Synthesis of pyromellitic acid esters

The ester acids necessary for studyng the thermochemical properties of pyromellitic acid (PMK)-based peroxides were investigated. Obtaining a tetramethyl ester of a PMK was described. The mechanism of an esterification reaction is discussed, as is the complete esterification of PMK with primary alcohol

Neuropsychological approach to the diagnosis and prevention of deviant behavior

The article is concerned with the main issues of the prevention system of deviant behavior among adolescents in Russia. The necessity of studying the nature of deviant behavior in order to optimize preventive measures is also substantiated. The article gives the description of the results of the study of some neuropsychological pre-requisites found in the functional 10symmetry manifestation, with personality attributes, including the temporal perspective specialities as an indicator of personal maturity / immaturit

Asymptotic analysis of MMPP/M/1 retrial queueing system with unreliable server

In this paper, we study a single-server retrial queueing system with arrival Markov Modulated Poisson Process and an exponential law of the service time on an unreliable server. If the server is idle, an arrival customer occupies it for the servicing. When the server is busy, a customer goes into the orbit and waits a random time distributed exponentially. It is assumed that the server is unreliable, so it may fail. The server’s repairing and working times are exponentially distributed. The method of asymptotic analysis is proposed to find the stationary distribution of the number of customers in the orbit. It is shown that the asymptotic probability distribution under the condition of a long delay has the Gaussian form with obtained parameters

From a forecasting methodology for the electric energy consumption of mono-towns to its sustainability

The need of Russia for a resource-innovative energy strategy for the period up to 2035 makes it urgent to create a methodology of strategic forecasting for the electric energy consumption of mono-towns, which will result in the efficient development of a power supply system, ensuring territories’ sustainability. For this purpose, it is necessary to consider a mono-town as a complete system, a living organism with a definite life cycle and structure of energy consumers. The authors offer a technocoenosis approach to carry out the ranking and structural analysis of the electric energy consumption of one of the Sverdlovsk region’s mono-towns, taking into account dynamics in population, enterprises, organizations and institutions for the period of 5 years. The provided analysis makes it possible to judge the technocoenosis optimality using characteristic exponent β, depending on the structural features of the territory. The authors developed an algorithm for electric energy consumption forecasting, based on Support Vector Machines (SVM), which takes into account the electric energy of mono-towns’ consumers and the climatic factors. Forecasting accuracy was achieved using cross-validation of the input data in order to optimize the training model. The corresponding changes in electric energy consumption, when a characteristic exponent is optimal, will result in a target forecast that provides the sustainable development of mono-towns. © 2014 WIT Press.International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning;WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environmen

USE OF THREE-COMPONENT LEVODOPA (LEVODOPA/CARBIDOPA/ENTACAPONE) TO CORRECT NOCTURNAL SYMPTOMS OF PARKINSON,S DISEASE

Objective: to describe a clinical case of late-stage Parkinson’s disease (PD) with nocturnal symptoms and fluctuations and to present successful experience in using the three-component drug Stalevo (levodopa/carbidopa/entacapone) as a single dose prior to sleep. Patient V. aged 72 years took medical advice at the Department of Neurology, Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, for complaints of constrained movements, inability to turn in bed independently, painful muscle cramps, light sleep with nocturnal awakenings, and frequent (5–6 times) urinations at night. The first symptoms of the disease appeared 12 years ago when the patient began to notice sluggishness, altered handwriting, and clumsiness during small movements of the right hand. By taking into account symptoms (obvious nocturnal akinesia, overactive bladder, sleep disorders, and cramps) and the results of his examination, the patient was diagnosed with the akinetic-rigid form of PD (4 Hoehn-Yarh scores). Therapy was corrected as follows: the dose of amantadine remained the same (300 mg); its last administration is recommended to be at 16:00; the daily dose of levodopa was 700 mg; that of levodopa/benserazide was 550 mg/day (1 tablet × 3/4 tablet × 1 tablet). The evening intake of levodopa was changed for that of the three-component drug Stalevo (levodopa 150 mg/ carbidopa 37.5 mg/entacapone 200 mg). Results. After 3 months, the patient was observed to have significant health improvement: reduced nocturnal and morning akinesia, better gait, a considerably smaller number of nocturnal urinations (less than once per night), regression of painful calf muscle cramps, and improved sleep. Conclusion. The three-component drug Stalevo (levodopa/carbidopa/entacapone) is effective in treating late-stage PD. Its use as a single dose before going to bed has led to regressive nocturnal symptoms, better sleep, and lower motor fluctuations

Questions of Justification of State Policy Regulation of Production and Consumption of Socially Dangerous Goods and Services

The purpose of the study is to substantiate a reasonable balance between the interests of consumers and different segments of society in the process of production and consumption of socially dangerous goods and services and to develop recommendations for improving state policy in this area. Various points of view on the solution of the problem are analyzed. Possible options of further strategy of regulation of consumption of this group of goods and services on the example of tobacco products are considered. The methods and mechanisms of regulation that ensure both the protection of public health and the rights of consumers are characterized