Gravitational Leptogenesis and Neutrino Mass Limit

Recently Davoudiasl {\it et al} \cite{steinhardt} have introduced a new type of interaction between the Ricci scalar $R$ and the baryon current $J^{\mu}$, ${\partial_\mu R} J^{\mu}$ and proposed a mechanism for baryogenesis, the gravitational baryogenesis. Generally, however, $\partial_{\mu} R$ vanishes in the radiation dominated era. In this paper we consider a generalized form of their interaction, $\partial_{\mu}f(R)J^{\mu}$ and study again the possibility of gravitational baryo(lepto)genesis. Taking $f(R)\sim \ln R$, we will show that $\partial_{\mu}f(R)\sim \partial_{\mu} R/R$ does not vanish and the required baryon number asymmetry can be {\it naturally} generated in the early universe.Comment: 4 page

Contextuality and nonlocality in 'no signaling' theories

We define a family of 'no signaling' bipartite boxes with arbitrary inputs and binary outputs, and with a range of marginal probabilities. The defining correlations are motivated by the Klyachko version of the Kochen-Specker theorem, so we call these boxes Kochen-Specker-Klyachko boxes or, briefly, KS-boxes. The marginals cover a variety of cases, from those that can be simulated classically to the superquantum correlations that saturate the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality, when the KS-box is a generalized PR-box (hence a vertex of the `no signaling' polytope). We show that for certain marginal probabilities a KS-box is classical with respect to nonlocality as measured by the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt correlation, i.e., no better than shared randomness as a resource in simulating a PR-box, even though such KS-boxes cannot be perfectly simulated by classical or quantum resources for all inputs. We comment on the significance of these results for contextuality and nonlocality in 'no signaling' theories.Comment: 22 pages. Changes to Introduction and final Commentary section. Added two tables, one to Section 5, and some new reference

Doping-dependent study of the periodic Anderson model in three dimensions

We study a simple model for $f$-electron systems, the three-dimensional periodic Anderson model, in which localized $f$ states hybridize with neighboring $d$ states. The $f$ states have a strong on-site repulsion which suppresses the double occupancy and can lead to the formation of a Mott-Hubbard insulator. When the hybridization between the $f$ and $d$ states increases, the effects of these strong electron correlations gradually diminish, giving rise to interesting phenomena on the way. We use the exact quantum Monte-Carlo, approximate diagrammatic fluctuation-exchange approximation, and mean-field Hartree-Fock methods to calculate the local moment, entropy, antiferromagnetic structure factor, singlet-correlator, and internal energy as a function of the $f-d$ hybridization for various dopings. Finally, we discuss the relevance of this work to the volume-collapse phenomenon experimentally observed in f-electron systems.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figure

Endoplasmic reticulum targeted GFP reveals ER organization in tobacco NT-1 cells during cell division

Author Posting. © The Authors, 2005. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2006.03.003.The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of plant cells undergoes a drastic reorganization during cell division. In tobacco NT-1 cells that stably express a GFP construct targeted to the ER, we have mapped the reorganization of ER that occurs during mitosis and cytokinesis with confocal laser scanning microscopy. During division, the ER and nuclear envelope do not vesiculate. Instead, tubules of ER accumulate around the chromosomes after the nuclear envelope breaks down, with these tubules aligning parallel to the microtubules of the mitotic spindle. In cytokinesis, the phragmoplast is particularly rich in ER, and the transnuclear channels and invaginations present in many interphase cells appear to develop from ER tubules trapped in the developing phragmoplast. Drug studies, using oryzalin and latrunculin to disrupt the microtubules and actin microfilaments respectively, demonstrate that during division, the arrangement of ER is controlled by microtubules and not by actin, which is the reverse of the situation in interphase cells.Funding for this project included NASA grant # NAGW-4984 to the North Carolina NSCORT (NASA Specialized Center of Research and Training) (SLG, DAC, NSA), NSF REU Site Grant #0243930 (NSA), a Sigma Xi Grant-in-Aid Award (SLG), and Australian Research Council Discovery Grant no. DP0208806 (DAC)

Intersubband spin-density excitations in quantum wells with Rashba spin splitting

In inversion-asymmetric semiconductors, spin-orbit coupling induces a k-dependent spin splitting of valence and conduction bands, which is a well-known cause for spin decoherence in bulk and heterostructures. Manipulating nonequilibrium spin coherence in device applications thus requires understanding how valence and conduction band spin splitting affects carrier spin dynamics. This paper studies the relevance of this decoherence mechanism for collective intersubband spin-density excitations (SDEs) in quantum wells. A density-functional formalism for the linear spin-density matrix response is presented that describes SDEs in the conduction band of quantum wells with subbands that may be non-parabolic and spin-split due to bulk or structural inversion asymmetry (Rashba effect). As an example, we consider a 40 nm GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well, including Rashba spin splitting of the conduction subbands. We find a coupling and wavevector-dependent splitting of the longitudinal and transverse SDEs. However, decoherence of the SDEs is not determined by subband spin splitting, due to collective effects arising from dynamical exchange and correlation.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure

Identification of a novel stripe rust resistance gene from the European winter wheat cultivar ‘Acienda’: A step towards rust proofing wheat cultivation

All stage resistance to stripe rust races prevalent in India was investigated in the European winter wheat cultivar ‘Acienda’. In order to dissect the genetic basis of the resistance, a backcross population was developed between ‘Acienda’ and the stripe rust susceptible Indian spring wheat cultivar ‘HD 2967’. Inheritance studies revealed segregation for a dominant resistant gene. High density SNP genotyping was used to map stripe rust resistance and marker regression analysis located stripe rust resistance to the distal end of wheat chromosome 1A. Interval mapping located this region between the SNP markers AX-95162217 and AX-94540853, at a LOD score of 15.83 with a phenotypic contribution of 60%. This major stripe rust resistance locus from ‘Acienda’ has been temporarily designated as Yraci. A candidate gene search in the 2.76 Mb region carrying Yraci on chromosome 1A identified 18 NBS-LRR genes based on wheat RefSeqv1.0 annotations. Our results indicate that as there is no major gene reported in the Yraci chromosome region, it is likely to be a novel stripe rust resistance locus and offers potential for deployment, using the identified markers, to confer all stage stripe rust resistance

Thermal leptogenesis in a model with mass varying neutrinos

In this paper we consider the possibility of neutrino mass varying during the evolution of the Universe and study its implications on leptogenesis. Specifically, we take the minimal seesaw model of neutrino masses and introduce a coupling between the right-handed neutrinos and the dark energy scalar field, the Quintessence. In our model, the right-handed neutrino masses change as the Quintessence scalar evolves. We then examine in detail the parameter space of this model allowed by the observed baryon number asymmetry. Our results show that it is possible to lower the reheating temperature in this scenario in comparison with the case that the neutrino masses are unchanged, which helps solve the gravitino problem. Furthermore, a degenerate neutrino mass patten with $m_i$ larger than the upper limit given in the minimal leptogenesis scenario is permitted.Comment: 18 pages, 7 figures, version to appear in PR

Scale in object and process ontologies

Scale is of great importance to the analysis of real world phenomena, be they enduring objects or perduring processes. This paper presents a new perspective on the concept of scale by considering it within two complementary ontological views. The first, called SNAP, recognizes enduring entities or objects, the other, called SPAN, perduring entities or processes. Within the meta-theory provided by the complementary SNAP and SPAN ontologies, we apply different theories of formal ontology such as mereology and granular partitions, and ideas derived from hierarchy theory. These theories are applied to objects and processes and form the framework within which we present tentative definitions of scale, which are found to differ between the two ontologies