New Family of Neutrosophic Soft Sets

The goal of this paper is to study and discuss the neutrosophic soft set theory by introducing, new family of neutrosophic soft sets and because the concept of topological spaces is one of the most powerful concepts in system analysis, we introduced the concept of neutrosophic soft topological spaces depending on this the new family. Furthermore, we introduced new definitions, properties, concerning the neutrosophic soft closuer, the neutrosophic soft interior, the neutrosophic soft exterior and the neutrosophic soft boundary in details

On *Soft Turing Point with Separation Axioms

في هذا البحث استخدمنا مفهوم نقطة التحول الطرية (∗) وربطها مع بديهيات الفصل في الفضاء التبولوجي الطري وبحث العلاقة بينهما ودراسة اهم الخصائص  والنتائج لها.  " In this paper, we use the concept of the soft turing point and join it with separation axioms in soft topological space and investigate the relationship between them and  study the most important properties and  results of it. &nbsp

Production planning in the pulp and paper industry

This paper examines the short term production planning problem encountered in the fine-paper industry. In this industry, different types of pulp are transformed by parallel papermachines into large rolls of paper sheets. The paper sheets are then cut and packaged based oncustomer needs. The paper machines usually represent the bottleneck stage in the productionprocess. At this bottleneck stage, a predetermined production sequence has to be maintained.The paper proposes a tight mixed-integer programming formulation to model this productionprocess. It is showed that real size problem instances can be solved with commercial integerprogramming solvers. Furthermore, we show that by adding some simple valid inequalities tothe proposed formulation, major improvements to the solution time can be achieve

The Concept of (Gem-Set) in Topology, A Review

عند دراسة اي موضوع  بشكل عام نبدأ بالمكونات الأساسية  التي على أساسها تم بناء هذا الموضوع , فعند دراسة الفضاءات التوبولوجية نلاحظ أنّها ُبنيت على أساس مفاهيم توبولوجية : كالمجموعات المفتوحة والنقاط الداخلية والمجموعات المغلقة وانغلاق المجموعة ونقاط الغاية وغيرها من المفاهيم الأساسية , وأنّ شكل الفضاء وخواصه يعتمد على تلك المفاهيم, لذا اصبح من الضروري  توصيف هذه المفاهيم بمفاهيم جديدةً تعطي تعريفات ونتائج وخواص وطرق جديدة تردف تلك المفاهيم التي تعد أساساً للفضاءات التوبولوجية , ومن أبرز تلك التوصيفات هي المجموعة الجوهرية Gem-Set)). في هذا المقال وضحنا مفهوم المجموعة الجوهرية ومناقشتها وكذلك قدمنا جرداً تاريخياً مفصلا حول أهم الدراسات السابقة التي تضمنت مفهوم المجموعة الجوهرية Gem-Set)), فضلاً عن دور ومساهمات الباحثين في تطوير هذا المفهومThe (Gem-Sets) were known since 2013 and because of their wide using in characterization of new topological concepts as: separation axioms, compactness, continuity and other important concepts, we introduced this article to give the most important previous studies about this subject as a historical study

Mucus-penetrating solid lipid nanoparticles for the treatment of cystic fibrosis : proof of concept, challenges and pitfalls

Nanocarrier-mediated transmucosal drug delivery based on conventional mucoadhesive, muco-inert or mucus penetrating nanoparticles (NPs) is a growing field especially in challenging diseases like cystic fibrosis (CF). Efficacy of such systems dictates profound investigation of particle-mucus interaction and factors governing the whole process. Although variable techniques studying particle diffusion in mucus have been introduced, standardized procedures are lacking. The study comprised different methods based on micro- and macro-displacement as well as colloidal stability and turbidimetric experiments. Artificial sputum medium (ASM), CF sputum and mucus-secreting cell line (Calu-3 air interface culture, AIC) were applied. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) coated with variable hydrophilic sheath (poloxamer, Tween 80 or PVA) represented the nanocarriers under investigation. Both micro-displacement studies based on single particle tracking and macro-displacement experiments based on 3D-time laps confocal imaging revealed faster diffusion of poloxamer- > Tween- > PVAcoated SLNs. Compared to ASM, CF sputum showed not only lower diffusion rates but also remarkable discrepancies in particle-mucus diffusion rate due to sputum heterogenicity. Meanwhile, in case of Calu-3 AIC, thickness of the mucosal layer as well as density of mucus network were key determinants in the diffusion process. The points emphasized in this study highlight the road towards in vivo relevant particle-mucus interaction research

Cationically-modified nanoparticles for the pulmonary delivery of the telomerase inhibitor 2\u27;-O-Methyl RNA for the treatment of lung cancer

Lung cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related death worldwide. One of the reasons behind the extensive tumour growth is telomerase enzyme, which is notably expressed in cancer cells. Recent strategies for cancer therapy include, therefore, telomerase inhibition with antisense RNA. A major challenge is the weak cellular uptake of these nucleotide-based drugs which necessitates the choice of appropriate carrier systems. The aim of this study was hence to evaluate chitosan-modified PLGA nanoparticles (cNP) as carrier for the antisense oligonucleotide 2\u27-O-Methyl-RNA (OMR) and their efficacy as inhalation therapy. Modification of the process parameters revealed the tuneability of the NP synthesis in terms of size and surface charge. Studying the cellular uptake of fluorescent cNPs with increasing amounts of chitosan showed better uptake in A549 than in Calu-3 cells. Chitosan significantly improved the uptake and binding with OMR; however, higher chitosan content reduced the uptake efficiency. Uptake studies under in vivo mimicking conditions using air-interface cultures showed superior cellular uptake of OMR/cNP nanoplexes compared to free OMR. As a proof of the concept, the ability of OMR to reduce telomerase activity was demonstrated. In conclusion, the concept of telomerase inhibition based on nanoscale delivery of antisense oligonucleotides represents a step forward to a new generation of cancer therapeutics.Lungenkrebs ist einer der Hauptgründe für krebsbasierten Todesfälle weltweit. Mit einer der Ursachen für das ungehemmte Wachstum von Krebszellen ist das Enzym Telomerase, das in vermehrtem Maße in Krebszellen auftritt. Eine interessante Behandlungsstrategie besteht daher in der Hemmung dieses Enzyms. Eine Hemmung der Telomerase ist mit antisens-RNA möglich. Um solche Arzneistoffe in die Zelle zu transportieren sind jedoch geeignete Trägersysteme notwendig. Das Hauptziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war die Untersuchung von Chitosan-modifizierten PLGA Nanopartikeln (cNP) als Trägersystem für das Antisense-Oligonukleotid 2\u27-O-Methyl-RNA (OMR) sowie ihres möglichen Einsatzes für einer Inhalationstherapie. Die Änderung der Prozessparameter erlaubt eine maßgeschneiderte Synthese der cNP hinsichtlich Größe und Ladung. Die Untersuchung der NP in Zellkultur-Modellen ergab eine bessere Aufnahme in A549 als in Calu-3 Zellen. Die zelluläre Aufnahme unter Verwendung von realitätsnahen "Air-interface"-Kulturen zeigte zudem auch eine überlegene Aufnahme von partikelbasierten Systemen im Vergleich zu freien Oligonukleotiden. Außerdem konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Telomerase -Aktivität in diesen Zellen tatsächlich gehemmt war. In der vorliegenden Arbeit konnte das Konzept der Telomerase-Hemmung zur Krebsbehandlung, basierend auf Komplexen von Antisense-Oligonukleotiden mit nanoskaligen Trägersystemen, erfolgreich in vitro demonstriert werden

Exclusive Breastfeeding, Prevalence and Maternal Concerns: Saudi and Egyptian Mothers

Breast milk is rich in nutrients and anti-bodies and contains the right quantities of sugar, water, fat and protein that promotes not only growth and development of infants but also important for theirsurvive. Exclusive breastfeeding is enough to the needs of infants less than six months without any addition. Several studies mentioned that the mothers who breastfeed were less risks for certain poor health outcomes. Aim is identifying, prevalence and maternal concerns of exclusive breastfeeding in KAS and ARE. Tools: an interview questionnaire sheet that assessed socio-demographic data of infants and their mothers, maternal satisfaction and concerns and infants' feeding types. Results, 65% from Egyptian mothers feed their infants exclusively while in Saudi mothers was 14%. Regarding maternal concerns, 86% from Saudi mothers unsatisfied with EBF while in the Egyptian mothers was 35% and the main concerns in Saudi mothers returned to, EBF not enough to satisfying the baby , not applicable outdoor, need effort and not suitable for working mothers . Keywords: Exclusive breastfeeding, maternal concerns, formula feeding and partial breastfeeding

New Separation Axioms Using the idea of "Gem-Set" in Topological Space

In this paper, we create a new set of topological space namely "Gem-Set" and immersed it with a new separation axioms in topological space and  investigate the relationship between them Keywords: "Gem-Set", separation axioms

The Effect of Health Education Program for Caregivers on Circumcision Outcome in Neonates and Infants

Circumcision is a surgical excision of the foreskin to the level of the coronal sulcus which may perform in the neonatal period or in later life. Circumcision has many medical benefits such as minimizing urinary tract infection, reduces the incidence of balanitis and enhances of penile hygiene, prevents of penile cancer. However, Circumcision may cause complications such as bleeding, infection, meatitis and adhesions. Some of these complications can be minimized through imparting adequate health education by nursing staff to the caregivers who may influence circumcision outcome. This study aims to identify the effect of health education program for caregivers on circumcision outcome in neonates and infants. Materials and Method: A randomized controlled trial design was used for one month’s period. Two tools were used, an interview questionnaire sheet was used to assess all caregivers ' knowledge about circumcision before & after implementing the program and a post-assessment sheet about circumcision care, circumcision outcome. Result: There was an increased in the total knowledge after health education program compared to total knowledge before implementing the program among study group (3.4 to 0.8) and p < 001. Furthermore, There was significant statistical relation between the study group and the total knowledge score and cosmetic satisfaction score of Co = 0.2. Conclusion: demonstration with written instructions offered to caregivers help in early detection of complication which lead to positive outcome. Recommendation: Health education is a must and should be given by a qualified nurse supported by a simple clear hand out. Keywords: Circumcision, neonate, infants, Parents education