27 research outputs found
Analysis of input coupler asymmetry influence onΒ particle beams dynamics in accelerators withΒ superconducting cavities
An investigation of input coupler asymmetry influence on electron beamβs dynamics in energy recovery linacs (ERL) with superconducting cavities was carried out. Were considered several types of input power couplers β coaxial and waveguide, asymmetric and symmetric. Based on numerical modeling electromagnetic fields distribution in accelerating cavity with input coupler was found, the transverse deflecting impulse was calculated.ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π² Π½Π°Π΄ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ° Π· ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³ΡΡ (ERL) Π½Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΡΠ² Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ². Π ΠΎΠ·Π³Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Ρ Ρ Ρ
Π²ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ, Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ Ρ ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ Π²Π°ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ» Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ² Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΡΡ Π· ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΡΠΌ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄Ρ
ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΌΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΡ.ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ (ERL) Π½Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ². Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅, Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΡ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π° Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°
Russian economic thought on agricultural issues (Article of N.P. Makarov)
The author of this article, the remarkable Russian economist Nikolai Makarov (1886-1980), is one of the brightest representatives of Chayanovβs organization-production school, who had a long and dramatic life. After graduating from the Faculty of Economics of the Moscow University, he conducted economic-statistical studies of the Russian peasantry and cooperation, and taught a number of agrarian-economic disciplines at the universities of Moscow and Voronezh. Makarov took an active part in the preparation of agrarian reforms during the 1917 Revolution. During the Civil War, he emigrated to the United States and wrote books about American agriculture. In 1924, at the invitation of Alexander Chayanov, Makarov returned to Soviet Russia - as a wellknown professor and influential expert in the comparative studies of rural development in various regions of the world2. The fruitful scientific work of Makarov and his colleagues from the organization-production school was stopped in 1930 - when Stalin accused Chayanov and Makarov of sabotaging collectivization and preparing a counter-revolutionary coup in the USSR. Makarov spent several years in prison, and in the mid-1930s, he was sent to work as an economist at the state farms of the Black-Earth region. In the late 1940s, he was allowed to return to research and teaching, and in old age, he published a number of books on the Soviet agricultural economy. The article presents the emigrant period of Makarovβs life, when he collaborated with the editorial board of the Peasant Russia journal published in Czechoslovakia in the 1920s. Makarov conducts a political-economic analysis of the main issues and topics in the Russian agrarian thought of the late 19th - early 20th centuries. First, he describes the features of the Narodnik and Marxist theoretical-methodological approaches to the study of the Russian rural evolution. Then, in the spirit of the Chayanov school, Makarov looks for a fruitful compromise between these two ideologies. He notes the important impact on Russian agrarians of the international, primarily German, studies of the agricultural organization and evolution. The final sections of the article explain Makarovβs original classifications and typologies of the forms and directions of the agricultural evolution. Today, a hundred years later, this Makarovβs work helps us to better understand the debatable roots of the Russian and global agrarian ideologies in the early 20th century.ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΡ ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΉ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² (1886-1980) ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠ° Π§Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ» Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Ρ. ΠΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΎΠ½ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π°Π» ΡΡΠ΄ Π°Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½ Π² ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ²Ρ ΠΈ ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ΠΆΠ°. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ» Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ Π°Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌ Π² Π ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ 1917 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Π² Π‘Π¨Π, Π³Π΄Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π» ΠΏΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ± Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅. ΠΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½Π΄ΡΠ° Π§Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΉ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ»ΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΡΡ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡ Π² 1924-ΠΌ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ, Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅Π³ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π² 1930-ΠΌ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π‘ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½ ΠΎΠ±Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ» Π§Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Π° Π² ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² Π‘Π‘Π‘Π . ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π» Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π»Π΅Ρ Π² ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅. Π ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅ 1930-Ρ
Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ½ Π±ΡΠ» Π²ΡΡΠ»Π°Π½ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π² ΡΠΎΠ²Ρ
ΠΎΠ·Ρ Π§Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ·Π΅ΠΌΡΡ. Π ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ 1940-Ρ
Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ» ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠ½ ΡΠΆΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π» ΡΡΠ΄ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π·Π΄Π΅ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Π°, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΎΠ½ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ°Π» Ρ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅Π³ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΆΡΡΠ½Π°Π»Π° Β«ΠΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΒ» ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ Π² Π§Π΅Ρ
ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΈ Π² 1920-Π΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΡΡ Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π°Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΠ»ΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ° Π₯IX - Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° XX Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ², Π° Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΡΡ Π²ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ Π² Π΄ΡΡ
Π΅ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ Π§Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° Π½Π°ΠΉΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ° ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ·Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π³Π΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ° ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ. Π‘ΠΏΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎ Π»Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π°ΠΌ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈ Π°Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° XX Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ°
An extension theorem in the theory of regular tilings and its applications
The extension theorem gives necessary and sufficient conditions under which a convex polytope admits a regular (tile-transitive) tiling of the d-dimensional space of constant curvature. The extension theorem was first stated in [N. P. Dolbilin, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR {bf 230} (1976), no.~3, 516--519; [msn] MR0420414 (54 #8428) [/msn]]. In the paper under review a detailed proof of the extension theorem is given. Also, from this theorem the known theorems on fundamental polytopes (by Venkov and by Coxeter) are derived
Effectiveness of combined use: Inactivated vaccines with immunostimulants on the in vivo model of teschen disease
The Teschen disease (enzootic encephalomyelitis, enterovirus encephalomyelitis in pigs) is a viral disease in pigs, characterized by the development of non-suppurative encephalomyelitis and the emergence of paralysis. Live and inactivated vaccines are used to prevent the Teschen disease. The vaccines are prepared from tissues of the central nervous system of infected pigs or using a cultured viral suspension with the addition of various adjuvants. The inactivated vaccine against the Teschen disease protects 70-80% of vaccinated pigs from subsequent intracerebral infection with a pathogenic virus. The titer of virus-neutralizing antibodies reaches a maximum (1:64-1:1444) two weeks after the second vaccination. Vaccinated pigs with titer of neutralizing antibodies above than 1:32-1:128 are resistant to infection enterovirus encephalomyelitis of pigs. If the animal was older than 6 weeks age at the time of vaccination expressed antibody formation was observed. The disadvantages of inactivated vaccines are the low level and short duration of the formed protective immunity. Therefore, to induce and maintain a high level of humoral immunity people are forced to resort to multiple vaccinations. Another way to amplify the protectiveness of inactivated vaccines is the use of immunomodulators for the regulation of immunological reactivity. A wide field of activity remains for the selection of effective immunomodulators and optimal schemes for their combined use with inactivated vaccines. It seems advisable to determine the possibilities of using a number of immunostimulants produced by the domestic bioproductivity in the vaccine prophylaxis of viral diseases of farm. Β© 2020 Sereda et al