Implementation of Social Choice Functions via Demanding Equilibria

We consider agents who do not have any information about others' preferences. In this situation they attempt to behave such as to maximize their chances to obtain their most preferred alternative. This defines a solution concept for games symmetrical to Barbera and Dutta's protective equilibrium, the demanding equilibrium. Necessary and sufficient conditions for self implementation in demanding equilibria (side) of social choice functions are provided.Implementation; Social Choice Function; Demanding Equilibrium; Voting

An Examination of the Maternal Health Quality of Care Landscape in India

India has made significant strides in maternal health over the past several decades, reducingits maternal mortality ratio (MMR) from 556 to 174 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births from1990 to 2015 (World Bank 2016a). Policies and initiatives to increase access to maternal healthservices largely account for this progress. However, the rate of improvement has slowed, and thecountry continues to contribute almost one-quarter of maternal deaths globally (Nair 2011). Inaddition, India is home to a high but difficult to measure rate of so-called near-miss maternaldeaths that often lead to maternal morbidity. Although the incidence of maternal morbidity inIndia is largely unknown due to the country's lack of diagnoses and under-reporting, it isestimated that millions of Indian women experience pregnancy-related morbidity; the GlobalBurden of Disease estimates that India contributes one-fifth of the disability-adjusted life yearslost globally due to maternal health conditions (World Health Organization 2008). These patternssuggest there is still progress to be made in maternal health in India.The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation seeks to continue its more than 20-year history supporting population and reproductive health in India and accelerate the country'sadvancement in maternal health. It has chosen to fund a three-and-a-half-year grantmakingstrategy to improve maternal health quality of care, which has emerged as a key means to furtherreduce MMR and related outcomes. This review is intended to describe current issues andinterventions in the delivery of maternal health care and provide a backdrop for the Foundation'sgrantmaking effort

Experts Playing the Traveler's Dilemma

We analyze a one-shot experiment on the traveler's dilemma in which members of the Game Theory Society, were asked to submit both a (possibly mixed) strategy and their belief concerning the average strategy of their opponents. Very few entrants expect and play the unique Nash equilibrium, while we observe a fifth playing the cooperative solution of the game, i.e. a strictly dominated strategy. The experimental data suggest to analyze the game as one of incomplete information. Most strategies observed are in the support of its Bayesian Nash equilibria. A notable exception is the Nash equilibrium strategy of the original game.Traveler's Dilemma; Experiment; Experts; Incomplete Information

Regulating Complacency: Human Limitations and Legal Efficacy

This Article examines how insights into limited human rationality can improve financial regulation. The Article identifies four categories of limitations—herd behavior, cognitive biases, overreliance on heuristics, and a proclivity to panic—that undermine the perfect-market regulatory assumptions that parties have full information and will act in their rational self-interest. The Article then analyzes how insights into these limitations can be used to correct resulting market failures. Requiring more robust disclosure and due diligence, for example, can help to reduce reliance on misleading information cascades that motivate herd behavior. Debiasing through law, such as requiring more specific, poignant, and concrete disclosure of risks and their consequences, can help to correct cognitive biases. Requiring firms to engage in more self-aware operational risk management and reporting can reduce the likelihood that parties will over-rely on heuristics. And legislating backstop market liquidity and other stabilizing controls can help to minimize panics. Regulation, however, can only partly overcome these limitations. Effective financial regulation should therefore be designed not only to address these limitations but also to try to mitigate the harm of inevitable financial failures

Iron Deficiency Chlorosis: Management for Hot Spots and Whole Fields

Iron Deficiency Chlorosis impacts soybean yields primarily in the Western Corn Belt. Iron Deficiency Chlorosis (more commonly iron chlorosis) is a complex plant disorder that is driven primarily by a nutrient deficiency (iron), usually manifested where soil pH is greater than 7.5. Although Midwestern soils are abundant in iron, higher pH soils cause iron to be in a form that is less available to plants, i.e. it cannot be absorbed. Iron chlorosis, however, does not occur in all high pH soils. A multitude of other soil factors interact to impact iron chlorosis in soybean. Soil chemical properties such as soluble salts and calcium carbonate levels have a great impact on its severity. Excess soil water, low soil temperature, compaction, herbicides, and soil borne diseases are also important to the development of this disorder

Migrates to Canada

1a ed.Sèrie compilada per la Geographical Section, General Staff (G.S.G.S.) i dibuixada per l'Ordnance Survey feta servir al llarg de la Segona Guerra Mundial. GSGS, també conegut com l'MI 4, era un òrgan operatiu sota la Direcció d'Operacions Militars i Intel·ligència. - Projecció Lambert conical ortomòrfica. L'edició original és de 1941, tot i que hi ha alguns fulls de la 2a ed.1:250 00032 x 48 cm. o més petits