A Fuzzy Approach to Reduce Delays at Signalized Road Intersections

In this paper a fuzzy approach is proposed to reduce delay at isolated intersections by using as indicator the intersection saturation degree. The proposed system co mbines fixed-duration cycle and fuzzy calculus to reduce the overall delay without giving too much penalty to some traffic streams. To obtain the intended goal, the green times are modified according to the measured traffic flow values and by using a fuzzy procedure. Measured traffic flo ws are considered as fuzzy quantities because of their uncertainty and/or imprecision. A test examp le is analysed to show the benefits of the fuzzy controlled intersection with respect to a crispy controlled one. The results show that the use of the fu zzy procedure reduces the total and average delay at the intersection by modifying the phase duration according to sampled traffic flows

Airport Ground Access Reliability and Resilience of Transit Networks: a Case Study

Abstract Airport ground access is one of the key determinants influencing air travellers' airport choice. The continuous growth of air travel demand and the consequent induced road congestion have encouraged the development of efficient transit systems approaching the airport, thus promoting a modal shift from individual cars to greener transport alternatives. In addition, transit systems must be resilient and reliable to air travellers, since the cost of missing a flight is high. In this paper, resilience aspects of transit systems accessing airport areas are discussed and some indexes have been set up to estimate the transit network resilience. Three different transit systems to get to a large regional Italian airport (Automated People Mover, Airport Shuttle Bus, Bus Line) are modelled and the system resilience has been estimated for each scenario by using the proposed indexes

UN APPROCCIO GPS AND GIS PER LA RICOSTRUZIONE DELLE TRAIETTORIE VEICOLARI IN AMBITO URBANO

Intelligent vehicles – both automated and autonomous – have gained more and more importance due to the opportunity they offer to reduce congestion and particularly increase safety. As an example, accidents may occur when vehicle trajectories change and potentially cross, like in the case of overtaking manoeuvres. In this paper, the use of GPS and GIS methods are proposed to study and analyse vehicle trajectories. The aim is to retrace vehicle trajectories that can be useful to implement on-board devices guaranteeing both automatic driving and/or driving assistance. Some tests have been realized by using floating cars and the results are very promising.  DOI: http://dx.medra.org/10.19254/LaborEst.13.0

A Geometric Fuzzy-Based Approach for Airport Clustering

Airport classification is a common need in the air transport field due to several purposes—such as resource allocation, identification of crucial nodes, and real-time identification of substitute nodes—which also depend on the involved actors’ expectations. In this paper a fuzzy-based procedure has been proposed to cluster airports by using a fuzzy geometric point of view according to the concept of unit-hypercube. By representing each airport as a point in the given reference metric space, the geometric distance among airports—which corresponds to a measure of similarity—has in fact an intrinsic fuzzy nature due to the airport specific characteristics. The proposed procedure has been applied to a test case concerning the Italian airport network and the obtained results are in line with expectations

Impacts of unplanned aircraft diversions on airport ground operations

When an unplanned disruption causes the temporary closure of an airport, incoming flights are re-routed to one (or more) nearby ones. As a consequence, traffic in the alternate airport increases and the efficiency, punctuality and regularity of operations may be compromised. The purpose of this work is to determine the impacts on the alternate airport airside operations due to the presence of diverted flights. If the number of aircraft to be serviced increases, ground handling operators are subjected to an additional workload, probably resulting in delayed departures and knock-on delays. A discrete-event simulation model of both aircraft landing-and-takeoff (LTO) cycles and turnaround operations is built by using AnyLogic. The model is applied to the case study of Lisbon "Humberto Delgado" airport. When the number of incoming flights increases upon a certain threshold, departure delays spread over the day, which should call for emergency actions and contingency plans

Airport Passenger Arrival Process: Estimation of Earliness Arrival Functions

Abstract Airport terminals are complex nodes where passengers are processed under limited capacity conditions. Congestion problems and delays are likely to occur, with negative impacts on customer satisfaction. To keep high quality levels, the knowledge of passengers' arrival patterns is a key factor. In this study, a methodology based on the use of Bar Coded Boarding Pass (BCBP) technologies has been proposed to estimate arrival rate functions for different types of passengers (Low Cost and Full Carrier passengers) and time of the day. The results obtained for a test case have been analysed and discussed

Gender-based analysis of Zones of Tolerance for transit service quality considering intelligent transportation system

Quality service in public transport is important in transit systems. User needs and expectations have great relevance to transit modeling and implementation. This explanatory study examined young men’s and young women’s expectations and perceptions of transit quality of service with the use of the zone of tolerance (ZOT) and adequate and desired levels of service. Given the critical role of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) in public transport service enhancement, a specific dimension that reflected user perceptions and expectations of ITS also was considered. ZOTs for men and women were obtained separately, and the results showed differences. In particular, women’s minimum acceptable and desired levels of service were higher than they were for men, and women had relatively bigger ZOTs

Using Reputation Scores to Foster Car-Sharing Activities

In the near future, the growth of personal mobility is expected to continue all over the world and to cause impacts such as increased levels of traffic congestion and worsened quality of life, mainly in highly populated urban areas. Alternative solutions for individual mobility have been promoted to dissuade people from using private cars. Particularly, renting private vehicles scarcely used by their owners would result in several benefits, including environmental ones, and traffic reduction. This type of solution, based on the willingness of individuals to rent their own vehicles, is called Peer-to-Peer Car-Sharing (P2P-CS). This study proposes a methodological approach focused on the adoption of both a reputation system and blockchain technology to support P2P-CS activities. Reputation scores are introduced to meet CS actors’ expectations of dealing with trusted partners, by allowing both access to service and the opportunity to customize CS fares, while the blockchain makes reputation scores publicly accessible and unchangeable and allows the P2P-CS transport solution to be managed without third parties. The effectiveness of the proposed approach has been verified by several tests carried out on real and simulated data. The obtained results are satisfactory and encourage the adoption of these further sustainable travel mode opportunities

GPS and GIS Methods to Reproduce Vehicle Trajectories in Urban Areas

AbstractIntelligent vehicles – both automated and autonomous – have gained more and more importance due to the opportunity they offer to reduce congestion and particularly increase safety. As an example, accidents may occur when vehicle trajectories change and potentially cross, like in the case of overtaking manoeuvres. In this paper, the use of GPS and GIS methods are proposed to study and analyze vehicle trajectories. The aim is to retrace vehicle trajectories that can be useful to implement on-board devices guaranteeing both automatic driving and/or driving assistance. Some tests have been realized by using floating cars and the results are very promising