2,584 research outputs found
Aluminium-Free Glass Polyalkenoate Spinal Cements
Addition of Yitanium increased the Wt & St and the sf strength of these cements compared to the control (BT 101). © 2011 IEEE
The Effect of Adding Organic Polymers to Ca-Sr-Zn-Si Glass Polyalkenoate Cement
To conclude, the addition of polymers to GPCs resulted in little change to the Tw and Ts, however the compressive strength was found to decrease slightly. ASAP tests revealed that the cements may undergo some structural changes as a result of these additions. In the future perhaps the addition of organic polymers suspended in the liquid phase as part of the cement may yield improved results in this type of study. © 2011 IEEE
A Spectroscopic Investigation into the Setting and Mechanical Properties of Titanium Containing Glass Polyalkenoate Cements
Titanium (Ti) implants are extensively used in a number of biomedical and dental applications. This work introduces Ti into the glass phase of a zinc-based glass polyalkenoate cement (GPC) and investigates changes in handling and mechanical properties considering two molecular weight polyacrylic acids (PAA), E9 and E11. Considering the handling properties, the working time (Tw) increased from 50 sE9, 32 sE11 (BT 101, Ti-free) to 169 sE9, 74 sE11 with TW-Z (highest Ti content), respectively. The setting time (Ts) increased from 76 sE9, 47 sE11 (BT 101) to 303 sE9, 232 sE11 with TW-Z, respectively. Ti was also found to have a significant increase on both compressive (Ïc) and biaxial flexural strength (Ïf), where Ïc increased from 36 MPaE9, 56 MPaE11 (BT 101) to 56 MPaE9 and 70 MPaE11 with TW-Z respectfully. Ïf also increased from 11 MPaE9, 22 MPaE11 (BT 101) to 22 MPaE9 and 77 MPaE11 with TW-Z, respectively. No increase in mechanical properties was evident with respect to maturation. Raman Spectroscopy was employed to investigate changes in glass structure and the setting of the cements with. This revealed increased glass network disruption with increasing TiO2 content and matured cement setting with TW-Z as compared to the control BT 101. FT-IR was then employed to investigate any additional setting mechanism and changes with time. Spectroscopy determined that Ca2+/Sr2+PAA complexes are primarily responsible for the setting and mechanical strength with no changes occurring over time
Laboratory and Field Studies of Resistance of Crab Apple Clones to Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Oviposition and larval survival of Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) varied significantly among fruit from 25 crab apple speciesand clones evaluated in field and laboratory studies. In general, the relative oviposition preference and larval survival was similar in fruit infested naturally in the field and fruit tested in the laboratory. Flies oviposited more in clones with larger fruit, although this relationship was more pronounced in laboratory tests when fruit was infested by laboratory-reared flies than in fruit infested in the field by wild flies. âAldenhamensis,' âFuji,' âVilmorin,' Malus zumi calocarpa Rehd., and M. hupehensis (Pamp) Rehd. fruit was not infested in the field, but flies oviposited in fruit of all 25 species and clones in choice tests in the laboratory. Eggs hatched but larvae did not survive in fruit of âHenry F. DuPont,' âFrettingham,' âFuji,' âSparkler,' M. hupehensis, and M. zumi calocarpa. Larval mortality was very high in fruit from âVilmorin,' âSparkler,' âNA 40298,' âHenrietta Crosby,' âGolden Gem,' âAlmey,' M. baccata L. (Borkh.), and M. sikktmensis (Hook.) Koehn
Molecular mode-coupling theory applied to a liquid of diatomic molecules
We study the molecular mode coupling theory for a liquid of diatomic
molecules. The equations for the critical tensorial nonergodicity parameters
and the critical amplitudes of the - relaxation
are solved up to a cut off = 2 without any
further approximations.
Here are indices of spherical harmonics. Contrary to previous studies,
where additional approximations were applied, we find in agreement with
simulations, that all molecular degrees of freedom vitrify at a single
temperature . The theoretical results for the non ergodicity parameters
and the critical amplitudes are compared with those from simulations. The
qualitative agreement is good for all molecular degrees of freedom. To study
the influence of the cut off on the non ergodicity parameter, we also calculate
the non ergodicity parameters for an upper cut off . In addition we
also propose a new method for the calculation of the critical nonergodicity
parameterComment: 27 pages, 17 figure
A quantitative test of the mode-coupling theory of the ideal glass transition for a binary Lennard-Jones system
Using a molecular dynamics computer simulation we determine the temperature
dependence of the partial structure factors for a binary Lennard-Jones system.
These structure factors are used as input data to solve numerically the
wave-vector dependent mode-coupling equations in the long time limit. Using the
so determined solutions, we compare the predictions of mode-coupling theory
(MCT) with the results of a previously done molecular dynamics computer
simulation [Phys. Rev. E 51, 4626 (1995), ibid. 52, 4134 (1995)]. From this
comparison we conclude that MCT gives a fair estimate of the critical coupling
constant, a good estimate of the exponent parameter, predicts the wave-vector
dependence of the various nonergodicity parameters very well, except for very
large wave-vectors, and gives also a very good description of the space
dependence of the various critical amplitudes. In an attempt to correct for
some of the remaining discrepancies between the theory and the results of the
simulation, we investigate two small (ad hoc) modifications of the theory. We
find that one modification gives a worse agreement between theory and
simulation, whereas the second one leads to an improved agreement.Comment: Figures available from W. Ko
General criteria for the stability of uniaxially ordered states of Incommensurate-Commensurate Systems
Reconsidering the variational procedure for uniaxial systems modeled by
continuous free energy functionals, we derive new general conditions for
thermodynamic extrema. The utility of these conditions is briefly illustrated
on the models for the classes I and II of incommensurate-commensurate systems.Comment: 5 pages, to be published in Phys. Rev. Let
The Bioactivity and Ion Release of Titanium-Containing Glass Polyalkenoate Cements for Medical Applications
The ion release profiles and bioactivity of a series of Ti containing glass polyalkenoate cements. Characterization revealed each material to be amorphous with a Tg in the region of 650-660°C. The network connectivity decreased (1.83-1.35) with the addition of TiO2 which was also evident with analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Ion release from cements were determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy for zinc (Zn2+), calcium (Ca2+), strontium (Sr2+), Silica (Si4+) and titanium (Ti4+). Ions such as Zn2+ (0.1-2.0 mg/l), Ca2+ (2.0-8.3 mg/l,) Sr2+ (0.1-3.9 mg/l), and Si4+ (14-90 mg/l) were tested over 1-30 days. No Ti4+ release was detected. Simulated body fluid revealed a CaP surface layer on each cement while cell culture testing of cement liquid extracts with TW-Z (5 mol% TiO2) produced the highest cell viability (161%) after 30 days. Direct contact testing of discs resulted in a decrease in cell viability of the each cement tested. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
An investigation into CLIL-related sections of EFL coursebooks : issues of CLIL inclusion in the publishing market
The current ELT global coursebook market has embraced CLIL as a weak form of bilingual education and an innovative component to include in General English coursebooks for EFL contexts. In this paper I investigate how CLIL is included in ELT coursebooks aimed at
teenaged learners, available to teachers in Argentina. My study is based on the content analysis of four series which include a section advertised as CLIL-oriented. Results suggest that such sections are characterised by (1) little correlation between featured subject specific content and school curricula in L1, (2) oversimplification of contents, and (3) dominance of reading skills development and lower-order thinking tasks. Through this study, I argue that
CLIL components become superficial supplements rather than a meaningful attempt to promote weak forms of bilingual education
Metastable Dynamics of the Hard-Sphere System
The reformulation of the mode-coupling theory (MCT) of the liquid-glass
transition which incorporates the element of metastability is applied to the
hard-sphere system. It is shown that the glass transition in this system is not
a sharp one at the special value of the density or the packing fraction, which
is in contrast to the prediction by the conventional MCT. Instead we find that
the slowing down of the dynamics occurs over a range of values of the packing
fraction. Consequently, the exponents governing the sequence of time
relaxations in the intermediate time regime are given as functions of packing
fraction with one additional parameter which describes the overall scale of the
metastable potential energy for defects in the hard-sphere system. Implications
of the present model on the recent experiments on colloidal systems are also
discussed.Comment: 21 pages, 5 figures (available upon request), RevTEX3.0, JFI
Preprint
- âŠ