Assessment of the biological value of forages according to the control tests of milk and its use in the organization of feeding of dairy cattle

The article presents the results of the assessment of the biological usefulness of feed according to the control tests of milk. Scientific research was carried out in LLC "Minskoye" of the Kostroma district of the Kostroma region on a population of 369 cows of the Kostroma and Black-and-White breeds according to the seasons of the year. The authors found that in terms of the level of digestible protein in lactating cows, there is an imbalance in almost all seasons of the year, so most animals are prone to diseases associated with metabolic disorders. The level of rumen acidity in animals of the Koroma breed was more stable (pH = 6.2-6.4) in all seasons of the year, which indicates a lower likelihood of developing acidosis, in contrast to Black-and-White breed cows. Based on the indicators of milk control tests, insufficient supply of raw protein to cows of the Kostroma and Black-and-White breeds during the milking period was established. The highest daily milk yields (more than 30 kg of milk) were obtained from cows in the first and second periods of lactation in all seasons of the year. In animals with a level of availability of digestible protein of 10.3-10.9 g/MJ, there is a normal ratio of fat: protein (1.26:1), with a profitability level of 66.11%, while animals with an insufficient level availability of digestible protein of 10.2 g/MJ and less, had the level of profitability of milk production 73.93 and 86.44%, respectively. When the level of availability of digestible protein is more than 11.0 g/MJ in animals, the likelihood of acidosis increases. Evaluation of the biological value of feeds according to control tests of milk during the period of control milkings will allow monitoring the energy and protein nutrition of animals

Concept of Intellectual Energy Management at Industrial Enterprises

In modern conditions, the phenomenon of intellectualization of management, which means the strengthening of the role of human capital and knowledge in strategic management, is becoming increasingly important. Intellectualization is actively used in the management of energy systems: on the one hand, enterprises seek to increase their autonomy; on the other hand, they seek to effectively use the accumulated human capital to maintain their competitive edge. Despite the fact that the main principles of achieving energy efficiency are declared in international standards, there is an important conceptual task of the development of a theoretical platform for integrating existing technological solutions and accumulated human capital for their further improvement. The purpose of this study is to develop a concept of intelligent energy management that allows for integrating social and structural elements of energy infrastructure through the use of specific human capital and external cooperation for the exchange of intellectual resources. The proposed theoretical provisions underpin a conceptual platform for the use of analytical and diagnostic tools aimed at studying internal human capital and adapting energy systems to the characteristics of human behavior in the work environment. The application of the concept will also enable the analysis of the internal environment for managing specific risks arising from the introduction of automation elements of energy systems.Усиление глобальной конкуренции на международных рынках промышленной продукции обусловливают участие компаний по всему миру в процессах непрерывного повышения эффективности производства за счет внедрения технологических и организационных инноваций. Существенный потенциал повышения конкурентоспособности связан с энергосбережением, которое связывается с систематическим применением инструментов энергетического менеджмента для достижения гармоничного развития социальных систем и энергетической инфраструктуры предприятий. В современных условиях все большую актуальность получает феномен интеллектуализации управления, обозначающий усиление роли человеческого капитала и знаний в стратегическом управлении. Интеллектуализация активно используется при управлении энергетическими системами: с одной стороны, предприятия стремятся повысить их автономность, с другой стороны, они стремятся эффективно использовать накопленный человеческий капитал для сохранения конкурентоспособности. Несмотря на то, что основные принципы достижения энергоэффективности декларированы в международном стандарте, важной концептуальной задачей становится разработка теоретической платформы для интеграции существующих технологических решений и накопленного человеческого капитала для их дальнейшего совершенствования. Целью данного исследования является разработка концепции интеллектуального энергетического менеджмента, позволяющей интегрировать социальные и структурные элементы энергетической инфраструктуры за счет использования специфического человеческого капитала сотрудников и внешней кооперации для обмена интеллектуальными ресурсами. Предлагаемые теоретические положения позволят создать концептуальную платформу для применения аналитических и диагностических инструментов, направленных на исследование внутреннего человеческого капитала и адаптацию энергетических систем к особенностям человеческого поведения в производственной среде. Применение концепции позволит также осуществлять анализ внутренней среды для управления специфическими рисками, возникающими при внедрении элементов автоматизации энергетических систем

Hadron shower decomposition in the highly granular CALICE analogue hadron calorimeter

The spatial development of hadronic showers in the CALICE scintillator-steel analogue hadron calorimeter is studied using test beam data collected at CERN and FNAL for single positive pions and protons with initial momenta in the range from 10 to 80 GeV/c. Both longitudinal and radial development of hadron showers are parametrised with two-component functions. The parametrisation is fit to test beam data and simulations using the QGSP_BERT and FTFP_BERT physics lists from Geant4 version 9.6. The parameters extracted from data and simulated samples are compared for the two types of hadrons. The response to pions and the ratio of the non-electromagnetic to the electromagnetic calorimeter response, h/e, are estimated using the extrapolation and decomposition of the longitudinal profiles.Comment: 38 pages, 19 figures, 5 tables; author list changed; submitted to JINS

Shower development of particles with momenta from 15 GeV to 150 GeV in the CALICE scintillator-tungsten hadronic calorimeter

We present a study of showers initiated by electrons, pions, kaons, and protons with momenta from 15 GeV to 150 GeV in the highly granular CALICE scintillator-tungsten analogue hadronic calorimeter. The data were recorded at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron in 2011. The analysis includes measurements of the calorimeter response to each particle type as well as measurements of the energy resolution and studies of the longitudinal and radial shower development for selected particles. The results are compared to Geant4 simulations (version 9.6.p02). In the study of the energy resolution we include previously published data with beam momenta from 1 GeV to 10 GeV recorded at the CERN Proton Synchrotron in 2010.Comment: 35 pages, 21 figures, 8 table

XPS studies of the energy band structure of three Y3+-based fluoride

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was applied to the study of the energy band structure of three Y3+-containing insulating crystals: YF3, LiYF4 and KYF4. No features were found in the photoelectron spectra of YF3 and LiYF4 which may be related to the difference in behavior of the scintillation properties of these crystals doped with rare earth ions. Comparison of the photoelectron and luminescence spectra for a KYF4 crystal, which possesses so-called crossluminescence, gave some indication for the existence of lattice relaxation in the vicinity of the long-lived K+ 3p hole

The impact of human capital management practices on energy efficiency of production

Проблемы управления человеческим капиталом в промышленности получили широкое распространение в последнее время. Предшествующие исследования показывают, что обучение сотрудников и развитие их компетенций в области энергетического менеджмента ведет к распространению принципов энергоэффективности в производстве и последовательному сокращению потребления энергетических ресурсов и потерь энергии. Целью данной статьи является разработка теоретических проблем энергосбережения и формирования гипотез, отражающих влияние отдельных практик управления человеческим капиталом на энергетическую эффективность производства. По завершении анализа мы предлагаем модель для оценки вклада практик управления человеческим капиталом, таких как обучение, мотивация и управление культурой коммуникации на результативность энергетического менеджмента предприятия. В состав модели входят переменные, отражающие влияние практик управления на внутреннюю среду и на репутацию компании во внешней среде.Human capital management problems in the industry have proliferated in recent years. Previous studies show that employee training and development of their competencies in the field of energy management leads to dissemination of the energy efficiency principles in production systems, consistent reduction of energy resources consumption, and energy loss. The purpose of this article is to develop a theoretical approach to energy saving and form hypotheses, reflecting the impact of certain human capital management practices for energy efficiency. On the final stage of the analysis, we propose a model to estimate the contribution of human capital man-agement practices, such as training, motivation and management of the communication culture on the effectiveness of the enterprise energy management. The structure of the model includes variables reflecting the effect of management practices on the internal environment and the company's reputation