Развитие сотрудничества территориальных громад (межмуниципального сотрудничества – ММС) в условиях реализации реформы местного самоуправления

The hereby article has analyzed the issue of the territorial communities’ cooperation (intermunicipal cooperation – IMC), in particular in the framework of the on-going local self-government reform in Ukraine.It is proved justification of the researches of the notion «territorial community» as an object of the public administration science. It is also defined the main characteristics of the territorial communities’ cooperation (intermunicipal cooperation – IMC), in particular taking into account the concepts of «new public management» and «good governance». It is pointed out the particularities of the current status and further IMC evolution in Ukraine. The experience of other countries in the field of local self-government reform implementation and IMC development have been studied and systematized. It has been also analyzed the possibilities of the implementation in Ukraine of the best national and international practices in this field.The main directions of further IMC development are examined in order to ensure the implementation of the provisions of the European Charter of Local Self-Government. It is also noted that IMC represents an innovative tool for local sustainable development and municipal consolidation in Ukraine and other European countries.The benefit of the article is to highlight the main stages of IMC projects realization. The article also provides a deep analysis of key advantages and possible difficulties in IMC projects realization. It shows that IMC gives the opportunity for local authorities to unite their resources (financial, economic, perssonel etc.) for increasing the efficiency of their work and improving the quality of the municipal services to be provided for the citizens. Consequently, provision of the high quality services to the citizens became a main mission of all local public authorities in the framework of the implementation of the new public management and good governance standards on all levels. It reflects also the main European tendencies in the field of public administration reform which are fixed in the different documents of the international organizations and European institutions. By analysis of the current status of local self-government reform, the best national and international practices, the proposals on further IMC development in Ukraine are presented. Thus, the author proposed to set up more valuable and effective cooperation between the respective local public authorities, organization of the special training programmes in order to ensure further IMC development.У статті розглядаються актуальні питання розвитку співробітництва територіальних громад (міжмуніципального співробітництва – ММС) в умовах реалізації реформи місцевого самоврядування в Україні. Зазначено, що ММС є інноваційним інструментом забезпечення муніципальної консолідації, а також сталого місцевого розвитку на основі принципів доброго врядування та нового публічного менеджменту. Автором статті дано визначення термінів «територіальна громада», «співробітництво територіальних громад» («міжмуніципальне співробітництво»). Одночасно визначено основні етапи реалізації ММС, а також його основні переваги та складнощі у практичному впровадженні. Підкреслено, що ММС дозволяє органам місцевого самоврядування як в Україні, так і в інших країнах об’єднувати ресурси (фінансові, економічні, людські тощо) для покращення ефективності своєї діяльності, надання більш якісних муніципальних послуг громадянам та впровадження принципів Європейської хартії місцевого самоврядування. На засадах аналізу сучасного стану розвитку місцевого самоврядування, вивчення досвіду зарубіжних країн, дослід-ження кращих вітчизняних та міжнародних практик представлено пропозиції щодо подальшого розвитку співробітництва територіальних громад в Україні.В статье рассматриваются актуальные вопросы развития сотрудничества территориальных громад (межмуниципального сотрудничества – ММС) в условиях реформирования местного самоуправления в Украине. Определено, что ММС является инновационным инструментом муниципальной консолидации, а такоже устойчивого местного развития на основе принципов хорошего управления и нового публичного менеджмента. Автором статьи дано определение терминов «территориальная громада», «сотрудничество территориальных громад» («межмуниципальное сотрудничество»). Одновременно определено основные этапы реализации ММС, а также его основные преимущества и трудности в практической реализации. Подчеркнуто, что ММС позволяет органам местного самоуправления как в Украине, так и в других странах объединять свои ресурсы (финансовые, экономические, человеческие и т.д.) для улучшения эффективности своей деятельности, предоставления более качественных муниципальных услуг гражданам и внедрения принципов Европейской хартии местного самоуправления. На основе анализа современного состояния местного самоуправления, изучения опыта зарубежных стран, лучших международных и отечественных практик представлено предложения относительно дальнейшего развития сотрудничества территориальных громад в Украине

ATPase activity of actomyosin and myosin in different types of muscles of intact and irradiated animals

The large-scale use of sources of ionizing radiation and related accidents caused a fundamentally new problem. The body's resistance to the influence of adverse environmental factors and the probability of pathological disorders are significantly determined by the state of adaptive systems. One of the general manifestations of adaptation is a change in motor activity, which is associated, in particular, with changes in the content of contractile proteins, muscle function, and muscle contraction. It is crucial to understand the detailed mechanisms of muscle tissue functioning in the body of intact animals and animals exposed to different doses of radiation because, in this case, preventive and curative/rehabilitative medical measures should be milder for muscle dysfunctions caused by ionizing radiation The purpose of the work is to investigate the effect of different doses of radiation on Mg2+, Ca2+-ATPase and K+-ATPase activity of actomyosin and myosin in the mechanisms of intact and irradiated in different doses of sexually mature animals in order to find out the mechanisms of adaptation of the organism to the influence of stress factor by studying changes in the activity of Mg2+, Ca2+-ATPase and K+-ATPase in the muscle system. The data obtained showed that irradiation at a dose of 0.5 Gy affects Mg2+,Ca2+-ATPase and K+-ATPase activity, however, these changes occur differently. K+-ATPase actomyosin activity in cardiac and skeletal muscles decreased starting from the 1st day of the experiment. Its gradual increase was observed only on the 30th day but still, it was smaller when compared with such an indicator in intact animals. It was proved that the Mg2+, Ca2+-ATPase actomyosin activity in sexually mature animals irradiated at a dose of 1.0 Gy increased 1 day after irradiation in skeletal muscle. In сardiac muscle an acute increase in Mg2+, Ca2+-ATPase actomyosin activity was observed on the 1st day and its decrease - by the 30th day. The conclusion was made that irradiation at a dose of 1.0 Gy is accompanied by skeletal muscle damage, as well as modification of the actomyosin protein complex, which is the major unit of muscle contraction. This leads to changes in its functional activity and is expressed in an increase in K+-ATPase actomyosin activity of muscles sensitive to irradiation. We assume such a mechanism of the effect of ionizing radiation on the actomyosin complex. The authors sure that a decrease in Mg2+, Ca2+-ATP-ase myosin activity as a result of exposure to ionizing radiation at a dose of 1.0 Gy can be caused by a violation of the structure of its active center since the ATPase center of pure myosin is free from interaction with actin, and that is why myosin appears more sensitive to the action of ionizing radiation

An interpretation of Casey's theorem and of its hyperbolic analogue

© 2016 Kostin, A.V., Kostina, N.N.We obtain interpretations of Casey's theorem and of its hyperbolic version in a pseudo-Euclidean and in a pseudo-hyperbolic spaces

Hematological changes in descendants of animals irradiated in different doses

An urgent problem today is not only the study of changes in the stability of the genome of somatic cells, the clarification of the mechanisms of its destabilization under the influence of a complex of environmental factors, including radiation, but also the study of the possibility of hereditary transmission of these changes. In the modern experimental and clinical medicine, the most important problem is the harmful effect of ionizing radiation on the descendants of irradiated parents and the specifics of the effect of radiation on the developing organism. An important aspect of the problem of long-term post-radiation effects is the state of reproductive function and health of the descendants of the irradiated population, due to the physiological characteristics inherent to the mother and child - high sensitivity to the action of ionizing radiation, the consequences of which may manifest after a long period of imaginary well-being. The purpose of the work is to investigate the dynamics of body weight and hematological indiexes in the descendants of intact sexually mature animals and descendants born to animals irradiated at different doses, which were exposed to radiation at a dose of 1.0 Gy. The authors revealed that in descendants born to animals irradiated at different doses, which were exposed to radiation at a dose of 1.0 Gy, it was established that by the 30th day after irradiation at a dose of 1.0 Gy, the general condition of pup rats born from animals irradiated at a dose of 0.5 Gy and exposed to irradiation at a dose of 1.0 Gy is satisfactory against the background of an insignificant decrease in the body weight. This also applies to pup rats born to animals irradiated at a dose of 1.0 Gy, whose general condition slightly improves compared to the previous period of the study. The data obtained showed in the peripheral blood after 1 day in the descendants born to animals irradiated at a dose of 0.5 Gy, after irradiation at a dose of 1.0 Gy, a reduced content of hemoglobin and erythrocytes against the background of an increase in the content of platelets, leukocytes, lymphocytes and reticulocytes in comparison with non-irradiated animals, which was maintained throughout the experiment. Pronounced changes in hematological parameters were observed in the descendants born to animals irradiated at a dose of 1.0 Gy, which were exposed to total γ-irradiation at a dose of 1.0 Gy. The authors suppose their data are in favour of the pronounced adaptationof organisms’ regulatiory systems to ionizing irradiation effect that, firstly, outline the adaptative physiologcal mechanisms and, secondly, show the main launches of pathophysiologcial mechamisns in case of irradiation-induced hematological changes

Dynamics of Switching Waves in a Nanofluid in a Light Field

The dynamics of the concentration of nanofluids placed in a light field with a Gaussian intensity profile is studied theoretically. The investigation is based on the analytical and numerical solutions of the system of linearized heat conduction and convectiondiffusion equations. The convection-diffusion equation contains terms that correspond both to the Soret effect and to the transfer of nanoparticles, caused by the action of a light field on them (electrostriction). The dependence of the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the medium on the concentration is taken into account. It is shown that under these conditions single travelling waves appear in the medium, the velocity of which depends not only on the thermal physical parameters of the medium, but also on the polarization of the particles. Conditions under which the stratification of the medium is possible are found

The minimal compound-complex sentence hierarchy

This article deals with the problem of the study of the subsystem of such type of the Multiple Compound-Complex Sentence as a minimal compound-complex sentence. The authors analyze the formal structure of the multiple compoundcomplex sentences and try to build up the structural models hierarchy of Minimal Compound-Complex SentenceyesBelgorod State Universit

Information competence of the high school teacher: the experience of the practical analysis

В статье представлены результаты конкретного социологического исследования, проведенного методом опроса среди преподавателей вузов г. Екатеринбурга по репрезентативной выборке. Анализируются такие стороны работы преподавателей вузов с информацией как обращение к различным видам источников информации, частота их использования и оценка полезности в профессиональной деятельности. Также в статье раскрывается отношение преподавателей к использованию различных Интернет-ресурсов в образовательной деятельности, а также владение навыками работы с компьютерными и Интернет-технологиями.The article presents the results of a specific survey conducted by a survey among university professors in Ekaterinburg on a representative sample. Analyzed those aspects of the work of university teachers with the information as referring to various types of sources of information, the frequency of their use and usefulness of evaluation in professional activities. The article also reveals the ratio of teachers to use a variety of Internet resources in educational activities, as well as a working knowledge of computer and Internet technology

«New Normal» of Students’ Educational Practices in the Coronavirus Pandemic Reality

The article presents the results of qualitative sociologic survey aimed at analyzing students’ subjective evaluations related to “new” educational practices from the perspective of the experience gained in the pandemic period, as well as the dynamics of changes in the content of these evaluations during the year due to the transition to new learning formats. The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of forced online learning on the transformation of traditional educational practices. Following the results of work with qualitative data, the main trends observed in the informants’ answers are shown – increase of academic workload and, as a consequence, the time spent for its performance; absence of former attitude and concentration of attention on the learning material caused by the impossibility to draw boundaries between private and public, that in its turn had an impact on the quality of education and gave rise to new practices of academic dishonesty and cheating; and as a whole, downturn of psychological wellbeing. Main positive moments named by the informants were increase of the capabilities of the educational field and a certain level of comfort in the sphere of everyday life, logistics and work. It is noted that even with the outright victory over the COVID-19 it will be impossible to return completely to pre-covid variant of organization of educational process; whether we like it or not, electronic educational environments have already become an integral part of our life and higher education. The main questions that must be asked now – which of pre-covid and gained practices should be taken into the future, how to find the balance between intramural and online learning formats. Search for solutions depends to a large extent on the success of interaction and cooperation between the direct participants of educational process. Main method of data collection is semi-structured interviews; field works have been carried out in spring of 2020 and 2021. The interview method made it possible to study the situation in detail as it has developed. Based on the generalization of qualitative data, the substantial characteristics of the informants’ value judgments are formed, strong and weak sides of the learning process related to introduction of new formats of interaction “university – teacher – student”. The ambivalent attitude of students to full-time and distance learning was revealed. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the data acquisition, systematization and analytical generalization of the original material on the transformation of students’ educational practices as a result of a forced mass transition to distance education. The obtained materials provide grounds for clarifying the process and results of these changes and can be used to justify management decisions

DIGITAL UNIVERSITY: APPROACHES TO THE CONCEPT DEFINITION

Introduction. The modern period of development of higher education is directly related to the ongoing digital transformation of public relations. The changes that occur in universities, in their external interactions and functions, basic principles and value-normative foundations, require methodological analysis and research. Aim. The aim of the research is to analyse the theoretical approaches to disclosing the concept and essence of digital universities. Methodology and research methods. The mix-method was used as a research design: qualitative analysis (studying the content of theoretical sources and context, analysing the content of a concept) and quantitative analysis (scientometric analysis of publications and keywords in databases). Results. The study showed that in the methodological terms, there is a problem of defining the concept of “digital university”: there are several theoretical approaches based on different understanding of the phenomenon and its role in the digital development of the university. The methodological problem is complicated by the urgent need to systematise the practical activities of modern universities, which classify themselves in one way or another in the “digital” format; therefore, this is much more difficult to do without a coordinated approach to the concept itself. Scientific novelty lies in an attempt to systematise theoretical approaches to defining the concept of “digital university” and the problem of the absence of a holistic interdisciplinary approach has been identified. Practical significance of the study is associated with the need to develop a regulatory model of a digital university based on a holistic concept for the subsequent analysis of the activities of universities. The results of the analysis can be used in scientific discussion to further define the concept of “digital university” and develop a general model of a digital university. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved