Damage-Induced Modeling of Asphalt Mixtures through Computational Micromechanics and Cohesive Zone Fracture

This paper presents a computational micromechanics modeling approach to predict damage-induced mechanical response of asphalt mixtures. Heterogeneous geometric characteristics and inelastic mechanical behavior were taken into account by introducing finite element modeling techniques and a viscoelastic material model. The modeling also includes interface fracture to represent crack growth and damage evolution. The interface fracture is modeled by using a micromechanical nonlinear viscoelastic cohesive-zone constitutive relation. Fundamental material properties and fracture characteristics were measured from simple laboratory tests and then incorporated into the model to predict rate-dependent viscoelastic damage behavior of the asphalt mixture. Simulation results demonstrate that each model parameter significantly influences the mechanical behavior of the overall asphalt mixture. Within a theoretical framework of micromechanics, this study is expected to be suitable for evaluating damage-induced performance of asphalt mixtures by measuring only material properties and fracture properties of each mix component and not by recursively performing expensive laboratory tests that are typically required for continuum damage mechanics modeling

Measurement of J/Psi at forward and backward rapidity in p plus p, p plus Al, p + Au, and He-3+Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV

Charmonium is a valuable probe in heavy-ion collisions to study the properties of the quark gluon plasma, and is also an interesting probe in small collision systems to study cold nuclear matter effects, which are also present in large collision systems. With the recent observations of collective behavior of produced particles in small system collisions, measurements of the modification of charmonium in small systems have become increasingly relevant. We present the results of J/Psi measurements at forward and backward rapidity in various small collision systems, p + p, p + Al, p + Au, and He-3+Au, at root s(NN) = 200 GeV. The results are presented in the form of the observable RAB, the nuclear modification factor, a measure of the ratio of the J/Psi invariant yield compared to the scaled yield in p + p collisions. We examine the rapidity, transverse momentum, and collision centrality dependence of nuclear effects on J/Psi production with different projectile sizes p and He-3, and different target sizes Al and Au. The modification is found to be strongly dependent on the target size, but to be very similar for p + Au and He-3+Au. However, for 0%-20% central collisions at backward rapidity, the modification factor for He-3+Au is found to be smaller than that for p + Au, with a mean fit to the ratio of 0.89 +/- 0.03(stat)+/- 0.08(syst), possibly indicating final state effects due to the larger projectile size.Peer reviewe

Measurement of the relative yields of psi(2S) to psi(1S) mesons produced at forward and backward rapidity in p plus p, p plus Al, p + Au, and He-3+Au collisions at root S-NN=200 GeV

The PHENIX Collaboration has measured the ratio of the yields of psi(2S) to psi(1S) mesons produced in p + p, p + Al, p + Au, and He-3+Au collisions at root S-NN = 200 GeV over the forward and backward rapidity intervals 1.2 <| y | <2.2. We find that the ratio in p + p collisions is consistent with measurements at other collision energies. In collisions with nuclei, we find that in the forward (p-going or He-3-going) direction, the relative yield of psi(2S) mesons to psi(1S) mesons is consistent with the value measured in p + p collisions. However, in the backward (nucleus-going) direction, the psi(2S) meson is preferentially suppressed by a factor of similar to 2. This suppression is attributed in some models to the breakup of the weakly bound psi(2S) meson through final-state interactions with comoving particles, which have a higher density in the nucleus-going direction. These breakup effects may compete with color screening in a deconfined quark-gluon plasma to produce sequential suppression of excited quarkonia states.Peer reviewe

Multiparticle azimuthal correlations for extracting event-by-event elliptic and triangular flow in Au plus Au collisions at root S-NN=200 GeV

We present measurements of elliptic and triangular azimuthal anisotropy of charged particles detected at forward rapidity 1 < vertical bar eta vertical bar < 3 in Au + Au collisions at root S-NN = 200 GeV, as a function of centrality. The multiparticle cumulant technique is used to obtain the elliptic flow coefficients v(2){2}, v(2){4}, v(2){6}, and v(2){8}, and triangular flow coefficients v(3){2} and v(3){4}. Using the small-variance limit, we estimate the mean and variance of the event-by-event v 2 distribution from v(2){2} and v(2){4}. In a complementary analysis, we also use a folding procedure to study the distributions of v(2) and v(3) directly, extracting both the mean and variance. Implications for initial geometrical fluctuations and their translation into the final-state momentum distributions are discussed.Peer reviewe

УПРАВЛІННЯ ПРОЕКТОМ ПІДГОТОВКИ І НАВЧАННЯ КІБЕР-РЯТУВАЛЬНИКА: КОМПЕТЕНТНІСНИЙ ПІДХІД

Global society informatization analysis showed increasing of threats from IT technologies. Proposed a model of mental space educational project environment of cyber-rescuer training on the basis of universities with special learning environment which are subdivision of State Emergencies Service of Ukraine using the theory of non-coercive interaction including the dynamics of turbulent external environment and competence approach.Проведений аналіз стану глобальної інформатизації суспільства показав невпинне зростання загроз з боку ІТ-технологій. Запропоновано модель ментального простору освітнього проектного середовища підготовки кібер-рятувальника на базі вищих навчальних закладів з особливими умовами навчання, що є структурними підрозділами Державної служби України з надзвичайних ситуацій із використанням теорії несилової взаємодії, що враховує динаміку зовнішнього турбулентного середовища та компетентнісний підхід

Polarization and cross section of midrapidity J/psi production in p plus p collisions at root s=510 GeV

The PHENIX experiment has measured the spin alignment for inclusive J/psi -> e(+) e(-) decays in protonproton collisions at root s = 510 GeV at midrapidity. The angular distributions have been measured in three different polarization frames, and the three decay angular coefficients have been extracted in a full two-dimensional analysis. Previously, PHENIX saw large longitudinal net polarization at forward rapidity at the same collision energy. This analysis at midrapidity, complementary to the previous PHENIX results, sees no sizable polarization in the measured transverse momentum range of 0.0 <p(T) <10.0 GeV/c. The results are consistent with a previous one-dimensional analysis at midrapidity at root s = 200 GeV. The transverse-momentum-dependent cross section for midrapidity J/psi production has additionally been measured, and after comparison to world data, a simple logarithmic dependence of the cross section on root s was found.Peer reviewe

Angular decay coefficients of J/psi mesons at forward rapidity from p plus p collisions at root s=510 GeV

We report the first measurement of the full angular distribution for inclusive J/psi -> mu(+)mu(-) decays in p + p collisions at root s = 510 GeV. The measurements are made for J/psi transverse momentum 2 <p(T) <10 GeV /c and rapidity 1.2 <y <2.2 in the Helicity, Collins-Soper, and Gottfried-Jackson reference frames. In all frames the polar coefficient lambda theta is strongly negative at low p(T) and becomes close to zero at high p(T), while the azimuthal coefficient lambda phi is close to zero at low p(T), and becomes slightly negative at higher p(T). The frame-independent coefficient lambda is strongly negative at all p(T) in all frames. The data are compared to the theoretical predictions provided by nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics models.Peer reviewe

МОДЕЛЬ ПРОЕКТНО-ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА ПОКРАЩЕННЯ ПІДГОТОВКИ РЯТУВАЛЬНИКА В МЕНТАЛЬНОМУ ПРОСТОРІ ІТ-ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ

Model of project and information environment has been proposed. It takes into account the complex dynamics of mental space and introformational interaction in the process of formation of new type rescuer in turbulent surroundings of IT technologies. Terminological base of the methodology of projects management, programs and portfolios of projects have been extended on the basis of the competency approach by introducing the concept of "rescuer –project manager", "rescuer – planning manager", " rescuer – manager – researcher", "rescuer – manager – practical worker". At the formal level the main factors of ensuring condition for improvement of rescuers preparation have been defined on the basis of university with special learning conditions that can effectivelymanage projects and programs for providing safe functioning of IT-technologies.Запропоновано модель проектно-інформаційного середовища, що враховує складну динаміку розвитку ментального простору та інтроформаційну взаємодію в процесі формування нового типу рятувальника в турбулентному оточенні ІТ-технологій. На основі використання компетентнісного підходу нами розширено термінологічну базу з методології управління проектами, програмами та портфелями проектів ввівши поняття: "рятувальник-керівник проектів", "рятувальник-менеджер проектант", "рятувальник-менеджер-дослідник", "рятувальник-менеджер-практик". На формальному рівні визначено основні чинники покращення умов підготовки рятувальників на базі ВНЗ з особливими умовами навчання, здатного ефективно управляти проектами та програмами щодо підвищення безпеки функціонування ІТ-технологій

Measurement of charged pion double spin asymmetries at midrapidity in longitudinally polarized p plus p collisions at root s=510 GeV

The PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider has measured the longitudinal double spin asymmetries, A(LL), for charged pions at midrapidity (vertical bar eta vertical bar <0.35) in longitudinally polarized p + p collisions at root s. = 510 GeV. These measurements are sensitive to the gluon spin contribution to the total spin of the proton in the parton momentum fraction x range between 0.04 and 0.09. One can infer the sign of the gluon polarization from the ordering of pion asymmetries with charge alone. The asymmetries are found to be consistent with global quantum-chromodynamics fits of deep-inelastic scattering and data at root s = 200 GeV, which show a nonzero positive contribution of gluon spin to the proton spin.Peer reviewe

Measurement of phi-meson production at forward rapidity in p plus p collisions at root s=510 GeV and its energy dependence from root s=200 GeV to 7 TeVMeasurement of phi-meson production at forward rapidity in p plus p collisions at root s=510 GeV and its energy dependence from root s=200 GeV to 7 TeV

The PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider has measured the differential cross section of phi(1020)-meson production at forward rapidity in p + p collisions at root s = 510 GeV via the dimuon decay channel. The partial cross section in the rapidity and P-T ranges 1.2 <vertical bar y vertical bar <2.2 and 2 <p(T) <7 GeV/c is sigma(phi) = [2.28 +/- 0.09(stat) +/- 0.14(syst) +/- 0.27(norm)] x 10(-2) mb. The energy dependence of sigma(phi )(1.2 <vertical bar y vertical bar <2.2,2 <p(T) <5 GeV/c) is studied using the PHENIX measurements at root s = 200 and 510 GeV and the Large Hadron Collider measurements at root s = 2.76 and 7 TeV. The experimental results arc compared to various event generator predictions (PYTHIA6, PYTHIA8, PHOJET, AMPT, EPOS3, and EPOS-LHC).Peer reviewe