ISPITIVANJE MESNATOSTI TRUPOVA BROJLERA

Na mesnatost trupova brojlera utiče veliki broj različitih faktora kao što su:genetika, ishrana, starost i pol jedinke, uslovi držanja, kao i postmortalni faktori- postupak obrade trupova i način hlađenja. Cilj rada bio je ispitivanje mesnatostitrupova na osnovu masa vrednijih delova trupa brojlera (grudi i bataka sakarabatakom) tri različite provenijencije i njihovo učešće u istom. Prosečne masegrudi i bataka sa karabatakom unutar tri ispitivane provenijencije brojlera bilesu u većini slučajeva poređenja statistički značajno različite. Najveće prosečnemase kao i najveće učešće mesa u grudima odnosno, bataku sa karabatakomutvrđen je kod brojlera provenijencije Cobb, zatim Ross, a najmanje kod brojleraprovenijencije Hubbard

Hydroxybenzothiazoles as New Nonsteroidal Inhibitors of 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 (17β-HSD1)

17β-estradiol (E2), the most potent estrogen in humans, known to be involved in the development and progession of estrogen-dependent diseases (EDD) like breast cancer and endometriosis. 17β-HSD1, which catalyses the reduction of the weak estrogen estrone (E1) to E2, is often overexpressed in breast cancer and endometriotic tissues. An inhibition of 17β-HSD1 could selectively reduce the local E2-level thus allowing for a novel, targeted approach in the treatment of EDD. Continuing our search for new nonsteroidal 17β-HSD1 inhibitors, a novel pharmacophore model was derived from crystallographic data and used for the virtual screening of a small library of compounds. Subsequent experimental verification of the virtual hits led to the identification of the moderately active compound 5. Rigidification and further structure modifications resulted in the discovery of a novel class of 17β-HSD1 inhibitors bearing a benzothiazole-scaffold linked to a phenyl ring via keto- or amide-bridge. Their putative binding modes were investigated by correlating their biological data with features of the pharmacophore model. The most active keto-derivative 6 shows IC50-values in the nanomolar range for the transformation of E1 to E2 by 17β-HSD1, reasonable selectivity against 17β-HSD2 but pronounced affinity to the estrogen receptors (ERs). On the other hand, the best amide-derivative 21 shows only medium 17β-HSD1 inhibitory activity at the target enzyme as well as fair selectivity against 17β-HSD2 and ERs. The compounds 6 and 21 can be regarded as first benzothiazole-type 17β-HSD1 inhibitors for the development of potential therapeutics

Domain-specific and total sedentary behaviors associated with psychological distress in older adults

Lovro Štefan,1 Mario Baić,2 Goran Sporiš,1 Damir Pekas,2 Nikola Starčević21Faculty of Kinesiology, Department of General and Applied Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 2Faculty of Kinesiology, Department of Sport Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, CroatiaPurpose: Time spent in sedentary behaviors has become a major public health problem, affecting both physical and mental conditions, which is regularly evident in older adults. The aim of this study was to explore the association between each domain-specific sedentary behavior (screen-time, leisure-time sedentary behavior and transport) and total sedentary behavior (sum of all indicators) with “high” psychological distress among older individuals.Patients and methods: In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 810 participants aged ≥85 (16% men) from 6 neighborhoods in the city of Zagreb. We used Measure of Older Adults’ Sedentary Time sedentary behavior questionnaire to assess the time spent in a specific domain of sedentary behavior and Kessler K6 scale to assess the level of psychological distress. Participants who had a score ≥13 points were treated as those with “high” psychological distress. Generalized estimating equations with Poisson regression models and risk ratios were used to calculate the association.Results: After adjusting for sex, body mass index, sleep quality, self-rated health, material status, physical activity, diet and chronic diseases, participants categorized in the second, third and fourth quartile of screen-time, in the fourth quartile of leisure-time sedentary behavior and in the third and fourth quartile of total sedentary behavior were less likely to have “high” psychological distress. However, participants categorized in the fourth quartile of transport were more likely to have “high” psychological distress.Conclusion: Our study shows that more time spent in front of screens, leisure and in total sedentary behavior is associated with lower levels, while more time spent in transport is associated with higher levels of psychological distress, pointing out that the aforementioned associations remained even after adjusting for variables describing “general” physical health. Thus, strategies aiming to reduce the time spent in passive transport and enhance active transport in a sample of older adults are warranted.Keywords: geriatrics, mental health, sitting, associations, generalized estimating equation

Психологічні стани висококваліфікованих спортсменів у різних країнах

Modern sport characterized as important part of human society. Among different kinds of sport the wrestling is popular and spectacularity especially in younger’s people. In last ten years the Olympic wrestling changes the competition rules. All of this changes concern the higher of intensiveness of wrestling fights. Due of this process the optimization of training preparedness of wrestlers is very topical. The scientific and methodic support is a key component of the system preparedness of elite wrestlers. The main parts of scientific support of elite wrestlers are includes: functional, psychological and technical preparedness. The main tasks of psychological support of training process of elite wrestlers are: diagnostics of psychological condition, correction of negative conditions and psychology accompany of competition activity.Сучасний спорт характеризується як важлива частина людського суспільства. Серед різних видів спорту боротьба користується популярністю та видовищністю, особливо у молоді. За останні десять років олімпійська боротьба змінила правила змагань. Усі ці зміни стосуються підвищення інтенсивності боротьби. У зв’язку з цим оптимізація тренувальної підготовленості борців є дуже актуальною. Науково-методичне забезпечення є ключовим компонентом системної підготовки борців вищого рівня. До основних складових наукового супроводу борців вищого рівня входять: функціональна, психологічна та технічна підготовленість. Основними завданнями психологічного супроводу тренувального процесу спортсменів високого рівня є: діагностика психологічного стану, корекція негативних станів та психологічного супроводу змагальної діяльності

Adiposity Effects of Centrally Administered Ghrelin in Aged Rats

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Adiposity Effects of Centrally Administered Ghrelin in Aged Rats

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Histomorphometric features of ventral prostate in different aged rats after central ghrelin treatment

Ghrelin, the endogenous ligand of growth hormone secretagogue receptor type la (GHS-R1a), has emerged as pleiotropic modulator of diverse biological functions, including energy homeostasis and recently, reproduction. The influence of intracerebroventricularly (ICV) administered ghrelin (1 mu g/day/rat for 5 days) to rats of different ages, i.e., peripubertal (38 days), adult (60 days) and middle-aged (180 days) on the ventral prostate size and morphology, serum testosterone levels and testis weight was examined. Ghrelin treatment significantly increased (p < 0.05) absolute ventral prostate weight in peripubertal and middle-aged rats, by 27% and 37% respectively, due to enhancement of epithelial and/or luminal compartment of the gland. In adult rats, both absolute and relative volumes of the acinar lumen were significantly decreased (p < 0.05), by 38% and 44% respectively, which was associated with significant increases (p < 0.05) in relative and absolute volumes of interacinar stroma, whereas ventral prostate weigh was unchanged. Irrespective of animal age, ghrelin did not affect serum testosterone levels. These are the first results of ghrelin treatment effects on healthy prostate appearance, which allow us to conclude that the rat ventral prostate response to ghrelin depends on the developmental stage of animals. Our results merit further investigations and may have clinical implications, especially in the light of data on possible role of ghrelin in prostate hypertrophy and adenomas.Ministry of Education and Science of Republic of Serbia [III 41025, ON 173009

The effects of centrally applied ghrelin on appetite and metabolic parameters during aging

The main purpose of this study was to evaluate specifically, ingestive behavior and bloodborne indicators of metabolic status, after daily intracerebroventricular (ICV) ghrelin injections, in rats of different ages. Four age ranges were tested: peripubertal (similar to 38 days), young (similar to 2 months), adult (similar to 7 months) and middle-aged (similar to 11 months). Multiple variables were measured, including body weight (BW), food and water intake (F, WI), and terminal blood levels of triglycerides (Tg), cholesterol (Chol), free fatty acids (FFA) and glucose (Glu). Five daily ICV injections of ghrelin or saline were administered (n = 8/group, 0.15 nmol of ghrelin in 5 mu L) to rats of different ages. After 5 days of treatment, ICV ghrelin resulted in an increased (p LT 0.05) absolute and relative BW, FI, WI and in elevated blood levels of Chol, Tg, and FFA as well, while blood Glu levels were decreased (p LT 0.05) within each of the four age-matched groups. Differences (p LT 0.05) in ghrelin effects over the ages included the following: relative FI was higher in 2 younger groups vs 2 older ones. Relative WI was higher in 2 younger groups vs 2 older ones. Tg, Chol and FFA in the oldest rats, both control and treated, were higher than corresponding values at the other 3 ages. The youngest age group had the lowest Glu after ghrelin