Family Experience in Handling the Elderly in Cultural Aspects of Indonesia

Introduction: Extended family culture still exists in Indonesia, and this makes it possible for an elderly person to live with a family. In Indonesia, generally an elderly person is highly respected. This research is meant to gain a picture of an experience that a family has in taking care of an elderly person from the aspect of Indonesian culture. Method: The design implemented is descriptive phenomenology. The participant is the main caregiver taking care of 10 elderly people. The data is analyzed using Collaizi technique. Result: This research have been identi fi ed 4 themes i.e. 1) the reason for doing it is to fulfi ll the tasks as a member of a family, to reciprocate, to have satisfaction, but for the main caregiver it is just because of closeness and pity, 2) the burden of caring is physical, psychological, social and fi nancial, 3) the perception about culture value is the position and role of the elderly person in the family, and 4) the support or encouragement is obtained from the family and the community. Discussion: The conclusion is that a family as the main supporting system for the elderly people possesses big responsibility in caring the elderly in accordance with the value of culture in Indonesia. The results of the research are expected to give information about the need of a family as the caregiver in caring the elderly so that a proper intervention form of family enforcement according to the Indonesian culture can be designed

Identification and characterization of alternative splicing in parasitic nematode transcriptomes

BACKGROUND: Alternative splicing (AS) of mRNA is a vital mechanism for enhancing genomic complexity in eukaryotes. Spliced isoforms of the same gene can have diverse molecular and biological functions and are often differentially expressed across various tissues, times, and conditions. Thus, AS has important implications in the study of parasitic nematodes with complex life cycles. Transcriptomic datasets are available from many species, but data must be revisited with splice-aware assembly protocols to facilitate the study of AS in helminthes. METHODS: We sequenced cDNA from the model worm Caenorhabditis elegans using 454/Roche technology for use as an experimental dataset. Reads were assembled with Newbler software, invoking the cDNA option. Several combinations of parameters were tested and assembled transcripts were verified by comparison with previously reported C. elegans genes and transcript isoforms and with Illumina RNAseq data. RESULTS: Thoughtful adjustment of program parameters increased the percentage of assembled transcripts that matched known C. elegans sequences, decreased mis-assembly rates (i.e., cis- and trans-chimeras), and improved the coverage of the geneset. The optimized protocol was used to update de novo transcriptome assemblies from nine parasitic nematode species, including important pathogens of humans and domestic animals. Our assemblies indicated AS rates in the range of 20-30%, typically with 2-3 transcripts per AS locus, depending on the species. Transcript isoforms from the nine species were translated and searched for similarity to known proteins and functional domains. Some 21 InterPro domains, including several involved in nucleotide and chromatin binding, were statistically correlated with AS genetic loci. In most cases, the Roche/454 data explored in this study are the only sequences available from the species in question; however, the recently published genome of the human hookworm Necator americanus provided an additional opportunity to validate our results. CONCLUSIONS: Our optimized assembly parameters facilitated the first survey of AS among parasitic nematodes. The nine transcriptome assemblies, their protein translations, and basic annotations are available from Nematode.net as a resource for the research community. These should be useful for studies of specific genes and gene families of interest as well as for curating draft genome assemblies as they become available

Efektivitas Beberapa Jenis Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Karet (Hevea Brassiliensis Muell. Arg.) Di Pembibitan the Effectivity Some Type Arbuscular Mychorrizal Fungi on Rubber (Hevea Brassiliensis Muell. Arg.) Growth in Seedlings

The application of chemical fertilizer is often selected by farmer to increase the rubber growth.However the uses of chemical fertilizer in process of time will bit into land fertility caused the deathof microbe in the ground and the land condition will be solid, it caused root plants can not absorb anutrition. So the application of biological fertilizer like AMF expected to replace chemical fertilizerto increase a rubber growth in continuing time. This research had been conducted in plastic house ofthe Agriculture Faculty, University of North Sumatra (± 25 m asl) from July - September 2013.Method of this research is non factorial randomized block design with 7 treatments, that is the typeof AMF spore (big black AMF spores, small black AMF spores, big yellow AMF spores, smallyellow AMF spores, black indigenous of rubber AMF spores, yellow indigenous of rubber AMFspores, spores of Glomus spp.). Parameters observed were addition of plant height, root volume,weight of dry shoot, weight of dry root and total of spores.The result showed that the addition ofsome type AMF significantly influenced total of spores, but for the other parameters influenced notsignificantly

An optical fiber hydrogen sensor using a palladium-coated ball lens

A self-referenced optical fiber refractometer using a ball lens as a sensor head has been developed and characterized. A 350-μm ball lens created at the tip of a single mode fiber has been coated with a 40-nm optically thin layer of palladium that reacts with hydrogen to form a hydride, which has a lower reflectivity than pure palladium. Optical reflectance measurements from the tip of the ball lens were performed to determine the hydrogen response. The change in reflectivity is proportional to the hydrogen concentration in the range 0% to 1% hydrogen in air with a detection limit down to 10 ppm (1σ) in air. This technique offers a simple sensor head arrangement, with a larger sampling area (~40 times) than a typical single-mode fiber core. A statistical image analysis of a palladium film, with cracks created by accelerated failure, confirms that the anticipated sensor area for a ball lens sensor head has a more predictable reflectivity than that of a bare fiber core

Learning tools of KVK module using augmented reality mobile application for remedial education program (REP)

Augmented Reality (AR) is one of the technologies that has increased popularity in industry revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0). This technology is widely used in the education sector that can help the students easily acquire, process, and remember the information. However, due to the lack of introduction to new technology in some education fields, primary students tend to only use conventional learning methods such as books or card games. By looking at this loophole, this project is focusing on the primary students that being called remedial students in Remedial Education Program (REP). We choose the consonant vowel consonant (KVK) module after a deep discussion with the remedial teacher and regional education officer in Batu Pahat. The record shows that remedial students are facing hardship to spell, read, and pronounce the KVK. We have successfully developed the AR application education platform apps by using the Unity Real-Time Development platform (Unity 3D) and Vuforia. Inside this application, there are two menus for learning purposes which are KVK and Suku Kata and one menu for evaluation which is Kuiz. This module has been tested to 25 remedial students and the results show that the evaluation time taken to answer the Kuiz from the apps has been reduced around 10% to 50% compared to the conventional method. We hope that this application can be applied widely for remedial students in elementary school in year one that has a problem in mastering the KVK for REP

The potential use of service-oriented infrastructure framework to enable transparent vertical scalability of cloud computing infrastructure

Cloud computing technology has become familiar to most Internet users. Subsequently, there has been an increased growth in the use of cloud computing, including Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). To ensure that IaaS can easily meet the growing demand, IaaS providers usually increase the capacity of their facilities in a vertical IaaS increase capability and the capacity for local IaaS amenities such as increasing the number of servers, storage and network bandwidth. However, at the same time, horizontal scalability is sometimes not enough and requires additional strategies to ensure that the large number of IaaS service requests can be met. Therefore, strategies requiring horizontal scalability are more complex than the vertical scalability strategies because they involve the interaction of more than one facility at different service centers. To reduce the complexity of the implementation of the horizontal scalability of the IaaS infrastructures, the use of a technology service oriented infrastructure is recommended to ensure that the interaction between two or more different service centers can be done more simply and easily even though it is likely to involve a wide range of communication technologies and different cloud computing management. This is because the service oriented infrastructure acts as a middle man that translates and processes interactions and protocols of different cloud computing infrastructures without the modification of the complex to ensure horizontal scalability can be run easily and smoothly. This paper presents the potential of using a service-oriented infrastructure framework to enable transparent vertical scalability of cloud computing infrastructures by adapting three projects in this research: SLA@SOI consortium, Open Cloud Computing Interface (OCCI), and OpenStack