Selection of factitious hosts for three neotropical trichogrammatid species

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as caracterÝsticas biol¾gicas dos parasit¾ides Trichogrammatoidea annulata, Trichogramma atopovirilia e Trichogramma bruni, criados em hospedeiros alternativos durante diferentes gerações, para selecionar o melhor hospedeiro para a criação massal desses parasitóides. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 3x3 (três hospedeiros – Anagasta kuehniella, Corcyra cephalonica e Sitotroga cerealella – e três gerações – 1a, 10a e 28a). Avaliaram-se: o total de ovos parasitados por fêmea; a longevidade de fêmeas e machos; a duração do período ovo-adulto; a razão sexual; e a viabilidade dos parasitóides. Os parasitóides Trichogrammatoidea annulata e Trichogramma bruni apresentaram melhores resultados em C. cephalonica. Para Trichogramma atopovirilia, o hospedeiro alternativo é C. cephalonica ou A. kuehniella. O hospedeiro S. cerealella foi o menos adequado para as três espécies de parasitóides. Os tricogramatídeos avaliados apresentaram capacidade adaptativa aos hospedeiros alternativos preferenciais, ao longo das gerações.The objective of this work was to assess the biological characteristics of the parasitoids Trichogrammatoidea annulata, Trichogramma atopovirilia e Trichogramma bruni, reared on factitious hosts, through different generations, in order to select the best host for parasitoid mass rearing. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, in a 3x3 factorial arrangement (three hosts – Anagasta kuehniella, Corcyra cephalonica and Sitotroga cerealella – and three generations – 1st, 10th and 28th). Evaluations were made for: the total parasitized eggs by each female; viability; longevity of male and female; duration of the egg-adult period; sexual ratio; and viability of the parasitoids. The parasitoids Trichogrammatoidea annulata and Trichogramma bruni showed better development on C. cephalonica. For Trichogramma atopovirilia, the factitious host can be either C. cephalonica or A. kuehniella. The host S. cerealella was the least indicated for the three parasitoids species. The evaluated trichogrammatids showed adaptative capacity to their preferential factitious host, through generations

Registro de lonqueidos (Diptera: Lochaeidae) en municipios del estado de Alagoas, Brasil.

Los estudios de moscas frugívoras en el estado de Alagoas, Brasil, se concentran en las especies denominadas moscas de las frutas (Tephritidae). Este reporte se refiere al registro de las especies de Neosilba en cinco municipios del estado de Alagoas: Neosilba bella, N. certa, N. glaberrima, N. inesperata, N. pendula y N. zadolicha

Odontopus abdominalis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): a new avocado pest in northeastern Brazil.

This is the first report of Odontopus abdominalis as a novel pest in avocado orchards in the Alagoas State, in Northeastern Brazil. Adults feed and bore holes in the leaves, and larvae feed on the mesophyll tissue, boring galleries in the leaves. Leaf necrosis then reduces the photosynthetic tissue in the mesophyll. This study contributes relevant information for reporting O. abdominalis as a novel avocado pest in Brazil. This knowledge is essential for defining adequate pest management approaches

Tabela de vida de fertilidade de três espécies neotropicais de Trichogrammatidae em ovos de hospedeiros alternativos como critério de seleção hospedeira Fertility life table of three neotropical species of Trichogrammatidae on factitious hosts as a criterion for selection of hosts

Tabela de vida de fertilidade de três espécies neotropicais de Trichogrammatidae em ovos de hospedeiros alternativos como critério de seleção hospedeira. O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar o hospedeiro alternativo que permita o melhor desenvolvimento das três espécies neotropicais de tricogramatídeos, Trichogramma atopovirilia Oatman & Platner, 1983; Trichogramma bruni Nagaraja, 1983 e Trichogrammatoidea annulata De Santis, 1972, utilizando-se como parâmetro comparativo as tabelas de vida de fertilidade nos respectivos hospedeiros. Foram estimados a duração média de uma geração (T), taxa líquida de reprodução (Ro), razão infinitesimal (r m) e a razão finita de aumento (&#955;). A tabela de vida de fertilidade pode ser utilizada para selecionar o hospedeiro alternativo mais adequado para as espécies de tricogramatídeos. Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton, 1865) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) foi o hospedeiro alternativo mais adequado para criação de T. annulata e de T. bruni, enquanto que para T. atopovirilia, Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller, 1879) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) e/ou C. cephalonica foram os hospedeiros mais adequados. Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier, 1819) (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) apresentou baixa capacidade de aumento populacional para as três espécies de parasitóides, sendo, portanto, uma espécie inadequada como hospedeiro alternativo para as mesmas.<br>The objective of this work was to select the factitious host that permit the best development of three neotropical Trichogrammatidae species, Trichogramma atopovirilia Oatman & Platner, 1983; Trichogramma bruni Nagaraja, 1983, and Trichogrammatoidea annulata De Santis, 1972, using the fertility life table on their respective hosts as a comparative parameter. Mean generation time (T), net reproductive rate (Ro), intrinsic rate of natural increase (r m) and the finite rate of increase (&#955;) were estimated. A fertility life table is useful to select the most adequate factitious hosts for the trichogrammatid species. Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton, 1865) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) was the most suitable factitious host for rearing of T. annulata and T. bruni; while Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller, 1879) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) and/or C. cephalonica were the most suitable hosts for T. atopovirilia. Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier, 1819) (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) presented a low capacity of population increase for the three species of parasitoids, therefore, being an inadequate species as a factitious host

New records of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the Alagoas State, Brazil.

The aim of this study was to determine the diversity of fruit flies, their hosts and parasitoids in the State of Alagoas, Brazil. A total of 17,394 specimens of frugivore insects where recorded, of which 14,993 (86.2 %) belonged to the genus Anastrepha (7,224 females and 7,769 males) and 2,401 (13.8 %) belonged to Ceratitis (1,196 females and 1,205 males). In Maceió, a new species of Anastrepha, which so far has been referred to as “morpho-species of Anastrepha sp.”, has been collected. Besides showing the highest number of females collected during this study, Anastrepha obliqua was associated with the highest number of host species (eight species). Parasitoid emergence was associated with only 9 of the 19 fruit species infested with fruit flies. From all pupae of Anastrepha obtained in this study (26,724), 6,125 parasitoid specimens have emerged, with 5,870 corresponding to Braconidae, 169 to Pteromalidae, 78 to Figitidae and 8 to Torymidae. In this study the emergence of parasitoids from puparia of Ceratitis was not recorded

Nuevos registros de moscas de la fruta (Diptera: Tephritidae) en el Estado de Alagoas, Brasil

The aim of this study was to determine the diversity of fruit flies, their hosts and parasitoids in the State of Alagoas, Brazil. A total of 17,394 specimens of frugivore insects where recorded, of which 14,993 (86.2 %) belonged to the genus Anastrepha (7,224 females and 7,769 males) and 2,401 (13.8 %) belonged to Ceratitis (1,196 females and 1,205 males). In Maceió, a new species of Anastrepha, which so far has been referred to as “morpho-species of Anastrepha sp.”, has been collected. Besides showing the highest number of females collected during this study, Anastrepha obliqua was associated with the highest number of host species (eight species). Parasitoid emergence was associated with only 9 of the 19 fruit species infested with fruit flies. From all pupae of Anastrepha obtained in this study (26,724), 6,125 parasitoid specimens have emerged, with 5,870 corresponding to Braconidae, 169 to Pteromalidae, 78 to Figitidae and 8 to Torymidae. In this study the emergence of parasitoids from puparia of Ceratitis was not recorded.El presente trabajo propone como objetivo conocer la diversidad de moscas de las frutas, sus hospederos y parasitoides en los municipios del Estado de Alagoas, Brasil. En los meses de colecta se recolectaron un total de 17.394 especímenes de insectos frugívoros, de estos, 14.993 (86,2 %) pertenecían al género Anastrepha (7.224 hembras y 7.769 machos) y 2.401 (13,8 %) a Ceratitis (1.196 hembras y 1.205 machos). En Maceió se recolectó una nueva especie que, hasta el momento, se la denomina como la morfo-especie Anastrepha sp. El mayor número de hembras pertenecían a Anastrepha obliqua la especie asociada al mayor número de plantas hospederas (ocho especies). De las 19 especies de frutales infestadas por moscas frugívoras, solo en nueve se registraron parasitoides. Del total de puparios de Anastrepha (26.724) emergieron 6.125 especímenes, 5.870 a pertenecían a la familia Braconidae, 169 a Pteromalidae, a 78 Figitidae y 8 a Torymidae. En este trabajo no se registró emergencia de parasitoides de los puparios de Ceratitis