An Outbreak of Malaria in a Surgical Ward : Possibility of Mechanical Transmission

Penularan malaria pada umumnya terjadi melalui vektor yakni nyamuk Anopheles. Cara penularan lain adalah melalui transfusi darah atau secara congenital pada bayi yang baru lahir. Penularan secara me­kanis misalnya melalui alat suntik sangat jarang dijumpai. Berikut ini disajikan laporan penelitian terhadap 26 penderita malaria Plasmodium falciparum yang terjadi antara periode November 1981 sampai dengan Maret 1982 di bangsal bedah pria Rumah Sa­kit Umum Hasan Sadikin, Bandung. Hipotesa penularan melalui alat suntik/semprit ditegakkan sesudah diadakan penyelidikan epidemiologik dan entomologik. Ternyata disposable syringe di bangsal perawat­an tersebut digunakan untuk lebih dari satu penderita. Hipotesa diperkuat dengan tidak timbulnya lagi penderita setelah alat suntik hanya dipergunakan untuk satu orang penderita yang dirawat

Development of high efficiency solar cells on silicon web

Web base material is being improved with a goal toward obtaining solar cell efficiencies in excess of 18% (AM1). Carrier loss mechanisms in web silicon was investigated, techniques were developed to reduce carrier recombination in the web, and web cells were fabricated using effective surface passivation. The effect of stress on web cell performance was also investigated

Genetic relationship among Hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus) genotypes cultivars from different races based on quantitative traits and random amplified polymorphic DNA marker

Genetic improvement of the thirty Hyacinth bean cultivars from different races were evaluated using RAPD markers which is essential to enhance the crop for economically and agriculturally important traits. RAPD markers were efficient in separating cultivars according to different races. Twenty sixdecamer primers could generate a total number of 148 bands out which 70.27% (104) were polymorphic. The number of amplification products produced by each primer varied from 4 to 9 with an average of5.69 bands per primer. The size of amplified fragments ranged from 250 to 3000 bp. RAPD based dendrogram showed similarity ranged from 0.38 to 0.96. Genetic distances were concluded using Sorenson Dices similarity coefficient. The genetic relationship obtained with these markers wasdissimilar to that provided by morpho-agronomical trait. Genetically distinct cultivars were identified that could be potentially important source of germplasm for further crop improvement programme in the country

Venous thromboembolism after major gynecological cancer surgery: an analysis of cause and effect from the experience of a tertiary referral oncologic centre

Background: Patients undergoing extensive gynecological oncologic surgeries are at greater risk for developing deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism than other oncological procedures. The anatomical confinement of vessels, lymphatics, and other structures in the restrictive pelvic space is contributory. We aimed to establish the etiopathogenesis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) with our practical experience. Methods: We present our experience from a tertiary referral oncologic centre in north India in patients with ovarian cancer undergoing cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with or without HIPEC, with a focus on the incidence and etiopathogenesis of deep venous thromboembolism (DVT), including anatomical barriers, restricted movement during surgical dissection, risk stratification and preventive measures. Results: Of 250 patients who underwent cytoreductive surgery (CRS) for ovarian cancer, 124 additionally underwent hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). 20 (8%) patients were diagnosed with DVT within 30 days of surgery, and 3 (1.2%) were detected after 30 days. It is the most common significant postoperative morbidity. Conclusions: DVT is the most common postoperative complication in patients undergoing CRS+HIPEC for carcinoma ovary. Anatomical confinement, closed dependant spaces and more significant surgical trauma to pelvic vessels and lymphatics may be the leading cause. Detailed knowledge of anatomy and careful surgical dissection may prevent the development of DVT

Analisis Pengaruh Faktor Internal dan Eksternal terhadap Jumlah Kredit dan Dampaknya terhadap Non Performing Loan (Npl) pada Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (Lpd) Desa Adat di Kabupaten Gianyar

LPD di Bali merupakan Lembaga Dana dan Kredit Pedesaan (LDKP). Hampir seluruh desa adat di Bali memiliki LPD untuk menunjang perekonomian krama desa adat, terutama melalui penyaluran kredit tanpa agunan. Untuk menjaga stabilitas LPD, pengamatan terhadap pemberian kredit oleh LPD perlu dilakukan, salah satunya melalui rasio NPL yang merupakan perbandingan antara kredit tidak lancar dengan total kredit yang disalurkan. NPL maksimal yang ditetapkan BI adalah 5%. Kabupaten Gianyar merupakan salah satu Kabupaten di Provinsi Bali dengan jumlah LPD terbanyak, namun pada tahun 2011 NPL LPD di Kabupaten Gianyar telah mencapai angka 11,02%. Oleh karena itu dalam upaya mengatasi tingginya NPL LPD, perlu diperhatikan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pemberian kredit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor internal dan faktor eksternal serta kondisi calon debitur LPD terhadap jumlah kredit serta dampaknya terhadap NPL pada LPD di Kabupaten Gianyar. Data dikumpulkan dari 118 responden Kepala LPD di Kabupaten Gianyar dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Selanjutnya data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan inferensial dengan teknik Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Hasil pengujian hipotesis yang dilakukan dengan teknik SEM menunjukkan bahwa kondisi internal dan eksternal serta kondisi calon debitur LPD berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pemberian kredit. Pemberian kredit berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap NPL pada LPD di Kabupaten Gianyar