prevalence of physical disability and functional limitation among older Malaysians appears to be much higher than in developed countries but is comparable to developing countries. Associations with socio-demographic and other health related variables were consistent with other studies.</p
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