Probing the Wtb vertex structure in t-channel single-top-quark production and decay in pp collisions at √s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

published_or_final_versio

Boethean cook book: Tested receipts

This book contains 22 chapters with over 600 recipes (“receipts”) that are, for the most part, brief and to the point. Contributors’ names accompany most of the recipes, and in some cases different cooks have submitted recipes for the same dish, often with extreme variations. The “Miscellaneous” chapter offers important advice such as how to chop suet, how to make hard soap and hand lotion, and tips for removing old tea and coffee stains. Included in the “Weights and Measures” chapter are many familiar and a few unfamiliar terms. (Did you know, for instance, that “one-half kitchen cupful equals 1 gill”?) The very helpful chapter describing “What to serve with various dishes” guides cooks through what to serve with specific soups, fish, meats, desserts, and salad and also offers tips on quantities when serving larger groups of 25, 30, and 100 guests. The last chapter, “Cuts of Beef,” was contributed by F. W. Austin and provides an in-depth description of every cut and the best way to use each. (summary written by Donna Hanna)https://knightscholar.geneseo.edu/historical-reprints/1014/thumbnail.jp

Reconstructed Jets at RHIC

To precisely measure jets over a large background such as pile up in high luminosity p+p collisions at LHC, a new generation of jet reconstruction algorithms is developed. These algorithms are also applicable to reconstruct jets in the heavy ion environment where large event multiplicities are produced. Energy loss in the medium created in heavy ion collisions are already observed indirectly via inclusive hadron distributions and di-hadron correlations. Jets can be used to study this energy loss in detail with reduced biases. We review the latest results on jet-medium interactions as seen in A+A collisions at RHIC, focusing on the recent progress on jet reconstruction in heavy ion collisions.Comment: Proceedings for the 26th Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamic

AKARI Far-Infrared All Sky Survey

We demonstrate the capability of AKARI for mapping diffuse far-infrared emission and achieved reliability of all-sky diffuse map. We have conducted an all-sky survey for more than 94 % of the whole sky during cold phase of AKARI observation in 2006 Feb. -- 2007 Aug. The survey in far-infrared waveband covers 50 um -- 180 um with four bands centered at 65 um, 90 um, 140 um, and 160 um and spatial resolution of 3000 -- 4000 (FWHM).This survey has allowed us to make a revolutionary improvement compared to the IRAS survey that was conducted in 1983 in both spatial resolution and sensitivity after more than a quarter of a century. Additionally, it will provide us the first all-sky survey data with high-spatial resolution beyond 100 um. Considering its extreme importance of the AKARI far-infrared diffuse emission map, we are now investigating carefully the quality of the data for possible release of the archival data. Critical subjects in making image of diffuse emission from detected signal are the transient response and long-term stability of the far-infrared detectors. Quantitative evaluation of these characteristics is the key to achieve sensitivity comparable to or better than that for point sources (< 20 -- 95 [MJy/sr]). We describe current activities and progress that are focused on making high quality all-sky survey images of the diffuse far-infrared emission.Comment: To appear in Proc. Workshop "The Space Infrared Telescope for Cosmology & Astrophysics: Revealing the Origins of Planets and Galaxies". Eds. A.M. Heras, B. Swinyard, K. Isaak, and J.R. Goicoeche

Improving Prolog Programs: Refactoring for Prolog

Refactoring is an established technique from the OO-community to restructure code: it aims at improving software readability, maintainability and extensibility. Although refactoring is not tied to the OO-paradigm in particular, its ideas have not been applied to Logic Programming until now. This paper applies the ideas of refactoring to Prolog programs. A catalogue is presented listing refactorings classified according to scope. Some of the refactorings have been adapted from the OO-paradigm, while others have been specifically designed for Prolog. Also the discrepancy between intended and operational semantics in Prolog is addressed by some of the refactorings. In addition, ViPReSS, a semi-automatic refactoring browser, is discussed and the experience with applying \vipress to a large Prolog legacy system is reported. Our main conclusion is that refactoring is not only a viable technique in Prolog but also a rather desirable one.Comment: To appear in ICLP 200

Of?p stars: a class of slowly rotating magnetic massive stars

Only 5 Of?p stars have been identified in the Galaxy. Of these, 3 have been studied in detail, and within the past 5 years magnetic fields have been detected in each of them. The observed magnetic and spectral characteristics are indicative of organised magnetic fields, likely of fossil origin, confining their supersonic stellar winds into dense, structured magnetospheres. The systematic detection of magnetic fields in these stars strongly suggests that the Of?p stars represent a general class of magnetic O-type stars.Comment: Proceedings of IAUS 272: Active OB star

Upper limits on neutrino masses from the 2dFGRS and WMAP: the role of priors

Solar, atmospheric, and reactor neutrino experiments have confirmed neutrino oscillations, implying that neutrinos have non-zero mass, but without pinning down their absolute masses. While it is established that the effect of neutrinos on the evolution of cosmic structure is small, the upper limits derived from large-scale structure data could help significantly to constrain the absolute scale of the neutrino masses. In a recent paper the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) team provided an upper limit m_nu,tot < 2.2 eV, i.e. approximately 0.7 eV for each of the three neutrino flavours, or phrased in terms of their contributioin to the matter density, Omega_nu/Omega_m < 0.16. Here we discuss this analysis in greater detail, considering issues of assumed 'priors' like the matter density Omega_m and the bias of the galaxy distribution with respect the dark matter distribution. As the suppression of the power spectrum depends on the ratio Omega_nu/Omega_m, we find that the out-of- fashion Mixed Dark Matter Model, with Omega_nu=0.2, Omega_m=1 and no cosmological constant, fits the 2dFGRS power spectrum and the CMB data reasonably well, but only for a Hubble constant H_0<50 km/s/Mpc. As a consequence, excluding low values of the Hubble constant, e.g. with the HST Key Project is important in order to get a strong constraint on the neutrino masses. We also comment on the improved limit by the WMAP team, and point out that the main neutrino signature comes from the 2dFGRS and the Lyman alpha forest.Comment: 24 pages, 12 figures Minor changes to matched version published in JCA

Optical properties of cometary particles collected by the COSIMA mass spectrometer on-board <i>Rosetta</i> during the rendezvous phase around comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko

40 000 collected cometary particles have been identified on the 21 targets exposed by the COSIMA experiment on-board Rosetta to the environment of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko from 2014 August to 2016 September. The images of the targets where obtained by the COSIMA microscope (Cosiscope, 13.95 μm pixel−1) with near grazing incidence, which is optimal for the primary objective (detection of collected particles) but very challenging for photometry. However, more than 300 of the collected particles are larger than 100 μm which makes it possible to derive constraints on the optical properties from the distribution of light levels within the particles. Two types of particles collected by COSIMA (compact particles and cluster particles) have been identified in Langevin et al. The best estimate reflectance factors of compact particles range from 10 per cent to 23 per cent. For cluster particles (>90 per cent of large collected particles), the comparison of the signal profiles with illumination from two opposite directions shows that there is scattering within the particles, with a mean free path in the 20–25 μm range, which requires high porosity. The best estimate reflectance factors of cluster particles range from 3 per cent to 22 per cent. This range of reflectance factors overlaps with that obtained from observations of the cometary nucleus at macroscopic scales by OSIRIS and it is consistent with that measured for interplanetary dust particles collected in the stratosphere of the Earth

Real-time information processing of environmental sensor network data using Bayesian Gaussian processes

In this article, we consider the problem faced by a sensor network operator who must infer, in real time, the value of some environmental parameter that is being monitored at discrete points in space and time by a sensor network. We describe a powerful and generic approach built upon an efficient multi-output Gaussian process that facilitates this information acquisition and processing. Our algorithm allows effective inference even with minimal domain knowledge, and we further introduce a formulation of Bayesian Monte Carlo to permit the principled management of the hyperparameters introduced by our flexible models. We demonstrate how our methods can be applied in cases where the data is delayed, intermittently missing, censored, and/or correlated. We validate our approach using data collected from three networks of weather sensors and show that it yields better inference performance than both conventional independent Gaussian processes and the Kalman filter. Finally, we show that our formalism efficiently reuses previous computations by following an online update procedure as new data sequentially arrives, and that this results in a four-fold increase in computational speed in the largest cases considered