Refinement of 1p36 Alterations Not Involving PRDM16 in Myeloid and Lymphoid Malignancies

Fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed to characterize 81 cases of myeloid and lymphoid malignancies with cytogenetic 1p36 alterations not affecting the PRDM16 locus. In total, three subgroups were identified: balanced translocations (N = 27) and telomeric rearrangements (N = 15), both mainly observed in myeloid disorders; and unbalanced non-telomeric rearrangements (N = 39), mainly observed in lymphoid proliferations and frequently associated with a highly complex karyotype. The 1p36 rearrangement was isolated in 12 cases, mainly myeloid disorders. The breakpoints on 1p36 were more widely distributed than previously reported, but with identifiable rare breakpoint cluster regions, such as the TP73 locus. We also found novel partner loci on 1p36 for the known multi-partner genes HMGA2 and RUNX1. We precised the common terminal 1p36 deletion, which has been suggested to have an adverse prognosis, in B-cell lymphomas [follicular lymphomas and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas with t(14;18)(q32;q21) as well as follicular lymphomas without t(14;18)]. Intrachromosomal telomeric repetitive sequences were detected in at least half the cases of telomeric rearrangements. It is unclear how the latter rearrangements occurred and whether they represent oncogenic events or result from chromosomal instability during oncogenesis

Clutter reduction in GPR measurements for detecting shallow buried landmines: a Colombian case study

Detection of land-mines from ground-penetrating radar data is a challenging task demanding accurate and useful filtering techniques to reduce soil-surface and antenna reflections, which obscure the land-mine response. In this paper, we apply and adapt a recently proposed filtering approach to enhance the detection of shallow buried anti-personnel land-mines from data acquired in typical mine-affected soils in Colombia. The methodology combines a radar-antenna-subsurface model with phase-shift migration to filter out antenna and soil-surface effects from off-ground monostatic radar two-dimensional data. Firstly, antenna Multiple reflections are removed using linear transfer functions. Secondly, simulated Green's functions accounting for the surface reflection are subtracted. These functions are derived using the relative dielectric permittivity of the surface, which is estimated by full-wave inversion of the radar signal for measurements taken in local land-mine-free areas. Finally, the antenna radiation pattern effect is filtered out by performing phase-shift migration, and information about size and shape is extracted. Data are acquired using a hand-held vector network analyser connected to an off-ground monostatic horn antenna. Typical Colombian targets such as low-metallic anti-personnel land-mines and low- and non-metallic improvised explosive devices are used. Results prove that the proposed technique effectively reduces clutter under non-controlled conditions and yields target features that are useful for detection of these land-mines

Integrating coarse-scale uncertain soil moisture data into a fine-scale hydrological modelling scenario

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