Estrategias para mejorar el comportaniento lector de los ni?os en el primer a?o de b?sica primaria de la sede Camilo Torres de la instituci?n educativa Policarpa Salavarrieta de la ciudad de Girardot

255 p. Recurso Electr?nicoLa investigaci?n ?Estrategias para mejorar el comportamiento lector de los ni?os en el primer a?o de la b?sica primaria de la sede Camilo Torres de la instituci?n educativa Policarpa Salavarrieta de la ciudad de Girardot? pretende analizar el estado inicial del comportamiento lector de los ni?os de la sede Camilo Torres y dise?ar un plan de acci?n que incluya diversas estrategias did?cticas para mejorarlo. Para identificar los aspectos abordados en la investigaci?n se tom? la muestra total de los ni?os del grado primero de la sede, a quienes se les realiz? una entrevista semiestructurada con preguntas abiertas que posteriormente fueron analizadas desde la perspectiva del enfoque de la investigaci?n cualitativa para realizar un proceso descriptivo y comprensivo de los fen?menos sociales observados. Con respecto a la comprensi?n de los datos se realiz? inicialmente el proceso de transcripci?n, sistematizaci?n y codificaci?n en esquemas que permitieron categorizar, ordenar y llegar a conclusiones generales a partir de las respuestas de los ni?os, posteriormente se dio el proceso de construcci?n de tres redes sist?micas que permitieron hacer el levantamiento de tres categor?as de an?lisis. De igual manera se realiz? una revisi?n te?rica de los elementos claves en el desarrollo del comportamiento lector pasando por la historia de la lectura, conceptos de la did?ctica de la lengua y la motivaci?n en la lectura. Basados en los resultados y como producto de la confrontaci?n de la teor?a y la pr?ctica se cre? un conjunto de nueve estrategias did?cticas para mejorar el comportamiento lector de los ni?os.The research ?Strategies to improve reading behavior of children in the first year of elementary school Camilo Torres headquarters of the school Policarpa Salavarrieta of Girardot city? analyzes the initial state of the reading behavior of children Camilo Torres headquarters and designs an action plan that includes various didactic strategies to improve it. In order to identify the issues raised in the investigation the total sample of children enrolled in the first grade of headquarters, who underwent a semistructured interview with open questions which were subsequently analyzed from the perspective of the approach to be taken qualitative research to carry out a descriptive and understanding of social phenomena observed process. With regard to the understanding of the transcription process data, systematization and coding schemes that enabled categorize, organize, and to draw general conclusions from the responses of children, then the process of construction of three systemic networks were initially performed that allowed you lift three analysis categories. Similarly a theoretical review of the key elements in the development of the reading behavior through the history of reading, concepts of didactic language and motivation in reading was performed. Based on the results and as a result of the confrontation of theory and practice a set of nine didactic strategies was established to improve the reading behavior of children. Keywords: Reading, reading behavior, didactic, strategy

Characterization of the binding and neutralizing properties of monoclonal antibodies against JCV

Antibody-based immunity to JC polyomavirus (JCV) is not well understood and monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) that functionally neutralize the infectivity of JCV have not been documented. (1). Virus Like Particles (VLP)-based ELISAs can detect JCV-binding antibodies that do not necessarily neutralize the infectivity of JCV. Therefore, functional neutralization-based serology will be needed to validate candidate JCV VLP vaccines and therapeutic McAbs. (2). The neutralizing activity of McAbs can be specific for particular genotypes and clinical strains. Hence, VLPs from multiple genotypes may be needed to formulate a vaccine that could protect against diverse JCV strains circulating in patients with progressive multifocal encephalopathy (PML)

Camel genetic resources conservation through tourism: A key sociocultural approach of camelback leisure riding

Camels are exotic elements, which can be comprised within adventure travel companies promoting ecotourism activities. Such recreations contribute to sustainable livelihoods for local communities and educational empowerment towards nature and its conservation. At present, some local camel breeds’ survival reduces to this animal-based leisure industry and its reliability to perform and promote customized services accurately. By conducting an on-site questionnaire to customers participating in camelback riding tours, we assessed the motivational factors affecting participation, satisfaction, and loyalty in this tourism segment that may have made it socially differentiated. The sixfold combination of staff performance, culture geography, diverse and humane close interaction, camel behavior and performance, sociotemporal context, and positive previous experience involves the elemental dimensions that explain customer satisfaction and return intention probability within this entertainment business. Customer knowledge is essential for stakeholders to build personalized riding experiences and align profits with environmental sustainability and biodiversity mainstream concerns into their everyday operations. In turn, domestic camel tourist rides could be managed as a viable path to nature conservation by helping endangered local breeds to avoid their functional devaluation and potential extinction

Microwave-assisted extraction of sulfated fucans from brown seaweed and evaluation of fungal strains for enzymesactive production toward this class of polysaccharide

Sulphated polysaccharides from brown seaweedss comprise a complex group of macromolecules with a wide range of important biological properties such as anticoagulant, antioxidant, antiproliferative, antitumoral, anticomplementary, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antipeptic and antiadhesive activities. Fucoidan is one of the main sulphated fucan, mostly interesting for their biological activities specially the potential to inhibit HIV reverse transcriptase and the possible application as active compound in antiretroviral drugs. However, algae remain largely unexploited and seaweeds can be found in sufficient amount for the commercial exploitation. Usually, most of the processes to recover sulfated polysaccharides from natural sources consist in acid extractions during long reaction times. Specific enzymes able to degrade fucoidan matrix (fucoidanases) are important tools to establish structural characteristics and biological functions of this polysaccharide. Such enzymes, have been only isolated from marine organisms. Reports of fungal microorganisms with enzymatic activity over this sulfated-polysaccharide are scarce. The aims of the present work were: 1) to recovery of sulphated polysaccharides (fucoidan) by microwave-assisted extraction under different operational conditions and 2) the identification of fungal strains able to growth over fucoidan-based media and to produce active fucoidanases

Extraction of sulfated polysaccharides by autohydrolysis of brown seaweed Fucus vesiculosus

The extraction of sulfated polysaccharides (fucoidan) by autohydrolysis (AH) of brown seaweed Fucus vesiculosus was studied. Experimental assays were performed under different conditions of temperature (160 to 200°C) and reaction time (10 to 30 min) according to a 22 central composite design, and the conditions able to maximize the fucoidan yield were selected. The alga degradation and the total sugar yield in the liquor after AH were also determined to each experimental condition. The highest fucoidan yield (∼16.5% w/w) was obtained when the AH process was performed at 180°C for 20 min. This product was characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography, infrared analysis spectroscopy, and thermal gravimetric analyses, which verified the presence of fucose and galactose as main components (70:30% mol ratio, in average) and an SO3 content higher than 20%. AH process under optimum reaction conditions was an effective method to recover fucoidan from F. vesiculosus. The use of this technology brings also important advantages from economical and environmental viewpoints since it does not require the use of chemical solvent and generates less waste when compared to conventional extraction procedures.R.M. Rodriguez-Jasso would like to thank the Mexican Science and Technology Council (CONACYT, Mexico) for Ph.D. fellowship support (grant number 213592/308679). The authors also thank Professor Isabel Sousa Pinto, Rita Araujo PhD from CII-MAR, University of Porto, and Bartolomeu de Souza PhD for the collaboration during the selection and collection of the seaweed used in this study

Effect of research impact on emerging camel husbandry, welfare and social-related awareness

The lack of applied scientific research on camels, despite them being recognized as production animals, compels the reorganization of emerging camel breeding systems with the aim of achieving successful camel welfare management strategies all over the world. Relevant and properly-framed research widely impacts dissemination of scientific contents and drives public willingness to enhance ethically acceptable conditions for domestic animals. Consumer perception of this livestock industry will improve and high-quality products will be obtained. This paper draws on bibliometric indicators as promoting factors for camel-related research advances, tracing historical scientific publications indexed in ScienceDirect directory from 1880–2019. Camel as a species did not affect Journal Citation Reports (JCR) impact (p > 0.05) despite the journal, author number, corresponding author origin, discipline and publication year affecting it (p < 0.001). Countries with traditionally well-established camel farming are also responsible for the papers with the highest academic impact. However, camel research advances may have only locally and partially influenced welfare related laws, so intentional harming acts and basic needs neglect may persist in these species. A sustainable camel industry requires those involved in camel research to influence business stakeholders and animal welfare advocacies by highlighting the benefits of camel wellbeing promotion, co-innovation partnership establishment and urgent enhancement of policy reform

Sorting live stem cells based on Sox2 mRNA expression.

PMCID: PMC3507951This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.While cell sorting usually relies on cell-surface protein markers, molecular beacons (MBs) offer the potential to sort cells based on the presence of any expressed mRNA and in principle could be extremely useful to sort rare cell populations from primary isolates. We show here how stem cells can be purified from mixed cell populations by sorting based on MBs. Specifically, we designed molecular beacons targeting Sox2, a well-known stem cell marker for murine embryonic (mES) and neural stem cells (NSC). One of our designed molecular beacons displayed an increase in fluorescence compared to a nonspecific molecular beacon both in vitro and in vivo when tested in mES and NSCs. We sorted Sox2-MB(+)SSEA1(+) cells from a mixed population of 4-day retinoic acid-treated mES cells and effectively isolated live undifferentiated stem cells. Additionally, Sox2-MB(+) cells isolated from primary mouse brains were sorted and generated neurospheres with higher efficiency than Sox2-MB(-) cells. These results demonstrate the utility of MBs for stem cell sorting in an mRNA-specific manner

Neutralization Serotyping of BK Polyomavirus Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Abstract BK polyomavirus (BKV or BKPyV) associated nephropathy affects up to 10% of kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). BKV isolates are categorized into four genotypes. It is currently unclear whether the four genotypes are also serotypes. To address this issue, we developed high-throughput serological assays based on antibody-mediated neutralization of BKV genotype I and IV reporter vectors (pseudoviruses). Neutralization-based testing of sera from mice immunized with BKV-I or BKV-IV virus-like particles (VLPs) or sera from naturally infected human subjects revealed that BKV-I specific serum antibodies are poorly neutralizing against BKV-IV and vice versa. The fact that BKV-I and BKV-IV are distinct serotypes was less evident in traditional VLP-based ELISAs. BKV-I and BKV-IV neutralization assays were used to examine BKV type-specific neutralizing antibody responses in KTRs at various time points after transplantation. At study entry, sera from 5% and 49% of KTRs showed no detectable neutralizing activity for BKV-I or BKV-IV neutralization, respectively. By one year after transplantation, all KTRs were neutralization seropositive for BKV-I, and 43% of the initially BKV-IV seronegative subjects showed evidence of acute seroconversion for BKV-IV neutralization. The results suggest a model in which BKV-IV-specific seroconversion reflects a de novo BKV-IV infection in KTRs who initially lack protective antibody responses capable of neutralizing genotype IV BKVs. If this model is correct, it suggests that pre-vaccinating prospective KTRs with a multivalent VLP-based vaccine against all BKV serotypes, or administration of BKV-neutralizing antibodies, might offer protection against graft loss or dysfunction due to BKV associated nephropathy

Submerged fermentation of combined induced media for the production of fungal enzymes with fucoidan degradation potential

Fucoidans are highly sulfated polysaccharides of brown algae widely used in fields as food and beverage, pharmacy, health medicine and cosmetics, due to their important biological properties as antitumoral, anticoagulant and antiviral activities. Enzymes with known specificities that catalyze the degradation of fucoidan are important tool for studying the relation between structure and biological role of this class of polysaccharide; however, there are few published reports on this topic. The aim of the present work was produce fungal enzymes with specific activity towards fucoidan sulfated matrix by submerged fermentation using combined induction media. Fermentation assays were performed with Aspergillus niger PSH, microorganism previously shown to have potential for fucoidan degradation. The tested media were Czapek Dox and Pontecorvo, supplemented with two carbon sources: A primary source composed by fucoidan Laminaria japonica (10 gL-1) and a secondary source composed by glucose, sucrose, lactose, fructose or sodium acetate, (5 gL-1) urea (5 gL-1) was used as nitrogen supply. The experiments were carried out in 100 mL Erlenmeyer flasks at 140 rpm, 30 ºC, and 1 x 106 spores ml-1 of conidial concentration. Biomass production, substrate consumption, extracellular and intracellular activity and protein content were evaluated. Kinetic parameters adjusted to Velhurst-Pearl and Luedeking y Piret models were estimated. Fungal growth was highest with sucrose in Czapek and Pontecorvo media (5.04 and 3.62 gL-1, respectively); the degradation of fucoidan was highest in Czapek media (1gL-1), also in this media with sucrose and fructose sources the consumption reached were 80%. Fucoidan hydrolytic enzymes were expressed only with sucrose (9.4 UL-1) and lactose (6.6 UL-1) in Czapek media. Intracellular activity was not detected. The present study demonstrated that the used fungal strain is able to synthesize fucoidan hydrolytic enzymes. These are the first results describing the production of enzymes from terrestrial fungus with ability to degrade fucoidan.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Foodways in transition: food plants, diet and local perceptions of change in a Costa Rican Ngäbe community

Background Indigenous populations are undergoing rapid ethnobiological, nutritional and socioeconomic transitions while being increasingly integrated into modernizing societies. To better understand the dynamics of these transitions, this article aims to characterize the cultural domain of food plants and analyze its relation with current day diets, and the local perceptions of changes given amongst the Ngäbe people of Southern Conte-Burica, Costa Rica, as production of food plants by its residents is hypothesized to be drastically in recession with an decreased local production in the area and new conservation and development paradigms being implemented. Methods Extensive freelisting, interviews and workshops were used to collect the data from 72 participants on their knowledge of food plants, their current dietary practices and their perceptions of change in local foodways, while cultural domain analysis, descriptive statistical analyses and development of fundamental explanatory themes were employed to analyze the data. Results Results show a food plants domain composed of 140 species, of which 85 % grow in the area, with a medium level of cultural consensus, and some age-based variation. Although many plants still grow in the area, in many key species a decrease on local production–even abandonment–was found, with much reduced cultivation areas. Yet, the domain appears to be largely theoretical, with little evidence of use; and the diet today is predominantly dependent on foods bought from the store (more than 50 % of basic ingredients), many of which were not salient or not even recognized as ‘food plants’ in freelists exercises. While changes in the importance of food plants were largely deemed a result of changes in cultural preferences for store bought processed food stuffs and changing values associated with farming and being food self-sufficient, Ngäbe were also aware of how changing household livelihood activities, and the subsequent loss of knowledge and use of food plants, were in fact being driven by changes in social and political policies, despite increases in forest cover and biodiversity. Conclusions Ngäbe foodways are changing in different and somewhat disconnected ways: knowledge of food plants is varied, reflecting most relevant changes in dietary practices such as lower cultivation areas and greater dependence on food from stores by all families. We attribute dietary shifts to socioeconomic and political changes in recent decades, in particular to a reduction of local production of food, new economic structures and agents related to the State and globalization