National Religious Context and Volunteering: More Rigorous Tests Supporting the Association [Reply to Van der Meer, Te Grotenhuis en Pelzer]

Contains fulltext : 90022.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)6 p

Socio-economic Payoffs of Voluntary Association Involvement: A Dutch Life Course Study

Contains fulltext : 77363.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)Over the last three decades, research on occupational attainment has been extended with studies indicating the importance of social resources. We study socio-economic effects of voluntary association involvement, which is an important source of weak ties for getting a better job. First, we determine to what extent involvement causes better socio-economic outcomes. Second, we test whether specific voluntary associations provide larger socio-economic payoffs than others. We use life course data from the Family Survey of the Dutch Population 2000 to test our hypotheses. Because the timing of job changes and voluntary participation is known, we are able to test for socio-economic effects of involvement at the time of a job start while controlling for previous socio-economic characteristics. Consequently, the endogeneity problem from which much research in this field suffers has been overcome. Results show that members are more likely to start new jobs which are better in terms of status and earnings than those of non-members. Besides, volunteering is beneficial when entering the labour market for the first time. Furthermore, members of associations with more high status co-members are more likely to get a new job and these jobs are of higher status too. Hence, voluntary association involvement definitely pays off.18 p

Verklaringen voor intergenerationele criminaliteit: Statische versus dynamische theorieën [Static versus dynamic theories as explanations for intergenerational transmission of crime]

Contains fulltext : 77166.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Parental criminal behaviour exerts a substantial impact on offspring criminal behaviour. Unfortunately however, the explanation for the intergenerational transmission of crime remains unclear. To compare and contrast two possible explanations, we address the question of whether the timing of a father’s criminal acts predicts the likelihood that his children commit crime. According to static theories, the total number of criminal acts rather than the exact timing influences the likelihood of offspring criminal behaviour. According to dynamic theories, timing is crucial and children are more likely to engage in criminal behaviour after fathers have committed criminal acts. Results show that the total number of delinquent acts is an important predictor, and also that the exact timing plays an important role. In the year the father has been convicted, the likelihood that the child commits crime increases substantially and decays in the following years at a slower rate the more crimes the father has committed. Our results show that the rigorous assumptions of static theories require nuancing.26 p

Verklaringen voor intergenerationele criminaliteit: statische versus dynamische theorieën

Summary Static versus dynamic theories as explanations for intergenerational transmission of crime. Parental criminal behaviour exerts a substantial impact on offspring criminal behaviour. Unfortunately however, the explanation for the intergenerational transmission of crime remains unclear. To compare and contrast two possible explanations, we address the question of whether the timing of a father’s criminal acts predicts the likelihood that his children commit crime. According to static theories, the total number of criminal acts rather than the exact timing influences the likelihood of offspring criminal behaviour. According to dynamic theories, timing is crucial and children are more likely to engage in criminal behaviour after fathers have committed criminal acts. Results show that the total number of delinquent acts is an important predictor, and also that the exact timing plays an important role. In the year the father has been convicted, the likelihood that the child commits crime increases substantially and decays in the following years at a slower rate the more crimes the father has committed. Our results show that the rigorous assumptions of static theories require nuancing.

When does the apple fall from a tree?

Criminal behavior of parents substantially affects the criminal behavior of children. Little is known, however, about how crime is transmitted from one generation to the next. In order to test two possible explanations against each other, we pose the question whether the timing of the criminal acts of fathers is important for children’s chances of committing crime. Static theories predict that it is the number of delinquent acts performed by fathers that is important, and that the particular timing does not affect the child’s chance of committing crime. Dynamic theories state that the timing is important, and children have a greater chance of committing crime in the period after fathers have committed delinquent acts. Results show that the total number of convictions of a father is indeed very important, but also the exact timing is key to understanding intergenerational transmission of crime. In the year a father is convicted the chance his child is also convicted increases substantially and it decays in subsequent years. This decay takes longer the more crimes father has committed. Our results show that some of the assumptions of the static theories at least need to be adjusted.

Using algebraic reconstruction in computed tomography

Spectral Computed Tomography (spectral CT) is a newly emerging, medical imaging modality. It extends CT by acquiring multiple datasets over different x-ray energy bins. As the x-ray absorption of materials is energy dependent, the energy bins together provide significantly more information about the composition of the subject. To exploit the full potential of spectral CT, there are many new image processing challenges including reconstruction, material decomposition, and visualization. This paper introduces the development of a unique reconstruction algorithm which fully exploits the nature of spectral CT data. A small application called mART was developed which implements a standard Simultaneous Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (SART). mART will form the basis for future research and development. We demonstrate that in its current form it produces reconstructions of superior quality to the commercial reconstruction package Octopus CT which is the standard software adopted by our team. In addition, future plans for the reconstruction algorithm will be discussed

Echocardiographic Assessment of Embryonic and Fetal Mouse Heart Development: A Focus on Haemodynamics and Morphology

Cardiolog

Familie-enquête Nederlandse bevolking 2003

Life course and life situation of the Dutch population. Family of origin, educational career, labor market career, family formation, residential career, income, religion, values, leisure time behavior, cultural and material consumption, life satisfaction, health. Longitudinal survey. Also available in EASY: Familie-enquête Nederlandse bevolking / Family Survey Dutch Population 1992-1993, 1998, 2000 and 200