Removal of metal ions by polyelectrolyte ultrafiltration. Wastewater treatment

Ultrafiltration based on the use of co-polyelectrolytes bearing carboxyl, sulfonate, and tertiary amino groups was used to investigate removal of divalent ions from aq. solns. The efficiency of metal sepn. was evaluated for model solns. of Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, and CrO42-, and exceeded 99.9% in the runs involving co-polyelectrolytes with carboxyl groups. Industrial wastewater was treated by the suggested technique; its applicability in environmental protection was also demonstrated. [on SciFinder (R)

Removal of metal ions by polyelectrolyte ultrafiltration. Wastewater treatment

Ultrafiltration based on the use of co-polyelectrolytes bearing carboxyl, sulfonate, and tertiary amino groups was used to investigate removal of divalent ions from aq. solns. The efficiency of metal sepn. was evaluated for model solns. of Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, and CrO42-, and exceeded 99.9% in the runs involving co-polyelectrolytes with carboxyl groups. Industrial wastewater was treated by the suggested technique; its applicability in environmental protection was also demonstrated. [on SciFinder (R)

DYSPROSIUM DOPED CALCIUM GERMANATE (CA2GеO4) AS A CANDIDATE FOR LED APPLICATION

Powder samples of Ca2GeO4 doped with 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 at% Dy3+ were prepared using conventional solid state synthesis technique. XRD analyses show obtaining of the pure phase at all dopant concentrations. Emission and excitation spectra contain the characteristic peaks of Dy3+ ion. The Dy3+ excitation spectrum in the range from 300 to 500 nm show characteristic transitions of Dy3+, attributed to the f–f transitions. The strongest peak is located at 348 nm corresponding to the 6H15/2 →6P7/2 transition. In the luminescent spectra the two emission peaks of Dy3+ appears at 483 nm (4F5/2 →6H15/2 transition) corresponding to blue color and at 575 nm (4F5/2→6H13/2 transition) corresponding to yellow one. CIE coordinates of the samples show different emission colors in the yellow region depending on the active ion concentration. The obtained results confirm that as prepared dysprosium doped materials could be used as yellow phosphors

Identifying the Influence of the Polymer Matrix Type on the Structure Formation of Microcomposites When They Are Filled with Copper Particles

Studies were carried out to establish the mechanisms of structure formation during crystallization of polymer composites based on polyethylene, polypropylene or polycarbonate filled with copper microparticles. The researches were executed using a technique, the first stage of which consisted in the experimental determination of crystallization exotherms of composites, and the second – in the theoretical analysis based on the obtained exotherms of the structure formation characteristics. A complex of studies on determination of crystallization exotherms for investigated microcomposites was carried out. The regularities of the cooling rate influence of composites, the method of their production and the mass fraction of filler on the temperature level of the beginning and ending of crystallization, the maximum value of the reduced heat flux, etc. were established. It is shown that for the applied methods of obtaining composites the increase of their cooling rate causes the decrease of the indicated temperatures and heat flux. It is established that the value of the mass fraction of the filler has a less significant effect on the characteristics of the crystallization process.The regularities of structure formation of polymer composites at the initial stage of crystallization with the involvement of data on crystallization exotherms and nucleation equations are investigated. The presence of planar and three-dimensional mechanisms of structure formation at this stage has been established. It is shown that the ratio of these mechanisms is influenced by the type of polymer matrix and the method of obtaining composites.For the second stage of crystallization, which occurs in the entire volume of the composite, the results of experiments on crystallization exotherms were analyzed on the basis of the Kolmogorov-Avrami equation. It is shown that the structure formation of polyethylene-based composites occurs by the three-dimensional mechanism, and on the basis of polypropylene and polycarbonate – by the mechanism of the stressed matri

Direct haplotype-resolved 5-base HiFi sequencing for genome-wide profiling of hypermethylation outliers in a rare disease cohort

Abstract Long-read HiFi genome sequencing allows for accurate detection and direct phasing of single nucleotide variants, indels, and structural variants. Recent algorithmic development enables simultaneous detection of CpG methylation for analysis of regulatory element activity directly in HiFi reads. We present a comprehensive haplotype resolved 5-base HiFi genome sequencing dataset from a rare disease cohort of 276 samples in 152 families to identify rare (~0.5%) hypermethylation events. We find that 80% of these events are allele-specific and predicted to cause loss of regulatory element activity. We demonstrate heritability of extreme hypermethylation including rare cis variants associated with short (~200 bp) and large hypermethylation events (>1 kb), respectively. We identify repeat expansions in proximal promoters predicting allelic gene silencing via hypermethylation and demonstrate allelic transcriptional events downstream. On average 30–40 rare hypermethylation tiles overlap rare disease genes per patient, providing indications for variation prioritization including a previously undiagnosed pathogenic allele in DIP2B causing global developmental delay. We propose that use of HiFi genome sequencing in unsolved rare disease cases will allow detection of unconventional diseases alleles due to loss of regulatory element activity

Real-time monitor on the release of salicylic acid from chitosan gel beads by means of dielectric spectroscopy

The release processes of salicylic acid (SA) from the chitosan gel beads (CGB) with different crosslinking densities were monitored in real time by means of dielectric spectroscopy. Distinct dielectric relaxations attributed to interfacial polarization were observed, which exhibited obvious dependences on the crosslinking density and the release time. In line with Hanai's equation, the properties of CGB and release media were quantitatively determined from the dielectric profiles. Based on these properties and dielectric behaviors, the release profiles were analyzed. It was found that only the dispersion of CGB with the lowest crosslinking density exhibited release behavior, while other dispersions showed an obvious adsorption process following a burst of drug diffusion. The total loading and release amount of SA were determined and compared, and the influence of crosslinking degree on the drug loading and release was discussed. In addition, the release behavior was confirmed to be diffusionally controlled, and the diffusion coefficient of SA was determined