Deep convolutional neural networks for face and iris presentation attack detection: Survey and case study

Biometric presentation attack detection is gaining increasing attention. Users of mobile devices find it more convenient to unlock their smart applications with finger, face or iris recognition instead of passwords. In this paper, we survey the approaches presented in the recent literature to detect face and iris presentation attacks. Specifically, we investigate the effectiveness of fine tuning very deep convolutional neural networks to the task of face and iris antispoofing. We compare two different fine tuning approaches on six publicly available benchmark datasets. Results show the effectiveness of these deep models in learning discriminative features that can tell apart real from fake biometric images with very low error rate. Cross-dataset evaluation on face PAD showed better generalization than state of the art. We also performed cross-dataset testing on iris PAD datasets in terms of equal error rate which was not reported in literature before. Additionally, we propose the use of a single deep network trained to detect both face and iris attacks. We have not noticed accuracy degradation compared to networks trained for only one biometric separately. Finally, we analyzed the learned features by the network, in correlation with the image frequency components, to justify its prediction decision.Comment: A preprint of a paper accepted by IET Biometrics journal and is subject to Institution of Engineering and Technology Copyrigh

Role of the co-transcriptional regulators Yap/Taz in the normal and fibrotic lung epithelia

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal disease that exhibits patterns of usual interstitial pneumonia with honeycombing. IPF is characterized by damaged distal lung epithelium with excessive tissue scarring and extracellular matrix remodeling. The etiology of IPF is unknown and current therapies cannot end or reverse disease progression. Aberrant reactivation of developmental pathways is evident in IPF. Among these developmental actors are the co-transcriptional regulators Yap and Taz (YT). YT modulate processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and organ size and are regulated by the Hippo pathway. YT do not have a DNA binding domain but act through interaction with other transcription factors (TFs). YT play a role in fibrotic fibroblasts, but their role is not yet known in the fibrotic lung epithelium. The aim of this thesis project is to develop the tools needed to explore the role of Hippo-YT in fibrotic lung epithelium and to identify the TFs that YT interact with to exert their various functions.We first developed a method to simultaneously isolate proximal and distal lung progenitor cells from an individual mouse with the aid of a 3D printed surgical guide and found that the precision of dissecting the lung lobes affects the purity of the isolated distal progenitors and how they behave in organoid assays. We further found the Hippo pathway to be dysregulated in the fibrotic lung epithelium which led to increases in nuclear YT as well as known downstream targets. Interestingly, we found epithelial YT signaling to be actively involved in extracellular matrix remodeling in the fibrotic lung epithelium through modulation of lysyl oxidase expression, a collagen crosslinking enzyme. Targeting YT in vivo using an FDA approved drug ameliorated the fibrotic phenotype, indicating that YT targeting may be an option to treat fibrosis. We further used cleavage under target and release using nuclease (CUT&RUN) to identify the exact motif sequences on the genome where complexes containing YT bind in the normal and fibrotic lung epithelial. We further identified putative TFs that are known to bind the motif sequences identified. We found that YT have different interaction partners in the proximal and distal lung epithelium and further identified specific YT interactions in the human fibrotic lung epithelium.This current research project sets the basis for the identification of exact targeting mechanisms for finding therapeutics for IPF. YT are known to be responsible for a wide range of biologic processes and targeting YT’s profibrotic activity and promoting their pro-regenerative activities may result in beneficial effects for IPF patients

Emergentism and musicology: an alternative perspective to the understanding of dissonance.

In this paper we develop an approach to musicology within the discussion of emergentism. First of all, we claim that some theories of musicology could be insufficient in describing and explaining musical phenomena when emergent properties are not taken into account. Actually, musicology usually considers just syntactical elements, structures and processes and puts only a little emphasis, if any, over perceptual aspects of human hearing. On the other hand, recent research efforts are currently being directed towards an understanding of the emergent properties of auditory perception, especially in fields such as cognitive science. Such research leads to other views concerning old issues in musicology and could create a fruitful approach, filling the gap between musicology and auditory perception

Évaluation du risque pour l’environnement des métaux lourds [Fe(T)-Mn+2] issus du milieu Industriel : Cas de la plaine de la Meboudja, Nord-Est Algérien

L’Algérie a mis en place un réseau industriel dense, concentrant des secteurs polluants et gros consommateurs d’eau et d’énergie. Ce tissu industriel a été implanté à proximité des sources d’eau (barrages, mer), ou des fleuves qui sont devenus des décharges pour des rejets liquides non contrôlés. La Meboudja est un des oueds les plus anthropisés de la plaine d’El Hadjar qui abrite une des plus fortes densités industrielles, agricoles et urbaines (localité d’Hjar diss, Derradji Rdjam ; El Hadjar ; et Sidi Amar). Des concentrations excessives de métaux lourds peuvent être introduites dans l'environnement, par exemple, par les déchets industriels (complexe sidérurgique d’El Hadjar, la zone industrielle de Meboudja et la zone industrielle de pont Bouchet). Les apports en fer et en manganèse dans les eaux superficielles et souterraines de la plaine de Meboudja sont très variables en quantité mais aussi en qualité. Des teneurs élevées en fer « dissous » de 26.30 mg.l-1 et en Manganèse dissous, 3.40mg.l-1, ont été observées dans les eaux de l’oued Meboudja [1]. Ces teneurs ne peuvent être expliqués que par des émissions intenses en provenance des différents rejets situés dans la plaine.Mots-clés : métaux lourds, rejet liquide, déchets industriels, pollution, environnement, oued Meboudja, Nord-Est algérie

Women and Hoax News Processing on WhatsApp

The word hoax became popular with the development of technology that has potentially increased the circulation of hoax news. One of the ways hoax news circulates is through mobile instant messaging applications like WhatsApp, where users can interact directly, or between individuals who are members of a group. In Indonesia, by 2017, WhatsApp was the most used and the longestused mobile instant messaging application, having 35.87 million users. This study focuses on women using WhatsApp, as previous studies have shown that women dominate social media use in Indonesia. Using the elaboration likelihood model, this study aimed to investigate how women process hoax messages about child abduction on WhatsApp. The results of research through interviews and surveys indicate that women tend to process hoax messages about the abduction of children through peripheral lines. The lack of media literacy and the tendency to prioritize the emotional aspects of a story make some women vulnerable to spreading hoaxes through WhatsApp. In this study, the researchers recommend a digital empowerment movement to improve women\u27s media literacy through an online lecture model on WhatsApp. This program should be professionally managed by experts or academics from relevant fields of study

Aspects of Literary Criticism and Their Influence on the Early Abbasid Poets.

Three aspects of literary criticism are here treated. They are language, contents and prosody. The first chapter seelks to show that in the early days literary studies were undertaken not for their own sake but as an adjunct to the study of the Kor'an. The language of poetry received the particular attention of philologists whose object was to furnish material for the interpretation of the Kor'an. These philologists held the old poets in high esteem end conversely regarded later poets as inferior in language. The poets who came after al-Farazdak strove to liberate themselves from the limitations imposed upon them by the philologists. Many unsuccessful attempts to do this took place up to the time of Bashshar. With this poet a new type of poetry appeared. In chapter two four poets are studied, they are; Bashshar b.Burd, Al-Sayyid al-Himyari, Abul-Atahiya, and Abu-Tammam. It is the object of this chapter to illustrate the long struggle which finally culminated in the emancipation of poetry from the restriction of the classical conception. In chapters three and four we shall set forth the requirement of the critics with regard to the several poetic forms such as panegyric, satire, elegy, and love poetry. It will be pointed out that wile the critics succeeded in clearly specifying the nature and requirements of these four aspects of poetry, a full understanding of descriptive poetry sscaped thom They were, moreover, unable to impose their authority upon the poets. The latter were not only independent of the critics but were in fact able to direct the literary movement according to their own desires and concetuons. Various poets are studied in order to illustrate this view. In chapter five the connection between prosody and singing is illustrated and the theory of the perfection of al-Khalil's prosody is refuted. Chapter six traces the transition which occurred in singing and points to a similar transition in poetry. Now metres consequently appeared and Abul-Atamiya and Razin the metrician are considered as having been instrumental in bringing about a fundamental change in prosody. Abul-Atahiya developed two new metres which were classified by the critics while Razin produced a further metre, as yet unclassified . If this metre can be accepted as entirely new, the total number of Arabic motres stand at seventeen and not sixteen as formerly held

Pemodelan Bangunan Cagar Budaya Gereja Blenduk Untuk Konservasi Dengan Metode Terrestrial Laser Scanner

Heritage building has built from natural or human made objects full fill the space of walls and or no walls and roof. As a favorite tourist destination in the province of Central Java-Semarang has many options right to visit, one of them is the old town area. A building that must be visited in the old town area namely Blenduk Church was built in 1753. The building more than 250 years old was made Blenduk church very reasonable to be a heritage building. Therefore, it needs conservation and preservation to keep the authenticity of the building.The development of surveying and mapping are very rapid. In this modern era, the using of terrestrial laser scanner technology can gives the solution to document of a building and topography measurements. Laser scanner is use to measurement the difficult objects which need a high degree of precision. Data collection was carried out with the FARO Laser Scanner Focus 3D technology that is using target to target registration method. Result of data scanning process is point clouds data in three dimension state. The data processing use software Scene 5.1 in this measurement.In this final task research, the result achieved was 3D model of Blenduk church heritage building. The data processing use software Autodesk Revit 2014 to create a 3D solid model. The result of registration data is reach the total number RMS value 0.032 m, with an average of RMS value 0.004 m in each scanworld. The measurement result of TLS and ETS was tested the size of the length between sides to knew the quality of measurement result data with the final result of RMS around 0.00446318 m

Deteksi Perubahan Luas Lahan Tambak Menggunakan Delineasi Metode Density Slicing (Study Kasus: Kabupaten Demak, Jawa Tengah)

Tambak di daerah Demak merupakan sumberdaya yang menjadi salah satu mata pencaharian masyarakat di sekitar pesisir pantai. Beberapa tempat di areal pesisir dan pertambakan telah terkikis (abrasi pantai) dan rob yang lebih dalam ke daratan. Tambak-tambak udang yang terkikis menjadi hilang dan berubah kondisinya menjadi laut dan akibat pemanasan global menyebabkan air masuk lebih dalam. Terjadinya air masuk ke daratan merupakan Perubahan garis pantai yang sangat mempengaruhi Perubahan luasan tambak tiap tahunnya. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui luas lahan tambak secara periodik, laju Perubahannya, dan distribusi spasialnya. Penggunaan inderaja untuk menganalisis Perubahan luas lahan tambak yang merupakan salah satu alternative untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang Perubahan luas lahan tambak. Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) diterapkan untuk menentukan klasifikasi lahan tambak berdasarkan beberapa parameter yang digunakan. Metode density slicing dan supervised classification merupakan metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan melakukan proses klasifikasi menggunakan software er mapper dan arcGIS. Data yang digunakan yaitu citra Landsat dan Peta Rupa Bumi Indonesia (RBI). Proses klasifikasi akan didapatkan parameter tambak yang selanjutnya dilakukan uji akurasi Confussion Matrik dan ke lapangan. Tahap selanjutnya yaitu delineasi lahan tambak sehingga diperoleh luas lahan tambak. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lahan tambak dari tahun 1999 sampai 2009 mengalami peningkatan meskipun ada beberapa wilayah yang terkena abrasi. Perubahan luas dengan kedua metode menunjukkan perbedaaan luasan. Di seluruh wilayah yang mempunyai lahan tambak mengalami kenaikan tiap tahunnya. Wilayah tersebut yaitu Kecamatan Sayung, Karang Tengah, Bonang, dan Wedung. Perubahan Luas dengan metode Density slicing yaitu Kecamatan Sayung sebesar 551,65 H(46,66%), Kecamatan Karang Tengah 33,60 Ha(2,84%), Kecamatan Bonang 42,30 Ha(3,58%), dan Kecamatan Wedung sebesar 554, 70 Ha(46,92%).Perubahan luas metode supervised classification yaitu Kecamatan Sayung sebesar 533,54Ha(44,25%), Kecamatan Karang Tengah sebesar 67,0H(5,36%), Kecamatan Bonang sebesar 103,96Ha(7,25%), dan Kecamatan Wedung yaitu 546,52 Ha(43,68%)

Kajian Pembangunan Sistem Drainase Berwawasan Lingkungan Di Kawasan Perumahan

Development will basically change the natural conditions, the establishment of residential land will make a watertight result in disruption of the hydrological balance. Increased run off due to the closing of the land by residential buildings should be designed so that the flow will not quickly disappear but could still be converted into ground water reserves. Filosopfi Green Building build inpirasi how housing can be designed environmentally friendly. Channeling rain water (drainage) environmentally sound residential area enabled it pursued a number of run-off water (run off) the dialirkannya. Pavement drains, yard, road construction and water seeped infiltration wells with RTH is a reliable means to realize an environmentally friendly housing. Hydrologic analysis is required as a basis for converting rainwater that falls in a residential area into a run-off discharge is generated. By obtaining subsequent runoff discharge channel hydraulic analysis was performed to evaluate the use of construction of water channels that qualify are eligible to do. Hydrologic analysis is also needed to calculate the number of facilities required infiltration wells. Meanwhile, to calculate RTH needs and building water passes used standards that can be applied to the residential areas