LHX1 as a potential biomarker regulates EMT induction and cellular behaviors in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma

Objectives: To investigate the expression of LHX1 and its role as a biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (UCEC). Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to detect the expression level of LHX1 in UCEC cells and tissues, and to find out the effect of LHX1 on prognosis. Co-expressed genes were then identified by Spearman correlation analysis, and the protein-protein interaction network was constructed using Cytoscape software. The R “clusterProfiler” package was used to conduct Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. A series of in vitro experiments were performed to evaluate LHX1 expression and detect UCEC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Western blotting was used to determine the effect of LHX1 on expression levels of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT)-related proteins. Results: LHX1 was upregulated in UCEC tissues and correlated with poor overall survival and disease-specific survival outcomes. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that genes co-expressed with LHX1 were enriched in cell adhesion. The expression of LHX1 was positively correlated with the expression levels of genes related to EMT induction and invasion. LHX1 can enhance the proliferation, migration, and invasion activities of UCEC cells in vitro, and alter the expression levels of EMT-related proteins. Conclusion: LHX1 expression was highly upregulated in UCEC cells and tissues, which was correlated with the prognosis of patients with UCEC. LHX1 may regulate UCEC progression at least in part by modulating EMT induction

Viability Discrimination of a Class of Control Systems on a Nonsmooth Region

The viability problem is an important field of study in control theory; the corresponding research has profound significance in both theory and practice. In this paper, we consider the viability for both an affine nonlinear hybrid system and a hybrid differential inclusion on a region with subdifferentiable boundary. Based on the nonsmooth analysis theory, we obtain a method to verify the viability condition at a point, when the boundary function of the region is subdifferentiable and its subdifferential is convex hull of many finite points

Model-free adaptive nonlinear control of the absorption refrigeration system

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61773282, 61873181, and 61922062).Peer reviewedPostprin

Effect of Extrusion Cooking on the Enhancement of Soluble Dietary Fiber and Structure Properties of Dietary Fiber in Defatted Rice Bran

The defatted rice bran was modified by extrusion cooking, and the effects of extrusion cooking on enhancement of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and structural properties of dietary fiber in rice bran were studied. Taking SDF content as an index, the optimum extrusion conditions of rice bran were determined by single factor experiment as follows: water content of 35%, extrusion temperature of 160 ℃, and screw speed of 250 r/min. After extrusion cooking treatment, the SDF content of rice bran increased from 4.34% to 14.34%. The microstructure of SDF from extruded rice bran was expanded loosely, the water holding capacity and expansion capacity of SDF significantly increased, while the oil holding capacity of SDF significantly decreased. The infrared spectrum of SDF did not produce a new absorption peak, the peak position moved to the long wavenumber direction, and the absorption intensity decreased. The position of crystal diffraction peak of SDF did not change significantly, and the relative crystallinity decreased. The microstructure of insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) from extruded rice bran was broken, the expansibility of IDF significantly increased, the oil-holding capacity of IDF significantly decreased, and the water-holding capacity had no obvious changes. The results of infrared spectra and crystallization properties both showed that cellulose and hemicellulose still existed in IDF from rice bran after extrusion cooking, but the structure of IDF was destroyed and the relative crystallinity of IDF decreased. The results showed that extrusion cooking treatment could change the structure properties of rice bran dietary fiber, providing a theoretical basis for the development and application of dietary fiber products