703 research outputs found
Site-bond representation and self-duality for totalistic probabilistic cellular automata
We study the one-dimensional two-state totalistic probabilistic cellular
automata (TPCA) having an absorbing state with long-range interactions, which
can be considered as a natural extension of the Domany-Kinzel model. We
establish the conditions for existence of a site-bond representation and
self-dual property. Moreover we present an expression of a set-to-set
connectedness between two sets, a matrix expression for a condition of the
self-duality, and a convergence theorem for the TPCA.Comment: 11 pages, minor corrections, journal reference adde
Noise driven dynamic phase transition in a a one dimensional Ising-like model
The dynamical evolution of a recently introduced one dimensional model in
\cite{biswas-sen} (henceforth referred to as model I), has been made stochastic
by introducing a parameter such that corresponds to the
Ising model and to the original model I. The equilibrium
behaviour for any value of is identical: a homogeneous state. We
argue, from the behaviour of the dynamical exponent ,that for any , the system belongs to the dynamical class of model I indicating a
dynamic phase transition at . On the other hand, the persistence
probabilities in a system of spins saturate at a value , where remains constant for all supporting the existence of the dynamic phase transition at .
The scaling function shows a crossover behaviour with for and for
.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, accepted version in Physical Review
Exact results for one dimensional stochastic cellular automata for different types of updates
We study two common types of time-noncontinuous updates for one dimensional
stochastic cellular automata with arbitrary nearest neighbor interactions and
arbitrary open boundary conditions. We first construct the stationary states
using the matrix product formalism. This construction then allows to prove a
general connection between the stationary states which are produced by the two
different types of updates. Using this connection, we derive explicit relations
between the densities and correlation functions for these different stationary
states.Comment: 7 pages, Late
The contact process in heterogeneous and weakly-disordered systems
The critical behavior of the contact process (CP) in heterogeneous periodic
and weakly-disordered environments is investigated using the supercritical
series expansion and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Phase-separation lines and
critical exponents (from series expansion) and (from MC
simulations) are calculated. A general analytical expression for the locus of
critical points is suggested for the weak-disorder limit and confirmed by the
series expansion analysis and the MC simulations. Our results for the critical
exponents show that the CP in heterogeneous environments remains in the
directed percolation (DP) universality class, while for environments with
quenched disorder, the data are compatible with the scenario of continuously
changing critical exponents.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Evolutionary dynamics on degree-heterogeneous graphs
The evolution of two species with different fitness is investigated on
degree-heterogeneous graphs. The population evolves either by one individual
dying and being replaced by the offspring of a random neighbor (voter model
(VM) dynamics) or by an individual giving birth to an offspring that takes over
a random neighbor node (invasion process (IP) dynamics). The fixation
probability for one species to take over a population of N individuals depends
crucially on the dynamics and on the local environment. Starting with a single
fitter mutant at a node of degree k, the fixation probability is proportional
to k for VM dynamics and to 1/k for IP dynamics.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, 2 column revtex4 format. Revisions in response to
referee comments for publication in PRL. The version on arxiv.org has one
more figure than the published PR
Subcritical behavior in the alternating supercritical Domany-Kinzel dynamics
Cellular automata are widely used to model real-world dynamics. We show using
the Domany-Kinzel probabilistic cellular automata that alternating two
supercritical dynamics can result in subcritical dynamics in which the
population dies out. The analysis of the original and reduced models reveals
generality of this paradoxical behavior, which suggests that autonomous or
man-made periodic or random environmental changes can cause extinction in
otherwise safe population dynamics. Our model also realizes another scenario
for the Parrondo's paradox to occur, namely, spatial extensions.Comment: 8 figure
Non-equilibrium mean-field theories on scale-free networks
Many non-equilibrium processes on scale-free networks present anomalous
critical behavior that is not explained by standard mean-field theories. We
propose a systematic method to derive stochastic equations for mean-field order
parameters that implicitly account for the degree heterogeneity. The method is
used to correctly predict the dynamical critical behavior of some binary spin
models and reaction-diffusion processes. The validity of our non-equilibrium
theory is furtherly supported by showing its relation with the generalized
Landau theory of equilibrium critical phenomena on networks.Comment: 4 pages, no figures, major changes in the structure of the pape
The contact process in disordered and periodic binary two-dimensional lattices
The critical behavior of the contact process in disordered and periodic
binary 2d-lattices is investigated numerically by means of Monte Carlo
simulations as well as via an analytical approximation and standard mean field
theory. Phase-separation lines calculated numerically are found to agree well
with analytical predictions around the homogeneous point. For the disordered
case, values of static scaling exponents obtained via quasi-stationary
simulations are found to change with disorder strength. In particular, the
finite-size scaling exponent of the density of infected sites approaches a
value consistent with the existence of an infinite-randomness fixed point as
conjectured before for the 2d disordered CP. At the same time, both dynamical
and static scaling exponents are found to coincide with the values established
for the homogeneous case thus confirming that the contact process in a
heterogeneous environment belongs to the directed percolation universality
class.Comment: submitted to Physical Review
Maintaining Aircraft Orientation Awareness with Audio Displays
This study was conducted to determine an appropriate task with which to test alternative orientation display formats, and to test a preliminary set of audio orientation symbology sets. Participants were required to perform three tasks simultaneously. The first task was a visual search (target designation) task. The second task was a radar monitoring task. Both of these tasks were performed on a head-down display. The third task consisted of monitoring aircraft orientation on a head-up display. The third task employed the study’s one independent variable – orientation symbology sets. When performing the aircraft orientation task, orientation was displayed in three ways: visual only, visual plus discrete audio orientation information, and visual plus continuous audio orientation information. Performance measures on all three tasks were collected. Results showed that participants responded more quickly to changes in aircraft orientation with the presence of discrete audio orientation information. Lessons learned about the tasks chosen for this study and the audio display symbology sets are discussed
Cluster size distributions in particle systems with asymmetric dynamics
We present exact and asymptotic results for clusters in the one-dimensional
totally asymmetric exclusion process (TASEP) with two different dynamics. The
expected length of the largest cluster is shown to diverge logarithmically with
increasing system size for ordinary TASEP dynamics and as a logarithm divided
by a double logarithm for generalized dynamics, where the hopping probability
of a particle depends on the size of the cluster it belongs to. The connection
with the asymptotic theory of extreme order statistics is discussed in detail.
We also consider a related model of interface growth, where the deposited
particles are allowed to relax to the local gravitational minimum.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, RevTe
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