The small RNA RyhB regulates the expression of the cell division protein ZapB in Escherichia coli

RyhB est un petit ARN régulateur régulant plus d’une vingtaine de gènes impliqués dans le métabolisme du fer. Lors d'une carence de fer, RyhB est exprimé et s'apparie avec ses ARNm cibles pour stimuler leur dégradation via le dégradosome ARN. De récentes études ont démontré qu'il peut aussi activer plusieurs gènes en stabilisant les ARNm, augmentant ainsi leur niveau dans la cellule. Cette présente étude a permis de caractériser de nouvelles cibles de RyhB ; ces nouvelles cibles ont été identifiées en couplant des résultats de puces à ADN et de MAPS (MS2 Afiinity Purification – RNA sequencing). Une de ces nouvelles cibles, l'ARNm encodant le facteur de division cellulaire ZapB, est régulée négativement par RyhB. Les résultats in vivo suggèrent que RyhB induit non seulement une dégradation partielle de l’ARNm de zapB, mais il bloquerait aussi sa traduction en s’appariant dans la séquence codante au-delà de la fenêtre des cinq codons. L’utilisation de la cytométrie en flux a permis de mettre en évidence l’influence de RyhB sur la division cellulaire lors d’une carence en fer. La découverte de cette nouvelle cible de RyhB donne une vision plus étendue du targetome de RyhB

ACCURATE REAL-TIME DISPARITY MAP COMPUTATION BASED ON VARIABLE SUPPORT WINDOW

ABSTRAC

Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries

Background Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks. Methods The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned. Results A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P < 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31). Conclusion Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)