The role of earnout financing on the valuation effects of global diversification

This article examines the impact of earnout financing on the value of acquiring firms engaged in cross-border acquisitions (CBAs), using a dataset of UK, US, Canadian and Australian firms from 1992 to 2012. The results show that firms initiating international business operations via earnout-financed CBAs enhance their value more than acquirers in (a) domestic acquisitions and (b) remaining CBAs by established multinational corporations (MNCs). Our findings demonstrate the superiority of earnout financing in CBAs announced by acquirers that have no prior international business experience. The results are robust to the firms’ endogenous choice to diversify globally and to the use of earnout financing. We contend that earnouts contribute to the reduction of valuation risk faced by firms acquiring a foreign target firm for the first time. Our empirical findings contribute to the existing debate on the merit of international expansion through CBAs and the role of earnout contingent payment

Wkly Abstr Sanit Rep

19316654PMCnul

Metastatic germ cell testicular tumor of the eye and brain: Case report

The aim of this report is to contribute to the clinical understanding of this rare combined pathology. Intraocular metastatic tumors are rarely encountered pathologies. Mostly encountered primary sites are breast, prostate, kidney, lung and skin. Testis as a primary site for orbital metastases is rather rare. Metastasis to orbit usually occurs to periorbital structures, but to vitreus is relatively rare. Here we describe a case of intraocular metastatic tumor to the vitreus originating from testicular embryonal cell carcinoma. Patient with intraocular tumor had also intracranial metastasis. He was operated on for intracranial lesion, after an uneventfull postoperative period he was discharged. 2 months later when he died, postmortem examination of the intraocular lesion reported as metastatic embryonal cell carcinoma. As a conclusion testicular embryonal cell carcinoma, eventhough rare, must be considered to metastasize to the eye

Cerebellar dermoid cysts with hydrocephalus

Intracranial dermoid cyst is a rare entity, accounting less than 1% of all intracranial tumors. The most common localization is midline at the posterior fossa. They usually cause symptoms related to compression, infection, hydrocephalus, or a combination of all. The controversy arises about the preoperative treatment planning. Since infection is a major risk in those patients, inserting a shunt at the same session of tumor removal may not be achieved. Total resection of tumor is a must. We present two cases of posterior fossa dermoid cysts with hydrocephalus as a complication. First case presented with the symptoms of meningitis. She had no hydrocephalus at the time of surgery. The second case had hydrocephalus but no sign of infection. Both cases needed ventriculo-peritoneal shunt insertion. Hydrocephalus may occur at any time during the course of the disease. But appropriate time of handling is important to avoid increased morbidity and mortality related to the shunt infection failure. © 2004, IOS Press. All rights reserved

Public Health Rep

19313225PMCnul

Comparing open surgery with endoscopic releasing in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome

Aim: The aim of this study is to retrospectively assess the complications and result of cases that underwent open surgery or endoscopic releasing for carpel tunnel syndrome. Method: A total of 50 cases of carpel tunnel syndrome, 30 of whom underwent endoscopic release using the biportal extrabursal technique described by Chow, and the other 20 that underwent open surgery were included in the study. Average age of the cases was 41 (24-62), 44 of them were females and 6 males. Results: Follow-up examinations of the patients at the first and third month after operation revealed no limitation of activity in 40 (80%) cases, minimal limitation in 4 (8%), moderate limitation in 5 (10%) and significant limitation in 1 (2%). Among the group that underwent endoscopic release, as a major complication, the median nerve was almost totally cut in a patient undergoing endoscopic release. During the same operation setting perifascicular neurorrhaphy was done. Fourth and fifth digital nerve lesions occurred in three cases. Among the group that underwent open surgery fourth and fifth digital nerve injury occurred in one case, and in another case severe inflammation requiring reoperation occurred. Conclusion: Before intervention, cases of carpal tunnel syndrome should be examined well as regards which technique to use. Experience of the surgeon with the technique to be used should also be taken into consideration. Endoscopic carpal tunnel releasing, though a relatively easier procedure, leads to neurovascular injuries more frequently than open surgery; thus open surgery appears to be safer

Cranial gunshot injuries and treatment approaches

21 patients with gunshot wounds were retrospectively evaluated. They were 19 male and 2 female, age range was 9-24. All of the patients underwent a plain x-ray and computed tomography evaluation. 9 patients had intracerebral hematoma, 4 had subdural hematoma, 1 had epidural hematoma and 1 had intraventricular hematoma. 9 patients were observed to have bullet in the cranium. All the patients with glasgow coma scale 3-5 at the admittance died. 15 patients underwent surgical treatment. 3 patients had cerebrospinal fluid fistula postoperatively and underwent reoperation. Extensivity of the lacerated brain, localization of the lesion and the glasgow coma scale at the admittance affect the outcome in gunshot wounds

carpal tunnel syndrome

Aim: The aim of this study is to retrospectively assess the complications and result of cases that underwent open surgery or endoscopic releasing for carpel tunnel syndrome.Method: A total of 50 cases of carpel tunnel syndrome, 30 of whom underwent endoscopic release using the biportal extra-bursal technique described by Chow, and the other 20 that underwent open surgery were included in the study. Average age of the cases was 41 (24-62),44 of them were females and 6 males.Results: Follow-up examinations of the patients at the first and third month after operation revealed no limitation of activity in 40 (80%) cases, minimal limitation in 4 (8%), moderate limitation in 5 (10%) and significant limitation in 1 (2%). Among the group that underwent endoscopic release, as a major complication, the median nerve was almost totally cut in a patient under-going endoscopic release. During the same operation setting perifascicular neurorrhaphy was done. Fourth and fifth digital nerve lesions occurred in three cases. Among the group that underwent open surgery fourth and fifth digital nerve injury occurred in one case, and in another case severe inflammation requiring reoperation occurred.Conclusion: Before intervention, cases of carpal tunnel syndrome should be examined well as regards which technique to use. Experience of the surgeon with the technique to be used should also be taken into consideration. Endoscopic carpal tunnel releasing, though a relatively easier procedure, leads to neurovascular injuries more frequently than open surgery; thus open surgery appears to be safer