Effects of initiative-friendly culture, individual creativity, and knowledge sharing on innovation: Mediating and moderating approaches

Purpose: Management scholars and practitioners regard innovation as key to long-term firm success, suggesting the need to understand the best methods for enhancing innovation in the workplace. The current study investigates how an initiative-friendly culture, individual creativity, and knowledge sharing contribute to innovation. Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative study was conducted among 125 employees working in different organizations, most of them in France. Findings: The results indicate that creativity has a positive effect on innovation, but neither an initiative-friendly culture nor knowledge sharing have direct impacts on it. Their impacts on innovation instead are indirect, through creativity. Furthermore, business ethics and organizational size strengthen the association between creativity and innovation. Originality/value: The findings thus provide new insights into how innovation can be enhanced in the workplace, along with relevant implications for research and practice

COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF PARKIA BIGLOBOSA TRUNK BARK POWDERS JACQ. BENTH (FABACEAE-MIMOSOIDEAE) INTENDED FOR THE PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTION OF PHYTO-DRUGS

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the physicochemical characteristics and organic and inorganic contaminants of Parkia biglobosa trunk bark powders collected in four localities (Gonse, Yako, Bobo and Nobere) of Burkina Faso. Methods: The parameters studied were the physicochemical characters, the contents of heavy metals, pesticides and the microbial quality according to the methods of the European Pharmacopoeia. Results: The study of these parameters revealed a residual moisture content of less than 10% and a uniform pH, macroscopical character and particle sizes for all raw materials. Total ash ranged from 0.09 to 0.96 for powders from Yako and Bobo, respectively. Contaminant assessment revealed that Parkia biglobosa trunk bark contains high levels of manganese (Mn) and lead (Pb). The microbial analysis shows that the trunk bark powders from Gonse, Yako and Bobo complied with the specifications of the European Pharmacopoeia. Conclusion: These quality control studies allowed the correct identification, characterization and determination of the appropriate harvesting sites for pharmaceutical production of phytomedicine

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, ANALGESIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF HYDRO-ACETONIC EXTRACT FROM WISSADULA AMPLISSIMA VAR. ROSTRATA (SHUM. AND THONN.) R. E. FRIES

Objective: The present study aims to investigate anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antioxidant effects of the hydroacetonic extract (HAE) from Wissadula amplissima whole plant and to determine its polyphenol and flavonoid contents.Methods: Extraction was achieved by soaking defatted W. amplissima with aqueous acetone solvent. Acute toxicity and pharmacological investigations were performed per os and intraperitoneally on Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice. The carrageenan-induced paw edema and the acetic acid-induced writhing tests were used to assess the in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Inhibition of xanthine oxidase and lipoxygenase were carried out in vitro using endpoint spectrophotometric assays at 295 nm and 234 nm. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), lipid peroxidation and desoxyribose degradation assays were used to point out antioxidant activities of extract. Aluminium chloride colorimetric method was used to determine total flavonoids content when and total phenolic content was measured by the method Folin-ciocalteu reagent.Results: W. amplissima's HAE exhibited a slight acute toxicity with no lethality observed. Significant (p<0.05) anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities were recorded as well as strong inhibitory activities on lipoxygenase and xanthine oxidase. W. amplissima's HAE also demonstrated interesting antioxidant activities particularly in preventing lipid peroxidation. Polyphenol and flavonoid contents were respectively estimated to 64.33±1.34 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE) and 35.17±0.77 mg Quercetin Equivalent (QE) per 100 mg of W. amplissima's HAE.Conclusion: HAE of W. amplissima exhibited a promising anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential compared to the reference (acetylsalicylic acid, Hydrocortisone, paracetamol) and regarding the inhibition of lipoxygenase and lipid peroxidation. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities seem to be related to the antioxidant and enzymes inhibitors compounds of the plant extract.Â

HPLC ANALYSIS AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES STUDIES OF TRUNK BARKS OF ACACIA NILOTICA VAR ADANSONII (GUILL AND PERR) O KTZE (MIMOSACEAE)

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of the aqueous extract and fractions of the trunk bark of Acacia nilotica. Methods: A maceration of the powder of the trunks barks of the plant was realized. Then the aqueous macerate obtained was fractionated with dichloromethane, butanol and ethyl acetate successively. The phenolic compounds of the aqueous extract, butanol and ethyl acetate fractions were identified by HPLC/DAD. Lipoxygenase and phospholipase inhibition tests with the aqueous extract and the butanol and ethyl acetate fractions were carried out. The anti-inflammatory potential of the aqueous extract was assessed in vivo by the anti-edema test with carrageenan and the analgesic test with acetic acid at different doses (200 mg/ml; 400 mg/ml; 600 mg/ml). Aspirin (200 mg/ml) and paracetamol (200 mg/ml) were used as a reference. Results: The HPLC/DAD analysis of the extracts revealed that gallic acid is the most abundant phenol acid in the extracts. The aqueous extract inhibited lipoxygenase (IC50 = 18.32±1.18 μg/ml), phospholipase (11.44±0.32% per 100 μg/ml) and cyclooxygenase (56.48±0.29% for 100 μg/ml) as well as its tested fractions. It also reduced edema and pain in the mice by more than 50% from the 400 mg/ml dose. Conclusion: Aqueous extract of Acacia nilotica has anti-inflammatory properties. Hence its use in traditional medicine in the treatment of inflammation

Pharmacological study of trunk bark of Acacia nilotica var adansonii (Guill et Perr).o Ktze (Mimosaceae): Assays, antioxidant and antispasmodic activities

Aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro polyphenols content, antioxidant and antispasmodic properties of the aqueous extract and fractions of the trunk bark of Acacia nilotica. According to a survey conducted in rural Burkina Faso, Acacia nilotica var. adansonii (Guill and Perr). Ktze reported to be widely used in the treatment of gastrointestinal diarrhoea and parasitosis. A maceration of the powder of the trunk bark of the plant was carried out. Then the aqueous macerate obtain, was fractionated with dichloromethane, butanol and ethyl acetate successively. The phenolic compounds of the aqueous extract, butanol and ethyl acetate fractions was determinated. The antioxidant activity of aqueous extract and fractions was evaluated by the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP tests. The contractility test on smooth muscle was realized according to Magnus method. Assay of the extracts revealed a high content of polyphenols, tannins and flavonoids. The aqueous extract, the butanol fraction and the ethyl acetate fraction demonstrated a high antioxidant capacity. Aqueous extract showed a better antispasmodic effect of acetylcholine contraction induction at 1 μM (IC50 = 13.02 μg / mL) and for BaCl2 at 160 μg / mL (IC50 = 117.2 μg / mL). The aqueous extract of Acacia nilotica and his fractions had antioxidant properties. Only aqueous extract proven better antispasmodic property. Hence its use in traditional medicine in the treatment of diarrhoea. Keywords: Acacia nilotica, Antioxidant, Antispasmodi

Quality control and standardization of FACA® syrup

Sickle cell disease is a major public health problem. It is the first genetic disease in the world. FACA syrup offers an alternative treatment. It is a dry powder preparation of two components, the roots barks of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides Lam. (Rutaceae) Zepernick, Timler and Calotropis procera. Ait. R.B.r. (Asclepiadaceae). The product was developed at Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSS) from a traditional recipe used in Burkina Faso for treatment of sickle cell crises. This study aimed to establish physical-chemical, pharmaco technical and microbiological control parameters essential for the standardization of the phytomedicine. This valuation concerned specifications of moisture content, pH, the fingerprint by thin layer chromatography, pesticide residues, heavy metal content, microbial quality, and total ash. These charcteristics were determined by the methods prescribed by the World Health Organization (1998) and the European Pharmacopoeia 6th edition. The results have shown that dry syrups and reconstituted syrups were sweet, slightly spicy with a bitter after taste, a white room color and a faint odor. The density at the preparation was 0.985 and the pH was 5.93. After 2 months of storage in the laboratory, the organoleptic parameters of the reconstituted syrups have not changed. They were mold free, the density remained around 1 and the pH between 5 and 4. These parameters have shown that the quality of plants powders and these medicine comply with the recommendations of the European pharmacopoeia. Faca syrup may contribute to the better management of sickle cell disease in children

Caralluma Acutangula Prevents Body Weight Gain in Rats Feed on Hyperlipidic Diet

Caralluma acutangula (Decne.) (CA) (Asclepiadaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used in Burkina Faso for the management of weight. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of extract of CA on body weight, food intake, blood biochemistry parameters on experimental obesity rat model. One group received CA 400 mg/kg b.w. per day and was fed on hyperlipidic diet (HD), while the control group received HD only for three weeks long. The phytochemical investigation of extract showed a high total phenolic content (36.21±1.36 mg GAE/100mg of extract) and total flavonoids (4.98 ±0.31 QE/100 mg of extract). In the end, CA-HD treated group had a body weight loss of 2%, compared to HD group who presented a body weight gain of 15%. The CA-HD treated group showed also a lower levels of plasma triglyceride (136.57±13.82 mg/dL) and glycemia (187.74±31.16 mg/dL) compared to HD (206.02±23.82 and respectively 230.96±79.07 mg/dL) (p<0.05). CA extract also showed a good anti-oxidant activity in vivo (effect on antioxydant enzyme (MDA, GPX, SOD) and in vitro (inhibition of DPPH radical, ferric ion reduction). This study showed that CA is a potential natural remedy for the control of body weight and alleviation of obesity related disease

Impact of quality management on organizational learning and knowledge management

Dans cette thèse, nous nous posons la question de l'impact du management de la qualité sur l'apprentissage organisationnel et la gestion des connaissances. En particulier, nous cherchons à comprendre comment le système de management de la qualité (SMQ) IIn this PhD thesis, we present a study of the impact of quality management on organizational learning and knowledge management. Specifically, we try to understand how the ISO 9001 quality management system 5QMS) effectively contributes to knowledge mana

Impact of quality management on organizational learning and knowledge management

Dans cette thèse, nous nous posons la question de l'impact du management de la qualité sur l'apprentissage organisationnel et la gestion des connaissances. En particulier, nous cherchons à comprendre comment le système de management de la qualité (SMQ) ISO 9001 participe effectivement au knowledge management (KM). Tour à tour, nous revisitons la littérature sur l'apprentissage organisationnel, la gestion des connaissances et le management de la qualité, puis nous analysons leurs liens théoriques. En nous basant ensuite sur plusieurs études de cas, nous faisons un état des lieux des SMQ ISO 9001 et des pratiques de KM dans les entreprises et montrons comment les SMQ participent aux pratiques de KM. Trois cas approfondis nous permettent en outre d'étudier le management intégré de la qualité et des connaissances ainsi que des dynamiques d'apprentissage organisationnel et les phénomènes de routinisation des pratiques d'entreprise dans le cadre des SMQ, en fonction des contextes d'adoption de la norme ISO 9001. A l'aide des rapports d'interviews et d'une étude statistique par questionnaire, nous répondons enfin à la question concernant l'impact de ces systèmes de gestion en matière de performance des entreprises. Nos résultats montrent que les SMQ ISO 9001 participent à la gestion des connaissances et à l'apprentissage organisationnel, et que ces systèmes de gestion affectent positivement les performances des entreprises.In this PhD thesis, we present a study of the impact of quality management on organizational learning and knowledge management. Specifically, we try to understand how the ISO 9001 quality management system 5QMS) effectively contributes to knowledge management. We review the literature on organizational learning, knowledge management and quality management, and we examine the theoretical links between those concepts. Relying on a number of case studies, we then investigate quality management and knowledge management practices while providing evidence how QMSs contribute to such practices. In addition, we focus on three cases to study the integrated quality and knowledge management system as weel as the learning dynamics during the deployment of the ISO 9001 standards, according to the context of their implementation. Interviews and a statistical study allow us to also determine the impact of these management systems on organizational performance. Ours findings allow us to conclude that ISO 9001 quality management systems contribute to knowledge management and organizational learning, and that these management systems positively impact corporate performance

Sahra altı Afrika'da kriz iletişimi: Sosyal medya çağında terörist saldırıların medyada görülmesi

In recent years, terrorist attacks became a serious plague in West African countries. However, there is no academic research about the framing of terrorist. In this research, I will analyse and assess the media agenda setting and crisis communication strategy implemented by media practitioners in West African countries following terrorist attacks. Thereby, this study aims to diagnose the attitude of media professionals in relation to the coverage of terrorism, analyse it and evaluate it in the light of the various ethical and deontological rules that govern the profession of journalism. As a result, the investigations are carried out on samples based on interviews, survey data analysis and contents analysis of the main digital media in Burkina Faso and Mali. Therefore, the current study is essentially qualitative but follows a Sequential Mixed Method. It encompasses an analysis of a total of 219 news articles from “Maliweb.net” and “LeFaso.net”, along with a corpus of 98 surveyed population and 4 interviews realized with “resource persons”...Son yıllarda, Batı Afrika ülkelerinde terör saldırıları ciddi bir veba haline geldi. Ancak, Batı Afrika medyasının terör saldırılarını çerçevelediğine dair, özellikle de sosyal medyanın baskın olduğu bir bağlamda akademik bir araştırma yoktur. Terör olgusunun uygun bir şekilde anlaşılması, yalnızca terörizm, medya ve kamuoyu arasındaki karmaşık ilişkilerin dikkatli bir şekilde değerlendirilmesinden kaynaklanabilir. Böylece bu çalışma, medya profesyonellerinin terör haberciliğine ilişkin tutumunu teşhis etmeyi, analiz etmeyi ve gazetecilik mesleğini yöneten çeşitli etik ve deontolojik kurallar ışığında değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Sonuç olarak araştırmalar, Burkina Faso ve Mali'deki ana dijital medyanın mülakatlara, anket veri analizlerine ve içerik analizlerine dayalı örnekler üzerinden yürütülmektedir. Bu nedenle, mevcut çalışma esasen niteldir ancak Sıralı Karma Yöntemi takip eder. “Maliweb.net” ve “LeFaso.net” sitelerinden toplam 219 haber makalesinin analizini, ankete katılan 98 kişilik bir kitleyi ve “kaynak kişiler” ile gerçekleştirilen 4 görüşmeyi kapsamaktadır..