Oxidation Chemistry of 3,7-Dimethylxanthine - a Central Behavioural Stimulant at Solid Electrodes

The electrochemical oxidation of 3,7-dimethylxanthine has been studied in the pH range 2.1-10.7 at pyrolytic graphite, platinum and glassy carbon electrodes. The electrooxidation of 3,7-dimethylxanthine at solid electrodes proceeds in a single 4e, 4H+ pH dependent step to give a diimine species which decomposes in Chemical followup steps. The UV absorbing intermediate generated during electrooxidation of 3,7-dimethylxanthine decayed approximately at the same rate as that of xanthine and followed the first order kinetics. The products of electrooxidation of 3,7-dimethylxanthine were characterized and a reaction scheme is suggested to explain their formation. The effect of introducing methyl groups into the electrooxidation of xanthine is also presented

A Novel Room-Based Epidemic Model: Quarantine, Testing, and Vaccination Strategies

Epidemic outbreaks pose significant challenges to public health and socio-economic stability, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of disease transmission dynamics and effective control strategies. This article discusses the limitations of traditional compartmental and network-based models and, inspired by the opinion formation models, introduces a room-based model that incorporates social gatherings and intuitive quarantine measures. Through simulations and analysis, we examine the impact of various model parameters, and confinement measures like quarantine and preventive measures like testing, and vaccination on disease spread. Additionally, we explore centrality-based testing and immunization strategies, demonstrating their effectiveness in reducing the spread of diseases compared to a random approach. Finally, we propose a combined strategy, that outperforms the existing strategies. It takes both global and local properties of the network structure into account, highlighting the potential for integrated control measures in epidemic management. This research not only contributes to a deeper understanding of epidemic models, but also provides insights into devising successful intervention strategies, including quarantine measures, testing methodologies, and vaccine programs to combat emerging epidemics and pandemic

Infectious diseases and immunity: special reference to major histocompatibility complex.

Human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) are an inherent system of alloantigens, which are the products of genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). These genes span a region of approximately 4 centimorgans on the short arm of human chromosome 6 at band p 21.3 and encode the HLA class I and class II antigens, which play a central role in cell-to-cell interaction in the immune system. These antigens interact with the antigen-specific cell surface receptors of T lymphocytes (TCR) thus causing activation of the lymphocytes and the resulting immune response. Class I antigens restrict cytotoxic T-cell (CD8+) function thus killing viral infected targets, while class II antigens are involved in presentation of exogenous antigens to T-helper cells (CD4+) by antigen presenting cells (APC). The APC processes the antigens, and the immunogenic peptide is then presented at the cell surface along with the MHC molecule for recognition by the TCR. Since the MHC molecules play a central role in regulating the immune response, they may have an important role in controlling resistance and susceptibility to diseases. In this review we have highlighted studies conducted to look for an association between HLA and infectious diseases; such studies have had a variable degree of success because the pathogenesis of different diseases varies widely, and most diseases have a polygenic etiology

Zone Melting Studies of Organic Eutectic Mixtures: Naphthalene-Catechol & Naphthalene-p-Chloronitrobenzene Systems

819-82

Organic Solid State Reactions: Part II- Kinetics of 8-Hydroxyquinoline with Maleic Anhydride, Succinic Anhydride, Phthalic Anhydride, Catechol & Resorcinol

941-94

Optical, Thermal and Topological Characterization of Quaternary Se65Ge15Te20-aSba Chalcogenide Glasses

Se-Te based chalcogenide glasses have been found suitable for optical memory devices due to their distinct amorphous-to-crystalline transformation. In the present work alloys of Se65Ge15Te20-aSba (a = 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18) glasses have been synthesized using melt quench technique. Author report investigations leading to optical, thermal and topological properties of these glasses by varying the concentrations of Te and Sb. Glass transition and crystallization kinetics of alloys have been investigated using differential thermal analysis at different heating rates (5, 10, 15, and 20 Kmin-1). The results so obtained verify the usefulness of above composition

Multi-band superconductivity and nanoscale inhomogeneity at oxide interfaces

The two-dimensional electron gas at the LaTiO3/SrTiO3 or LaAlO3/SrTiO3 oxide interfaces becomes superconducting when the carrier density is tuned by gating. The measured resistance and superfluid density reveal an inhomogeneous superconductivity resulting from percolation of filamentary structures of superconducting "puddles" with randomly distributed critical temperatures, embedded in a non-superconducting matrix. Following the evidence that superconductivity is related to the appearance of high-mobility carriers, we model intra-puddle superconductivity by a multi-band system within a weak coupling BCS scheme. The microscopic parameters, extracted by fitting the transport data with a percolative model, yield a consistent description of the dependence of the average intra-puddle critical temperature and superfluid density on the carrier density.Comment: 7 pages with 3 figures + supplemental material (4 pages and 5 figures

Experimental investigation of ball bearing lubrication conditions by shock pulse method

Lubricant (grease) is a vital requirement of ball bearing system. Grease not only protects ball bearing from wear and tear but performs various other functions that are essential for proper functioning of ball bearings. The lubricant (grease) under different conditions attains different properties which in turn affect the performance of the ball bearings. The effect of the condition of the lubricants on the performance of the ball bearings is well documented. the work reports about the investigation of ball bearing using shock pulse method by using two different instruments (Tester T2000 Model and Shock Pulse Meter 43A) of different operating conditions of ball bearing the condition such as used the quantity of grease as different percentage (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) and bad quality grease (burn grease) at different rpm at a fixed load (10kg) and compare the normalized shock pulse value (dB) at different operating conditions. This method uses a piezo-electric accelerometer superimposed electrically as well as mechanically to about 32 kHz of resonant frequency. The result will help in bearing related to quantity as well as quality condition based maintenance choosing the optimum conditions for detecting the lubricant problem in ball bearing