La grace et I\u27humanite chez Simone Weil : Considerations sur I\u27importance de I\u27<<attention>>

卒業論文(Thesis

Shinichi NAKAZAWA, Art Anthropology

【書評

Labyrinth Images : A Brief History of Labyrinth and the Labyrinth Movement in the Modern United States

"Labyrinth" and "Maze" are two confusing terms or concepts. However, these two are quite distinct from each other. Though a maze has choices along the way, a labyrinth inevitably ends at the center and does not require the walker to make any choices. The origin of the Cretan-Type labyrinth dates back to 1200 BCE. since that time, they spread along the coastal areas of the Mediterranean Sea and are seen in ancient Greek myths such as the tales of Theseus. In the Middle Ages, labyrinths were gradually incorporated into Christian churches and often appeared in manuscript. In the 13th century, a new type of labyrinth, the Chartres-Type appeared. However, with the spread of mazes, the labyrinth became almost forgotten until modern times. Over the last two decades, in the United States, many sorts of labyrinths, especially the Chartres-Type, have been reproduced in churches, parks, hospitals, etc. People walk through it, following the path of the labyrinth physically, as a spiritual tool for meditation, healing or prayer. This phenomenon of revival in a multicultural-spiritual context is called the Labyrinth Movement. This article introduces the Labyrinth Movement in the US, considering spirituality and the sacred, referring to Lauren Artress, the central figure of the movement. It also explores the relationship between humans and a labyrinth.論文/Article

Considering “ triskelion ”, a Celtic image adopted in modern Brittany : The cases of nationalism and neo-pagnism

This paper focuses on triskelion, the Celtic spiral. This image has been regarded as one of important, ancient symbols of Celts, which is why earlier studies based on art history presumed that it signified something related to Celtic religion or world view, for example: life, death and rebirth.//Today triskelion is not only widely known in Celtic-speaking lands of the Atlantic such as Ireland, Wales, Cornwall and Brittany, but is also often used for the sake of expressing Celticness. However, this image today is interpreted as a symbol of three elements: water, air and fire (earth), especially in Brittany. Why has triskelion come to signify this?//Divi Kervella noticed that triskelion has been popular since the period between WWI and WWII because certain nationalist parties adopted it as a representation of Celticness. In addition, several groups belonging to neo-druidism, such as Kredenn Geltiek, have in recent years in Brittany attempted to (re)construct ancient, religious thought of the Celts by placing emphasis on triskelion. The Breton interpretation of triskelion seems to resemble the four druidic elements (water, air, fire and earth), which is why I believe there might be some connection or correspondence between the new interpretation of the image and neo-druidism.//This paper points out the fact that Bretons are a minority both in France and among Celtic-speaking regions and discusses how Breton people treat triskelion. Also, the relationship between national or cultural identities and visual objects is considered. At the end of the paper, the spiral structure of interaction between two elements facing each other, the spiral figure and human consciousness, is explained.//While developing the above argument, I also examine the possible contribution of religious studies to the understanding of not just religious art, but also images, patterns, figures and other visual objects that do not have an obvious relationship with religion.論文/Article

Pulmonary adenofibroma in a sika deer

A solitary firm nodule was found in the lung of a sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis). Histologically, it was a biphasic lesion composed of epithelial and stromal cell elements and exhibited a leaf-like growth pattern. The epithelial cells were immunohistochemically positive for pancytokeratin, cytokeratin 7, napsin A, and thyroid transcription factor-1, and the stromal cells were positive for vimentin and partially positive for desmin and α-smooth muscle actin. These observations were consistent with pulmonary adenofibroma, which is an extremely rare lesion in humans. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of pulmonary adenofibroma in an animal

Continuous Professional Oral Health Care Intervention Improves Severe Aspiration Pneumonia

Professional oral health care (POHC) is known to prevent aspiration pneumonia in patients with dysphagia and/or those at the perioperative stage of surgery. However, the effect of POHC on patients suffering from aspiration pneumonia remains unknown. Here, we report a case where continual POHC intervention improved severe aspiration pneumonia. A 74-year-old male patient with a brain infarction suffered from severe aspiration pneumonia (PSI: IV, A-DROP: 3) complicated by vascular dementia and severe dysphagia. Because an antimicrobial approach following the treatment guidelines for pneumonia was not effective, we started a POHC intervention to improve his poor oral condition at the request of the attending doctor and the patient’s family. The severe pneumonia markedly improved after continual POHC by the dental team. This case suggests that continual POHC intervention by a dental hygienist may improve severe aspiration pneumonia

Non-canonical EZH2 drives retinoic acid resistance of variant acute promyelocytic leukemias

International audienceCancer cell heterogeneity is a major driver of therapy resistance. To characterize resistant cells and their vulnerabilities, we studied the PLZF-RARA variant of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), resistant to retinoic acid (RA), using single-cell multi-omics. We uncovered transcriptional and chromatin heterogeneity in leukemia cells. We identified a subset of cells resistant to RA with proliferation, DNA replication and repair signatures, that depend on a fine-tuned E2F transcriptional network targeting the epigenetic regulator Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2). Epigenomic and functional analyses validated the driver role of EZH2 in RA resistance. Targeting pan-EZH2 activities (canonical/non-canonical) was necessary to eliminate leukemia relapse initiating cells, which underlies a dependency of resistant cells on an EZH2 non-canonical activity and the necessity to degrade EZH2 to overcome resistance. Our study provides critical insights into the mechanisms of RA resistance that allow us to eliminate treatment-resistant leukemia cells by targeting EZH2, thus highlighting a potential targeted therapy approach. Beyond RA resistance and APL context, our study also demonstrates the power of single-cell multi-omics to identify, characterize and clear therapy-resistant cells