Passive immunisation of goldfish with the serum of those surviving a Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 infection after high temperature water treatment

Herpesviral haematopoietic necrosis of goldfish caused by cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) can be controlled by raising water temperature to a virus non-permissive temperature of 34℃. Consequently, the goldfish can survive and acquire resistance to the disease; the underlying mechanism of acquired resistance, however, remains unclear. In this study, we investigated serological changes in the surviving goldfish, with a focus on their humoral immunity, and examined whether sera of the surviving goldfish conferred passive immunity to naive goldfish. Levels of the anti-CyHV-2 antibodies in 8 of the 9 survivors measured via ELISA were higher than those in control fish. Neutralising antibodies were detected in the sera of 2 survivors, but no direct correlation was observed between ELISA optical density value and neutralising antibody titer. Passive immunisation tests showed that recipients injected with the serum containing neutralising antibodies showed higher survival rates than the control group. The sera from 6 other survivors showed no effect on the recipient\u27s mortality regardless of anti-CyHV-2 antibody levels. These results suggest that neutralising antibodies can contribute to acquired immunity in survivors, and other protective factors, including cell-mediated immunity, may work in the survivors that show no detectable neutralising antibodies

An Empirical Method for Estimating Normal Boiling Point and other Physical Properties of Alkene Hydrocarbons

金沢大学工学部A method of estimating the structural variation in the boiling point and other physical properties of alkenes is developed. By this method, all properties are expressed in terms of a structural constant called the “effective carbon number” which depends on the number and relative position of double bonds and those of side chains but not on external variables such as the temperature. An empirical equation is presented to correlate the effective carbon number with molecular structure. By combining the use with the previously presented nomogram, it is proved to be quite useful for rapid evaluation of various properties including the temperature-vapor pressure relationship and the critical constants

Comparison between experimental and numerical simulation data of ultrasound signals.

Tomografia por ultrassom é uma técnica de imageamento onde uma propriedade do domínio (como velocidade de propagação do som) é estimada a partir da excitação e medição de sinais de ultrassom (como pressão acústica) na fronteira do domínio. Uma atual aplicação médica desta técnica é a detecção de câncer de mama, e uma futura aplicação é o monitoramento da atividade pulmonar em tempo real. Neste trabalho foram projetados, fabricados e testados transdutores de ultrassom de cerâmica monoelemento de frequências de 500kHz e 150kHz e foi utilizado o método de elementos finitos para solução da equação de propagação da onda acústica no tempo. Os dados experimentais foram coletados e comparados com a resposta obtida pela etapa computacional. O erro máximo encontrado da diferença entre os resultados experimentais e numéricos no eixo central foi de aproximadamente 6%.Ultrasound tomography is an imaging technique where a material property of the domain (as propagation speed of sound) is estimated from the excitation and measurement of ultrasound signals (such as acoustic pressure) on the boundary of the domain. A current medical application of this technique is the detection of breast cancer, and one future application is the monitoring of lung activity in real time. In this work monoelement ceramic ultrasonic transducers were designed, built and tested for frequencies of 500kHz and 150kHz and the finite element method was used to solve the acoustic wave equation in the time domain. The experimental data were collected and compared to the numerical results. The maximum error of the difference between experimental and numerical results on the central axis was approximately 6%

Comparison between experimental and numerical simulation data of ultrasound signals.

Tomografia por ultrassom é uma técnica de imageamento onde uma propriedade do domínio (como velocidade de propagação do som) é estimada a partir da excitação e medição de sinais de ultrassom (como pressão acústica) na fronteira do domínio. Uma atual aplicação médica desta técnica é a detecção de câncer de mama, e uma futura aplicação é o monitoramento da atividade pulmonar em tempo real. Neste trabalho foram projetados, fabricados e testados transdutores de ultrassom de cerâmica monoelemento de frequências de 500kHz e 150kHz e foi utilizado o método de elementos finitos para solução da equação de propagação da onda acústica no tempo. Os dados experimentais foram coletados e comparados com a resposta obtida pela etapa computacional. O erro máximo encontrado da diferença entre os resultados experimentais e numéricos no eixo central foi de aproximadamente 6%.Ultrasound tomography is an imaging technique where a material property of the domain (as propagation speed of sound) is estimated from the excitation and measurement of ultrasound signals (such as acoustic pressure) on the boundary of the domain. A current medical application of this technique is the detection of breast cancer, and one future application is the monitoring of lung activity in real time. In this work monoelement ceramic ultrasonic transducers were designed, built and tested for frequencies of 500kHz and 150kHz and the finite element method was used to solve the acoustic wave equation in the time domain. The experimental data were collected and compared to the numerical results. The maximum error of the difference between experimental and numerical results on the central axis was approximately 6%

Elastic Behaviour in the β_1 Phase Region of Au_<52.5-x>Ag_xCd_<47.5> Thermoelastic Alloys

A phase relation in Au _Ag_xCd_ Pseudobinary alloys was studied, in which the transition temperatures of Heusler-type ordering and of thermoelastic martensitic transition were measured as a function of Ag content. It is of interest that (1) in the case of Heusler-ordering obtained by slow-cooling from the β_1 region, the To (=1/2(M_s+A_s) temperature gradually decreased with the increase of Ag content and exhibited a minimum at about 29 at% Ag, and then a maximum at about 35 at% Ag, and (2) in the case of CsCl-ordering. To showed a minimum at about 35 at% Ag and then a maximum at about 47 at% Ag. Temperature dependence of the elastic constants (ultrasonic velocities) and ultrasonic attenuations was measured by the ultrasonic pulse-echo method in the premartensitic temperature range near M_s by using single crystals. From these elastic constants data, the temperature dependence of the Debye characteristic temperature θ_T was calculated in the temperature range above M_s. Remarkable elastic softening and its large attenuation of C\u27=1/2(C_-C_), corresponding to the (110) [110]_ shear, were found in the temperature range fairly above M_s