359 research outputs found
Study of awareness of pharmacists about their work in the pharmacovigilance system in Ukraine and their professional activity
The role of the pharmacists in providing information on cases of adverse reactions (ARs) and/or lack of effectiveness of drugs in the Pharmacovigilance (PhV) Department of Ukraine is very important.
Objective: Assessment of the level of pharmacists' awareness about regulatory documents (RDs) regulating their duties to provide information about ARs and/or lack of effectiveness of drugs and their activity in this area.
The questionnaire for pharmacists was developed and used, the first seven questions of which were aimed at identifying pharmacists' awareness of their duties to provide information to the Department of PhV at the State Expert Center of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine about ARs and/or lack of effectiveness of drugs and their activity in filling the «Cards-message». Questioning of 70 pharmacists with different work experience (WE): 1‒5 years (12%), 5‒10 years (31%) and 10‒25 years (57%) was conducted.
50% of pharmacists with 1‒5 years WE, 64% of pharmacists with 5‒10 years WE and 75% of pharmacists with 10‒25 years WE know about obligation to provide information about ARs and/or lack of effectiveness of drugs. Only 9% of pharmacists with 5‒10 years WE independently filled and sent the «Card-message» to the department of PhV, in most cases pharmacists give the filled form to the head of the pharmacy.
Regardless of WE duration, the majority of pharmacists are aware the information about their responsibilities to provide reports about ARs and/or lack of drugs efficacy in the department of PhV and know the RDs that regulates this process. The inadequate activity of pharmacy workers to provide information about ARs and/or lack of effectiveness of drugs can be largely due to the low organization of this process at the pharmacy level and the conservatism of pharmacists with longer WE. It is advisable to increase the effectiveness of detection of ARs and/or lack of effectiveness of drugs due to activity of pharmacists in the conditions of pharmacy in Ukraine. Such professional activity of pharmacists helps to improve the quality of pharmaceutical care to the population of Ukraine
Luminescence evidence for bulk and surface excitons in free xenon clusters
Cathodoluminescence spectra of free xenon clusters produced by condensation
of xenon-argon gas mixtures in supersonic jets expanding into vacuum were
studied. By varying initial experimental parameters, including xenon
concentration, we could obtain clusters with a xenon core (300-3500 atoms)
covered by an argon outer shell as well as shell-free xenon clusters (about
1500 atoms). The cluster size and temperature (about 40 K for both cases) were
measured electronographically. Luminescence bands evidencing the existence of
bulk and surface excitons were detected for shell-free xenon clusters. The
emission from bulk excitons in small clusters is supposed to be due to
processes of their multiple elastic reflections from the xenon-vacuum
interface. A presence of an argon shell causes extinction of the excitonic
bands. In addition, some new bands were found which have no analogs for bulk
xenon cryosamples.Comment: The final modified version will be published in Phys. Rev. A 76
(2007
Particle spectrum in the modified NMSSM in the strong Yukawa coupling limit
A theoretical analysis of solutions of renormalisation group equations in the
MSSM corresponding to the quasi-fixed point conditions shows that the mass of
the lightest Higgs boson in this case does not exceed . It
means that a substantial part of the parameter space of the MSSM is practically
excluded by existing experimental data from LEP II. In the NMSSM the upper
bound on the lightest Higgs boson mass reaches its maximum in the strong Yukawa
coupling regime, when Yukawa constants are considerably larger the gauge ones
on the Grand Unification scale. In this paper a particle spectrum in a simple
modification of NMSSM which leads to a self-consistent solution in the
considered region of the parameter space is studied. This model allows one to
get even for comparatively low values of . For an analysis of the Higgs boson spectrum and neutralino spectrum a
method for diagonalisation of mass matrices proposed formerly is used. The mass
of the lightest Higgs boson in this model does not exceed .Comment: 34 pages, 5 figures included, LaTeX 2
Rapidity and Centrality Dependence of Proton and Anti-proton Production from Au+Au Collisions at sqrt(sNN) = 130GeV
We report on the rapidity and centrality dependence of proton and anti-proton
transverse mass distributions from Au+Au collisions at sqrt(sNN) = 130GeV as
measured by the STAR experiment at RHIC. Our results are from the rapidity and
transverse momentum range of |y|<0.5 and 0.35 <p_t<1.00GeV/c. For both protons
and anti-protons, transverse mass distributions become more convex from
peripheral to central collisions demonstrating characteristics of collective
expansion. The measured rapidity distributions and the mean transverse momenta
versus rapidity are flat within |y|<0.5. Comparisons of our data with results
from model calculations indicate that in order to obtain a consistent picture
of the proton(anti-proton) yields and transverse mass distributions the
possibility of pre-hadronic collective expansion may have to be taken into
account.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, submitted to PR
Субпопуляционный состав опухоль-инфильтрирующих лимфоцитов при раннем и местнораспространенном тройном негативном раке молочной железы и его влияние на эффективность неоадъювантной химиотерапии
Recent studies have shown that triple-negative breast cancer (TN BC) is characterized by the highest mutational load and immunogenicity compared to other subtypes, as well as the degree of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) infiltration, which play an important role in the development of antitumor immunity and treatment response. A significant disadvantage of the standard immunohistochemical method for determining TILs is the inability to fully assess the subpopulation structure of the immune infiltration, including minor populations.Aim: The evaluation of the subpopulations of breast cancer lymphoid infiltration in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and its influence on achieving a complete pathomorphological response (pCR = RCB 0).Materials and methods: The study included 90 patients who received NACT in following regimen: AC (doxorubicin 60 mg/m2 + cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2) every 2 weeks, followed by 12 weekly infusions of paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 + carboplatin AUC2. The TILs subpopulations were evaluated in core-biopsy samples prior to the NACT in all patients. The analysis performed by flow cytofluorimetry. Clinical and immunological analysis was performed for the following 9 lymphocyte subpopulations: CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, CD4+CD25highCD127– / low, CD3–CD19+, CD3–CD16+CD56+, CD3+CD16+CD56+, CD4+CD25+, CD8+CD279+, CD4+CD279+.Results: The frequency of pCR was 51,1 %. The total TILs content in groups with pCR and non-pCR (RCB 0 vs RCB I–III) did not differ statistically (p = 0.271). The subpopulations analysis for CD3+CD8+, CD3–CD16+CD56+, CD3+CD16+CD56+, CD3+CD4+, CD3–CD19+, CD4+CD25+, CD4+CD25highCD127– / low and CD4+CD279+ revealed no statistically significant differences between the median values in the groups with pCR and non-pCR. A study of the CD8+CD279+ population showed a higher level of these cells in patients achieved pCR / RCB 0 (median 18,6 % vs 12,3 % with RCB I–III) (p = 0.033). With CD8+CD279+ above the median (high, > Me), the pCR frequency was 61 % vs 35 % in the subgroup with CD8+CD279+ less than or equal to the median (low, ≤Me). Despite the absence of statistically significant differences in the content of CD3+CD16+CD56+(NKT-cells) in groups with pCR and non-pCR (p = 0.091), numerical differences in medians were revealed: 9,9 % and 8,3 %, respectively. At the same time, with CD3+CD16+CD56+(NKT) > Me (high), the pCR frequency was 63 % vs 36 % in the subgroup with CD3+CD16+CD56 + ≤Me (low). When selecting a narrow subgroup (CD8+CD279+ high and CD3+CD16+CD56+ high), the frequency of pCR was 87,5 % vs 27,3 % in the group with both low indicators.Conclusion: The high content of CD8+CD279+ and CD3+CD16+CD56+ in the tumor sample before the treatment start was a predictor of high sensitivity to NACT and is associated with a higher frequency of pCR.Исследования последних лет показали, что тройной-негативный рак молочной железы (ТН РМЖ) характеризуется наибольшей мутационной нагрузкой и иммуногенностью по сравнению с другими молекулярно-генетическими подтипами, а также более высокой степенью инфильтрации опухоль-инфильтрирующими лимфоцитами (tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes — TILs), которые играют важнейшую роль в формирования противоопухолевого иммунитета и реализации ответа на лечение. Существенным недостатком стандартного иммуногистохимического метода определения TILs является невозможность полноценной оценки субпопуляционного состава иммунного инфильтрата, в том числе его минорных популяций.Целью данного исследования было изучение субпопуляционного состава лимфоидного инфильтрата при ТН РМЖ у пациентов, получавших неоадъювантную химиотерапию (НАХТ), и его влияние на достижение полного патоморфологического ответа на лечение (pCR = RCB 0).Материалы и методы: В исследование включено 90 пациенток с первично-операбельным (40 %) и неоперабельным местнораспространенным (60 %) ТН РМЖ, получавших НАХТ по схеме: АС 1 раз в 2 недели, далее 12 еженедельных введений паклитаксел 80 мг/м2 + карбоплатин AUC2. Субпопуляционный состав TILs оценивался в образцах core-биопсии до начала НАХТ у всех больных. Анализ осуществлялся методом проточной цитофлуориметрии. Проведена клинико-иммунологическая оценка по следующим девяти субпопуляциям лимфоцитов: CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, CD4+CD25highCD127–/low, CD3–CD19+, CD3–CD16+CD56+, CD3+CD16+CD56+, CD4+CD25+, CD8+CD279+, CD4+CD279+.Результаты: Частота pCR составила 51,1 %. Общее содержание TILs в группах с полным и неполным патоморфозом (RCB 0 против RCB I–III) статистически не различалось (р = 0,271). При анализе субпопуляционного состава для популяций CD3+CD8+, CD3–CD16+CD56+, CD3+CD16+CD56+, CD3+CD4+, CD3–CD19+, CD4+CD25+, CD4+CD25highCD127–/low и CD4+CD279+ не было выявлено статистически значимых различий между медианными значениями в группах с полным и неполным патоморфозом. При исследовании популяции CD8+CD279+ выявлен более высокий уровень данных клеток у пациентов, достигших pCR / RCB 0 (медиана 18,6 % против 12,3 % при RCB I–III) (р = 0,033). При уровне CD8+CD279+ выше медианы (high) частота pCR составила 61,1 % против 35 % в подгруппе c содержанием CD8+CD279+ менее или равно медианы (low). Несмотря на отсутствие статистически значимых различий в содержании CD3+CD16+CD56+ (NKT-клеток) в группах с полным и неполным патоморфозом (р = 0,091), были выявлены численные различия в медианах: 9,9 % и 8,3 % соответственно. При уровне CD3+CD16+CD56+(NKT) выше медианы (high) частота pCR составила 63 % против 35,7 % в подгруппе c содержанием CD3+CD16+CD56+ менее или равно медианы (low). При выделении узкой подгруппы (CD8+CD279+ high и CD3+CD16+CD56+ high) частота полных патоморфологических регрессий в ней составила 87,5 % против 27,3 % при низких обоих показателях.Вывод: Таким образом, исходное высокое содержание CD8+CD279+ и CD3+CD16+CD56+ в опухоли явилось предиктором высокой чувствительности к НАХТ и ассоциировалось с большей частотой полных патоморфологических ответов
Measurement of the 2νββ decay half-life of 150Nd and a search for 0νββ decay processes with the full exposure from the NEMO-3 detector
We present results from a search for neutrinoless double-β (0νββ) decay using 36.6 g of the isotope
150Nd with data corresponding to a live time of 5.25 y recorded with the NEMO-3 detector. We construct a
complete background model for this isotope, including a measurement of the two-neutrino double-β decay
half-life of T2ν
1=2 ¼ ½9.34 0.22ðstatÞ þ0.62 −0.60 ðsystÞ × 1018 y for the ground state transition, which represents
the most precise result to date for this isotope. We perform a multivariate analysis to search for 0νββ decays
in order to improve the sensitivity and, in the case of observation, disentangle the possible underlying decay
mechanisms. As no evidence for 0νββ decay is observed, we derive lower limits on half-lives for several mechanisms involving physics beyond the standard model. The observed lower limit, assuming light
Majorana neutrino exchange mediates the decay, is T0ν
1=2 > 2.0 × 1022 y at the 90% C.L., corresponding to
an upper limit on the effective neutrino mass of hmνi < 1.6–5.3 eV
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