Chiral Doubling of Heavy-Light Hadrons and the Vector Manifestation of Hidden Local Symmetry

Starting with a hidden local symmetry Lagrangian at the vector manifestation (VM) fixed point that incorporates heavy-quark symmetry and matching the bare theory to QCD, we calculate the splitting of chiral doublers of heavy-light mesons proposed by Nowak, Rho and Zahed, and Bardeen and Hill. We show, in the three-flavor chiral limit, that the splitting is directly proportional to the light-quark condensate and comes out to be \sim (1/3) m_N where m_N is the nucleon mass, implying that the splitting vanishes in the chiral limit at the chiral restoration point -- temperature T_c, density n_c or number of flavors N_F^c. The result turns out to be surprisingly simple with the vector (\rho) meson playing the crucial role in quantum corrections, pointing to the relevance of the VM to QCD in the way chiral symmetry is manifested in hadronic matter. We also make predictions on the hadronic decay processes of the excited heavy (charm) -light mesons \tilde{D}.Comment: 28 pages, 3 figure, sectionalized, added several new analyses including an analysis on the decay processes of excited heavy meson

Is there a black hole minimum mass?

Applying the first and generalised second laws of thermodynamics for a realistic process of near critical black hole formation, we derive an entropy bound, which is identical to Bekenstein's one for radiation. Relying upon this bound, we derive an absolute minimum mass $\sim0.04 \sqrt{g_{*}}m_{\rm Pl}$, where $g_{*}$ and $m_{\rm Pl}$ is the effective degrees of freedom for the initial temparature and the Planck mass, respectively. Since this minimum mass coincides with the lower bound on masses of which black holes can be regarded as classical against the Hawking evaporation, the thermodynamical argument will not prohibit the formation of the smallest classical black hole. For more general situations, we derive a minimum mass, which may depend on the initial value for entropy per particle. For primordial black holes, however, we show that this minimum mass can not be much greater than the Planck mass at any formation epoch of the Universe, as long as $g_{*}$ is within a reasonable range. We also derive a size-independent upper bound on the entropy density of a stiff fluid in terms of the energy density.Comment: 4 pages, accepted for publication in Physical Review D, minor correctio

Conformal Phase Transition and Fate of the Hidden Local Symmetry in Large N_f QCD

It is observed that the Hidden Local Symmetry (HLS) for the vector mesons in the ordinary QCD with smaller N_f plays the role of the "Higgsed magnetic gauge symmetry" for the Seiberg duality in the SUSY QCD. For large N_f where the conformal phase transition with chiral restoration and deconfinement is expected to take place, we find that the HLS model also exhibits the chiral restoration by the loop corrections (including the quadratic divergence) in a manner similar to that in the CP^{N-1} model, provided that the bare HLS Lagrangian respects the Georgi's vector limit at a certain N_f (\approx 7).Comment: 4 Pages (RevTeX), 3 PS figures are included Minor corrections are made for the introductory part. This is the version to appear in Physical Review Letter

Comment on ``Confirmation of the Sigma Meson''

We comment on the recent paper by N.A. Tornqvist and M. Roos published in Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 1575 (1996).Comment: 3 pages (LaTeX), 1 PostScript Figur

Redox functionality mediated by adsorbed oxygen on a Pd-oxide film over a Pd(100) thin structure: A first-principles study

Stable oxygen sites on a PdO film over a Pd(100) thin structures with a (sqrt{5} times sqrt{5}) R27^circ surface-unit cell are determined using the first-principles electronic structure calculations with the generalized gradient approximation. The adsorbed monatomic oxygen goes to a site bridging two 2-fold-coordinated Pd atoms or to a site bridging a 2-fold-coordinated Pd atom and a 4-fold-coordinated Pd atom. Estimated reaction energies of CO oxidation by reduction of the oxidized PdO film and N_2O reduction mediated by oxidation of the PdO film are exothermic. Motion of the adsorbed oxygen atom between the two stable sites is evaluated using the nudged elastic band method, where an energy barrier for a translational motion of the adsorbed oxygen may become sim 0.45 eV, which is low enough to allow fluxionality of the surface oxygen at high temperatures. The oxygen fluxionality is allowed by existence of 2-fold-coordinated Pd atoms on the PdO film, whose local structure has similarity to that of Pd catalysts for the Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling. Although NO_x (including NO_2 and NO) reduction is not always catalyzed only by the PdO film, we conclude that there may happen continual redox reactions mediated by oxygen-adsorbed PdO films over a Pd surface structure, when the influx of NO_x and CO continues, and when the reaction cycle is kept on a well-designed oxygen surface.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, submitted to J. Phys. Condens. Matte

Diffusion in the Continuous-Imaginary-Time Quantum World-Line Monte Carlo Simulations with Extended Ensembles

The dynamics of samples in the continuous-imaginary-time quantum world-line Monte Carlo simulations with extended ensembles are investigated. In the case of a conventional flat ensemble on the one-dimensional quantum S=1 bi-quadratic model, the asymmetric behavior of Monte Carlo samples appears in the diffusion process in the space of the number of vertices. We prove that a local diffusivity is asymptotically proportional to the number of vertices, and we demonstrate the asymmetric behavior in the flat ensemble case. On the basis of the asymptotic form, we propose the weight of an optimal ensemble as $1/\sqrt{n}$, where $n$ denotes the number of vertices in a sample. It is shown that the asymmetric behavior completely vanishes in the case of the proposed ensemble on the one-dimensional quantum S=1 bi-quadratic model.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, update a referenc

Wilsonian Matching of Effective Field Theory with Underlying QCD

We propose a novel way of matching effective field theory with the underlying QCD in the sense of a Wilsonian renormalization group equation (RGE). We derive Wilsonian matching conditions between current correlators obtained by the operator product expansion in QCD and those by the hidden local symmetry (HLS) model. This determines without much ambiguity the bare parameters of the HLS at the cutoff scale in terms of the QCD parameters. Physical quantities for the pi and rho system are calculated by the Wilsonian RGE's from the bare parameters in remarkable agreement with the experiment.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, Minor corrections. This is the version to appear in Physical Review

A Reversibility Parameter for a Markovian Stepper

Recent experimental studies on the stepwize motion of biological molecular motors have revealed that the ``characteristic distance'' of a step is usually less than the actual step size. This observation implies that the detailed-balance condition for kinetic rates of steps is violated in these motors. In this letter, in order to clarify the significance of the characteristic distance, we study a Langevin model of a molecular motor with a hidden degree of freedom. We find that the ratio of the characteristic distance to the step size is equal to unity if the dominant paths in the state space are one dimensional, while it deviates from unity if the dominant paths are branched. Therefore, this parameter can be utilized to determine the reversibility of a motor even under a restricted observation.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures - minor revision

Effective Theory Approach to the Skyrme model and Application to Pentaquarks

The Skyrme model is reconsidered from an effective theory point of view. From the most general chiral Lagrangian up to including terms of order $p^4$, $N_c$ and $\delta m^2$ ($\delta m\equiv m_s-m$), new interactions, which have never been considered before, appear upon collective coordinate quantization. We obtain the parameter set best fitted to the observed low-lying baryon masses, by performing the second order perturbative calculations with respect to $\delta m$. We calculate the masses and the decay widths of the other members of (mainly) anti-decuplet pentaquark states. The formula for the decay widths is reconsidered and its baryon mass dependence is clarified.Comment: 65 pages, 1 figure. Revised version:the complete second order perturbative calculations performed and two appendices adde