2,821 research outputs found
Experimentally generating and tuning robust entanglement between photonic qubits
We generate and study the entanglement properties of novel states composed of
three polarisation-encoded photonic qubits. By varying a single experimental
parameter we can coherently move from a fully separable state to a maximally
robust W state, while at all times preserving an optimally robust, symmetric
entanglement configuration. We achieve a high fidelity with these
configurations experimentally, including the highest reported W state fidelity.Comment: lower print quality for arxiv figure
Manipulating biphotonic qutrits
Quantum information carriers with higher dimension than the canonical qubit
offer significant advantages. However, manipulating such systems is extremely
difficult. We show how measurement induced non-linearities can be employed to
dramatically extend the range of possible transforms on biphotonic qutrits; the
three level quantum systems formed by the polarisation of two photons in the
same spatio-temporal mode. We fully characterise the biphoton-photon
entanglement that underpins our technique, thereby realising the first instance
of qubit-qutrit entanglement. We discuss an extension of our technique to
generate qutrit-qutrit entanglement and to manipulate any bosonic encoding of
quantum information.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Demonstration of a simple entangling optical gate and its use in Bell-state analysis
We demonstrate a new architecture for an optical entangling gate that is
significantly simpler than previous realisations, using partially-polarising
beamsplitters so that only a single optical mode-matching condition is
required. We demonstrate operation of a controlled-Z gate in both
continuous-wave and pulsed regimes of operation, fully characterising it in
each case using quantum process tomography. We also demonstrate a
fully-resolving, nondeterministic optical Bell-state analyser based on this
controlled-Z gate. This new architecture is ideally suited to guided optics
implementations of optical gates.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. v2: additional author, improved data and figures
(low res), some other minor changes. Accepted for publication in PR
Quantum process tomography of a controlled-NOT gate
We demonstrate complete characterization of a two-qubit entangling process -
a linear optics controlled-NOT gate operating with coincident detection - by
quantum process tomography. We use maximum-likelihood estimation to convert the
experimental data into a physical process matrix. The process matrix allows
accurate prediction of the operation of the gate for arbitrary input states,
and calculation of gate performance measures such as the average gate fidelity,
average purity and entangling capability of our gate, which are 0.90, 0.83 and
0.73, respectively.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures. v2 contains new data corresponding to improved
gate operation. Figure quality slightly reduced for arXi
Experimental demonstration of Shor's algorithm with quantum entanglement
Shor's powerful quantum algorithm for factoring represents a major challenge
in quantum computation and its full realization will have a large impact on
modern cryptography. Here we implement a compiled version of Shor's algorithm
in a photonic system using single photons and employing the non-linearity
induced by measurement. For the first time we demonstrate the core processes,
coherent control, and resultant entangled states that are required in a
full-scale implementation of Shor's algorithm. Demonstration of these processes
is a necessary step on the path towards a full implementation of Shor's
algorithm and scalable quantum computing. Our results highlight that the
performance of a quantum algorithm is not the same as performance of the
underlying quantum circuit, and stress the importance of developing techniques
for characterising quantum algorithms.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures + half-page additional online materia
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Photoplethysmographic signals recorded from human abdominal organs using a fibreoptic probe
Integrated Photonic Sensing
Loss is a critical roadblock to achieving photonic quantum-enhanced
technologies. We explore a modular platform for implementing integrated
photonics experiments and consider the effects of loss at different stages of
these experiments, including state preparation, manipulation and measurement.
We frame our discussion mainly in the context of quantum sensing and focus
particularly on the use of loss-tolerant Holland-Burnett states for optical
phase estimation. In particular, we discuss spontaneous four-wave mixing in
standard birefringent fibre as a source of pure, heralded single photons and
present methods of optimising such sources. We also outline a route to
programmable circuits which allow the control of photonic interactions even in
the presence of fabrication imperfections and describe a ratiometric
characterisation method for beam splitters which allows the characterisation of
complex circuits without the need for full process tomography. Finally, we
present a framework for performing state tomography on heralded states using
lossy measurement devices. This is motivated by a calculation of the effects of
fabrication imperfections on precision measurement using Holland-Burnett
states.Comment: 19 pages, 7 figure
a pilot randomized controlled trial
Objectives: Our primary aim of this pilot study was to test feasibility of the
planned design, the interventions (education plus telephone coaching), and the
outcome measures, and to facilitate a power calculation for a future
randomized controlled trial to improve adherence to recovery goals following
hip fracture. Design: This is a parallel 1:1 randomized controlled feasibility
study. Setting: The study was conducted in a teaching hospital in Vancouver,
BC, Canada. Participants: Participants were community-dwelling adults over 60
years of age with a recent hip fracture. They were recruited and assessed in
hospital, and then randomized after hospital discharge to the intervention or
control group by a web-based randomization service. Treatment allocation was
concealed to the investigators, measurement team, and data entry assistants
and analysts. Participants and the research physiotherapist were aware of
treatment allocation. Intervention: Intervention included usual care for hip
fracture plus a 1-hour in-hospital educational session using a patient-
centered educational manual and four videos, and up to five postdischarge
telephone calls from a physiotherapist to provide recovery coaching. The
control group received usual care plus a 1-hour in-hospital educational
session using the educational manual and videos. Measurement: Our primary
outcome was feasibility, specifically recruitment and retention of
participants. We also collected selected health outcomes, including health-
related quality of life (EQ5D-5L), gait speed, and psychosocial factors
(ICEpop CAPability measure for Older people and the Hospital Anxiety and
Depression Scale). Results: Our pilot study results indicate that it is
feasible to recruit, retain, and provide follow-up telephone coaching to older
adults after hip fracture. We enrolled 30 older adults (mean age 81.5 years;
range 61–97 years), representing a 42% recruitment rate. Participants excluded
were those who were not community dwelling on admission, were discharged to a
residential care facility, had physician-diagnosed dementia, and/or had
medical contraindications to participation. There were 27 participants who
completed the study: eleven in the intervention group, 15 in the control
group, and one participant completed a qualitative interview only. There were
no differences between groups for health measures. Conclusion: We highlight
the feasibility of telephone coaching for older adults after hip fracture to
improve adherence to mobility recovery goals
Quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping with linear optics logic gates
We report on the usage of a linear optics phase gate for distinguishing all
four Bell states simultaneously in a quantum teleportation and entanglement
swapping protocol. This is demonstrated by full state tomography of the one and
two qubit output states of the two protocols, yielding average state fidelities
of about 0.83 and 0.77, respectively. In addition, the performance of the
teleportation channel is characterised by quantum process tomography. The non
classical properties of the entanglement swapping output states are further
confirmed by the violation of a CHSH-type Bell inequality of 2.14 on average.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure
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