2-Bromo-4-methyl­benzonitrile

The title mol­ecule, C8H6BrN, is almost planar (r.m.s. deviation for the non-H atoms = 0.008 Å). In the crystal, weak π–π stacking inter­actions [centroid–centroid separations = 3.782 (2) and 3.919 (2) Å] generate [100] columns of mol­ecules

6-Benzyl­sulfanyl-9H-purine

The phenyl ring of the title compound, C12H10N4S, a purine derivative, is oriented at a dihedral angle of 76.65 (6)° with respect to the purine ring system. An inter­molecular N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds stabilizes the crystal structure

Comparison of predictive protocols in chest pain patients in a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan

Background: The most challenging aspect in evaluation of a patient presenting with chest pain in the Emergency Department (ED) is diagnosis of acute cardiac ischemia (ACI). Various decisions aids have been developed to aid the ED physician in the diagnosis of chest pain. Three different predictive protocols – the Goldman protocol, ACI-TIPI, and the Troponin protocol are used in predicting the occurrence of ACI. None of these decision aids have been tested in the Pakistani population, where risk factors and prevalence of CAD are much different than what is seen in other regions of the world.Aims: The aim of this study was to compare how three different predictive protocols for ACI fared in the Pakistani population.Methods:This retrospective case series included a consecutive sample of 212 patients who presented to the ED with symptoms of chest pain or its equivalent. Patient data was collected and retrospectively analyzed with each predictive protocol to analyze sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of each protocol.Results: 63% of patients were diagnosed with ACI. The sensitivities of the Goldman, ACI-TIPI, and Troponin protocols were 94%, 98%, and 38% respectively. The specificities of the Goldman, ACI-TIPI, and Troponin protocols were 14%, 29%, and 95% respectively. Conclusion: Sensitivities from a small sample size show promise in the use of predictive protocols for chest pain in the Pakistani population. However, prospective studies on a larger level need to be conducted to validate these findings

4-[2-(Benzyl­sulfan­yl)acet­yl]-3,4-dihydro­quinoxalin-2(1H)-one

In the title compound, C17H16N2O2S, the pyrazinone ring is non-planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.1595 Å), with maximum deviations for the 4-position N atom and the adjacent non-fused-ring C atom of 0.2557 (15) and −0.2118 (16) Å, respectively. The dihedral angle between the benzyl ring and pyrazinone rings is 30.45 (18)°. Inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter­actions forms inversion dimers which lead to eight-membered R 2 2(8) ring motifs. The dimers are further connected by C—H⋯O inter­actions

Novel FDIs-based data manipulation and its detection in smart meters’ electricity theft scenarios

Non-technical loss is a serious issue around the globe. Consumers manipulate their smart meter (SM) data to under-report their readings for financial benefit. Various manipulation techniques are used. This paper highlights novel false data injection (FDIs) techniques, which are used to manipulate the smart meter data. These techniques are introduced in comparison to six theft cases. Furthermore, various features are engineered to analyze the variance, complexity, and distribution of the manipulated data. The variance and complexity are created in data distribution when FDIs and theft cases are used to poison SM data, which is investigated through skewness and kurtosis analysis. Furthermore, to tackle the data imbalance issue, the proximity weighted synthetic oversampling (ProWsyn) technique is used. Moreover, a hybrid attentionLSTMInception is introduced, which is an integration of attention layers, LSTM, and inception blocks to tackle data dimensionality, misclassification, and high false positive rate issues. The proposed hybrid model outperforms the traditional theft detectors and achieves an accuracy of 0.95%, precision 0.97%, recall 0.94%, F1 score 0.96%, and area under-the-curve (AUC) score 0.98%

Exploring the better genetic options from indigenous material to cultivate tomato under high temperature regime

Screening test was conducted on 54genotypes of tomato to analyze the effect of heat stress and categorize them as heat tolerant or heat susceptible ones. Seedlings were grown at temperatures of 28/22oC day/night. Four weeks after sowing, plants were exposed to high temperatures of 40/32oC day/night for one week. Data for various morphological (root and shoot length, root and shoot fresh and dry weight, number of leaves) and physiological parameters (chlorophyll contents, sub-stomatal CO2, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency and leaf temperature) were recorded. Heat stress had a negative effect on all physiological and morphological processes of the genotypes. However, “Parter Improved”, “Legend” and “Roma” were the most tolerant genotypes whereas “Grus Chovka”, “Nepoli”, “Tima France”, “Kaldera” and “Cold Set” were susceptible to heat stress

Burnout among surgeons before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: an international survey

Background: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had many significant impacts within the surgical realm, and surgeons have been obligated to reconsider almost every aspect of daily clinical practice. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study reported in compliance with the CHERRIES guidelines and conducted through an online platform from June 14th to July 15th, 2020. The primary outcome was the burden of burnout during the pandemic indicated by the validated Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure. Results: Nine hundred fifty-four surgeons completed the survey. The median length of practice was 10 years; 78.2% included were male with a median age of 37 years old, 39.5% were consultants, 68.9% were general surgeons, and 55.7% were affiliated with an academic institution. Overall, there was a significant increase in the mean burnout score during the pandemic; longer years of practice and older age were significantly associated with less burnout. There were significant reductions in the median number of outpatient visits, operated cases, on-call hours, emergency visits, and research work, so, 48.2% of respondents felt that the training resources were insufficient. The majority (81.3%) of respondents reported that their hospitals were included in the management of COVID-19, 66.5% felt their roles had been minimized; 41% were asked to assist in non-surgical medical practices, and 37.6% of respondents were included in COVID-19 management. Conclusions: There was a significant burnout among trainees. Almost all aspects of clinical and research activities were affected with a significant reduction in the volume of research, outpatient clinic visits, surgical procedures, on-call hours, and emergency cases hindering the training. Trial registration: The study was registered on clicaltrials.gov "NCT04433286" on 16/06/2020