A novel technique for detoxification of phenol from wastewater: Nanoparticle Assisted Nano Filtration (NANF)

© 2016 Naidu et al. Background: Phenol is one of the most versatile and important organic compound. It is also a growing concern as water pollutants due to its high persistence and toxicity. Removal of Phenol from wastewaters was investigated using a novel nanoparticle adsorption and nanofiltration technique named as Nanoparticle Assisted Nano Filtration (NANF). Methods: The nanoparticle used for NANF study were silver nanoparticles and synthesized to three distinct average particle sizes of 10 nm, 40 nm and 70 nm. The effect of nanoparticle size, their concentrations and their tri and diparticle combinations upon phenol removal were studied. Results: Total surface areas (TSA) for various particle size and concentrations have been calculated and the highest was 4710 × 1012 nm2 for 10 nm particles and 180 ppm concentration while the lowest was for 2461 × 1011 for 70 nm and 60 ppm concentrations. Tri and diparticle studies showed more phenol removal % than that of their individual particles, particularly for using small particles on large membrane pore size and large particles at low concentrations. These results have also been confirmed with COD and toxicity removal studies. Conclusions: The combination of nanoparticles adsorption and nanofiltration results in high phenol removal and mineralization, leading to the conclusion that NANF has very high potential for treating toxic chemical wastewaters

A study on the functional properties of silk and polyester / lyocell mixed fabric

ABSTRACT Silk is one of the valuable fibers in textile industry. It is used for delicate applications in many areas such as sarees, suitings, curtains and luxurious interiors. To diversify the properties and usages silk is mixed with polyester and lyocell. The fabric is dyed with natural dyes (kum kum, indigo, barberry) as well as synthetic dyes (reactive dye (H), reactive dye (M) and sulphur dye). This mixed fabric is compared with 100% silk for some of the basic properties like absorbency, water retention, wicking, water vapour permeability, air permeability, K/S values, colour fastness and antimicrobial property. The silk mixed fabric gives the appreciable results with the 100% silk fabric

Editors’ Introduction: An Overview of the Educational Administration and Leadership Curriculum: Traditions of Islamic Educational Administration and Leadership in Higher Education

This chapter provides an overview of several topics relevant to constructing an approach to teaching educational administration and leadership in Muslim countries. First, it places the topic in the context of the changing nature and critiques of the field that argue for a greater internationalisation to both resist some of the negative aspects of globalisation and to represent countries’ traditions in the professional curriculum. Then, it identifies literature that presents the underlying principles and values of Islamic education that guide curriculum and pedagogy and shape its administration and leadership including the Qur’an and Sunnah and the classical educational literature which focuses on aims, values and goals of education as well as character development upon which a ‘good’ society is built. This is followed by a section on the Islamic administration and leadership traditions that are relevant to education, including the values of educational organisations and how they should be administered, identifying literature on the distinctive Islamic traditions of leadership and administrator education and training as it applies to education from the establishment of Islam and early classical scholars and senior administrators in the medieval period who laid a strong foundation for a highly sophisticated preparation and practice of administration in philosophical writings and the Mirrors of Princes writings, and subsequent authors who have built upon it up to the contemporary period. The final section provides an overview of the chapters in this collection

Mathematical Modeling and Simulation of Ventricular Activation Sequences: Implications for Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy

Next to clinical and experimental research, mathematical modeling plays a crucial role in medicine. Biomedical research takes place on many different levels, from molecules to the whole organism. Due to the complexity of biological systems, the interactions between components are often difficult or impossible to understand without the help of mathematical models. Mathematical models of cardiac electrophysiology have made a tremendous progress since the first numerical ECG simulations in the 1960s. This paper briefly reviews the development of this field and discusses some example cases where models have helped us forward, emphasizing applications that are relevant for the study of heart failure and cardiac resynchronization therapy

Between democracy and technocracy : international development organization and the challenge of institutional change

In the 1990s, a legitimacy crisis afflicted international organizations embedded in the field of development. Factors underlying this crisis included falling foreign aid flows, the rise of competitors in the form of non-governmental organizations and the private sector, widespread and highly visible failures to achieve promised results, the diversion of aid funds into the treasuries of corrupt governments, and the growth of a vocal and virulent anti-globalization movement, to name but a few. In response to this crisis, this period saw the emergence of a reconceived poverty alleviation agenda that emphasized a multi-dimensional concept of poverty to be achieved through partnership-oriented and participative aid processes. International organizations increasingly sought to institutionalize and champion this new institution in order to improve their legitimacy and survival prospects. This thesis explores the processes by which executive sponsored initiatives sought to institutionalize the new poverty alleviation institution inside the World Bank and World Health Organization. Three points of inquiry build on one other to present a comparative analysis of institutionalization process within these international development organizations. The first examines the institutional logics, that is symbolic constructions and material practices, which have governed the field of development since the post-war period. By teasing out the interactions between the history and practices of development, two fundamental logics—technocracy and politics—are shown to interlace and constitute our knowledge of development at any given time. The second point of inquiry concerns the nature of the formal and informal organizational processes that introduced the poverty paradigm into development organizations. Drawing on fieldwork conducted in four country offices, the consequences of institutionalization for experienced institutional tensions, intra-organizational politics and organizational power are all examined and related to wider institutional dynamics. Using interpretive qualitative methods, the experience of institutionalization is compared across both the Bank and the WHO situated in two national contexts and a comparative assessment of organizational agency attempted. Finally, the thesis asks what is achieved by the institutionalization of a new poverty alleviation agenda. Institutionalization through managerial practices that are normatively linked to the political logic of development is critically examined and the implications for organizational survival and political logics discussed.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Low-Temperature Single-Stage Preparatory Process for Cotton

38-43<span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:" calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:="" "times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:="" minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-ansi-language:en-us;="" mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">The suitability of a low-temperature single-stage preparatory process for cotton was assessed. Five compounds. viz. trisodium phosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate sodium hexametaphosphate, magnesium sulphate and sodium salt of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, were investigated for activation/stabilization of peroxide in the bleach bath. The properties of the fabrics bleached low temperature were compared with those of the conventionally bleached fabric. A recipe for the low-temperature bleaching is suggested. A mechanism is proposed for the activation/stabilization of hydrogen peroxide with sodium silicate.</span