80 research outputs found
Risk assessment of chromium and cadmium emissions from the consumption of premium motor spirit (PMS) and automotive gas oil (AGO) in Nigeria
This paper assessed the chromium and cadmium emissions from consumption of premium motor spirit (PMS) and
automotive gas oil (AGO) across the states, regions and the nation, Nigeria as a whole. This was with a view to
determining the levels of per capita and land exposures to the emissions and the associated risks to humans, plants
and animals. Annual fuel consumption and toxic transition metals contents were combined to estimate the annual
emission rates of chromium and cadmium emissions from combustion of the PMS and AGO for a period of ten
years (2009–2018). Per capita and land distributions of emissions were then calculated by using population and
land areas, respectively. The results showed that total emission rates from both PMS and AGO were lowest in
2012, with 1,102 million mg/yr of chromium and 3,253 million mg/yr of cadmium, and highest in 2018, with
14,454 million mg/yr of chromium and 39,580 million mg/yr of cadmium. Emission rates per capita were also
lowest in 2012, with 7 mg/yr.person of chromium and 20 mg/yr.person of cadmium, and highest in 2018 with 74
mg/yr.person of chromium and 201 mg/yr.person of cadmium. Land distribution was lowest in 2012, with 1.19
mg/yr.km2 of chromium and 3.52 mg/yr.km2 of cadmium, and highest in 2018, with 15.63 mg/yr.km2 of
chromium and 42.81 mg/yr.km2 of cadmium. Comparing to regulatory limits, the risks of humans, animals and
plants be poisoned are very high. It is recommended that stiff regulations concerning the heavy metal contents of
fuels imported and distributed in Nigeria should be created and implemented to mitigate the risks of poisoning to
humans, animals and crops
Influence of Shallow Geology on Volatile Organic Chemical Attenuation from Groundwater to Deep Soil Gas
Divergent Vegetation Growth Patterns Relative to Bioinfiltration Unit Size and Plant Placement
Whole-house arsenic water treatment provided more effective arsenic exposure reduction than point-of-use water treatment at New Jersey homes with arsenic in well water
Evaluation of Vapor Intrusion Risk from Ethylene Dibromide Using the Vertical Screening Distance Approach
Expediting sustainable brownfields redevelopment by applying Triad using the membrane interface probe
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