30 research outputs found
Analysis of wheat varieties by gliadin electrophoregrams. 1) Catalogue of electrophoregram formulas of 29 common wheat cultivars grown in Italy
The electrophoretic methods of Bushuk and Zillman with some modification has been applied for the identification of 29 common wheat varieties grown in Italy
Environmental factors of celiac disease: Cytotoxicity of hulled wheat species Triticum mpnococcum, T. turgidum ssp. dicoccum and T. aestivum ssp. spelta.
Background and Aim: In the present paper, the toxicity of prolamines derived from three
cereals with a different genome was investigated in human colon cancer Caco-2/TC7 and
human myelogenous leukemia K562(S) cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate
if species from ancient wheat could be considered as healthy food crops devoid or poor in
cytotoxic prolamines for celiac disease.
Methods: Cytotoxicity was measured in terms of inhibition of cell growth, activation of
apoptosis, release of nitric oxide (NO), detection of tissue transglutaminase (TG II) and
alteration of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) on Caco-2/Tc7 and K562 (S) cell
agglutination. Peptic-tryptic (PT) digest from bread wheat (T. aestivum S. Pastore) was
used as a positive control.
Results: PT digests of prolamins from spelt wheat (T. aestivum ssp. spelta) were found to
exert toxic effects on Caco-2/TC7 cells and to agglutinate K562(S) cells. Increased
amounts of NO and TG II expression were observed in Caco-2/TC7 cells exposed to
1 mg/mL of spelt prolamins, suggesting that spelt wheat can induce cellular mechanisms
implicated in the pathogenesis of celiac disease. By contrast, the PT digests from monoccum
wheat (Triticum monococcum) and farro wheat (T. turgidum ssp. dicoccum) did not
exhibit any negative effects on Caco-2/TC7 and K562(S) cells.
Conclusions: The results have shown a constant and significant toxic effect of spelt wheat
which is not shared by the two other ancient cereals. Future studies on celiac intestinal
organ cultures are needed to increase the prospects of breeding programs aimed at developing
wheat cultivars potentially tolerated by most celiac patients