Spectral Ratios for Crack Detection Using P and Rayleigh Waves

We obtain numerical results to help the detection and characterization of subsurface cracks in solids by the application of P and Rayleigh elastic waves. The response is obtained from boundary integral equations, which belongs to the field of elastodynamics. Once the implementation of the boundary conditions has been done, a system of Fredholm integral equations of the second kind and order zero is found. This system is solved using the method of Gaussian elimination. Resonance peaks in the frequency domain allow us to infer the presence of cracks using spectral ratios. Several models of cracked media were analyzed, where effects due to different crack orientations and locations were observed. The results obtained are in good agreement with those published in the references

Base de datos de abejas ibéricas

Las abejas son un grupo extremadamente diverso con más de 1000 especies descritas en la península ibérica. Además, son excelentes polinizadores y aportan numerosos servicios ecosistémicos fundamentales para la mayoría de ecosistemas terrestres. Debido a los diversos cambios ambientales inducidos por el ser humano, existen evidencias del declive de algunas de sus poblaciones para ciertas especies. Sin embargo, conocemos muy poco del estado de conservación de la mayoría de especies y de muchas de ellas ignoramos cuál es su distribución en la península ibérica. En este trabajo presentamos un esfuerzo colaborativo para crear una base de datos de ocurrencias de abejas que abarca la península ibérica e islas Baleares que permitirá resolver cuestiones como la distribución de las diferentes especies, preferencia de hábitat, fenología o tendencias históricas. En su versión actual, esta base de datos contiene un total de 87 684 registros de 923 especies recolectados entre 1830 y 2022, de los cuales un 87% presentan información georreferenciada. Para cada registro se incluye información relativa a la localidad de muestreo (89%), identificador y colector de la especie (64%), fecha de captura (54%) y planta donde se recolectó (20%). Creemos que esta base de datos es el punto de partida para conocer y conservar mejor la biodiversidad de abejas en la península ibérica e Islas Baleares. Se puede acceder a estos datos a través del siguiente enlace permanente: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6354502ABSTRACT: Bees are a diverse group with more than 1000 species known from the Iberian Peninsula. They have increasingly received special attention due to their important role as pollinators and providers of ecosystem services. In addition, various rapid human-induced environmental changes are leading to the decline of some of its populations. However, we know very little about the conservation status of most species and for many species, we hardly know their true distributions across the Iberian Peninsula. Here, we present a collaborative effort to collate and curate a database of Iberian bee occurrences to answer questions about their distribution, habitat preference, phenology, or historical trends. In total we have accumulated 87 684 records from the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands of 923 different species with 87% of georeferenced records collected between 1830 and 2022. In addition, each record has associated information such as the sampling location (89%), collector and person who identified the species (64%), date of the capture (54%) and plant species where the bees were captured (20%). We believe that this database is the starting point to better understand and conserve bee biodiversity in the Iberian Peninsula. It can be accessed at: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6354502Esta base de datos se ha realizado con la ayuda de los proyectos EUCLIPO (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-028360/EUCLIPO) y SAFEGUARD (ref. 101003476 H2020 -SFS-2019-2).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Scientific publications referred to the Natural Park Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas, Jaén province, SE Spain. I. Botany

[ES] En la disciplina de Botánica, se reúnen 166 referencias de libros o capítulos de libros, tesis, ponencias y artículos de revista publicados entre 1902 y 2021. Las referencias se presentan ordenadas alfabéticamente por el apellido del primer autor. En cada referencia constan los autores, el título de la publicación, el título de la revista, el año de publicación, volumen y páginas. En los casos en los que ha sido posible se incluye el enlace web dónde se puede encontrar el documento, esto resulta más complicado para la literatura antigua.[ES] El acceso a la información preexistente es clave para el desarrollo científico. Las publicaciones científicas referidas a una temática concreta o un lugar constituyen un repositorio esencial del conocimiento adquirido para ese tema o lugar. Se presenta aquí una colección de literatura científica publicada desde principio del s. XX que contiene información de referencia o datos relativos al Parque Natural Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas (Jaén) en la disciplina de Botánica. Este trabajo es fruto de la labor pionera de recopilación bibliográfica llevada a cabo por uno de sus autores, Carlos M Herrera, revisando revistas de ámbito nacional e internacional durante décadas y facilitando su difusión en su página web. El catálogo se presenta aquí en dos formatos (xml, pdf) para hacerlo accesible a la comunidad científica de forma estandarizada. La colección de documentos permanece además como recurso accesible para uso docente y de investigación en la web: www.plant-animal.es.[EN] Access to available data is key for scientific development. Scientific publications referring to a specific topic or geographical region constitute an essential repository of the knowledge acquired for that topic or region. We present here a collection of scientific literature published since the beginning of the 20th century that contains reference information or data related to the Natural Park Sierras de Cazorla, Segura and Las Villas (Jaén) in the discipline of Botany. This work is the result of the pioneering bibliographic compilation work carried out by one of the authors, Carlos M Herrera, who reviewed national and international journals for decades and facilitated the way to access these publications through his website. The catalogue is presented in two formats (xml, pdf) to make it accessible to the scientific community in a standardized way. The collection of documents remains also as an accessible resource for teaching and research use on the web: www.plant-animal.es.Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el MICINN a través del Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional [SUMHAL, LIFEWATCH-2019-09-CSIC-13, POPE 2014-2020].Peer reviewe

Scientific publications referred to the Natural Park Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas, Jaén province, SE Spain. III. Zoology

[ES] En la disciplina de la Zoología, se reúnen 262 referencias de libros o capítulos de libros, tesis, ponencias y artículos de revista publicados entre 1902 y 2021. Las referencias se presentan ordenadas alfabéticamente por el apellido del primer autor. En cada referencia constan los autores, el título de la publicación, el título de la revista, el año de publicación, volumen y páginas. En los casos en los que ha sido posible se incluye el enlace web dónde se puede encontrar el documento, esto resulta más complicado para la literatura antigua.[EN] In the discipline of Zoology, there are 262 references of books or book chapters, thesis, papers and journal articles published between 1902 and 2021. The references are presented in alphabetical order by the first author's last name. Each reference includes the authors, the title of the publication, the title of the journal, the year of publication, volume and pages. In the cases in which it has been possible, the web link where the document can be found is included, this is more complicated for old literature.[ES] El acceso a la información preexistente es clave para el desarrollo científico. Las publicaciones científicas referidas a una temática concreta o un lugar constituyen un repositorio esencial del conocimiento adquirido para ese tema o lugar. Se presenta aquí una colección de literatura científica publicada desde principio del s. XX que contiene información de referencia o datos relativos al Parque Natural Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas (Jaén) en la disciplina de la Ecología. La colección completa consta de tres catálogos sobre Botánica, Ecología y Zoología. Este trabajo es fruto de la labor pionera de recopilación bibliográfica llevada a cabo por uno de sus autores, Carlos M Herrera, revisando revistas de ámbito nacional e internacional durante décadas y facilitando su difusión en su página web. El catálogo se presenta aquí en dos formatos (xml, pdf) para hacerlo accesible a la comunidad científica de forma estandarizada. La colección de documentos permanece además como recurso accesible para uso docente y de investigación en la web: www.plant-animal.es.[EN] Access to available data is key for scientific development. Scientific publications referring to a specific topic or geographical region constitute an essential repository of the knowledge acquired for that topic or region. We present here a collection of scientific literature published since the beginning of the 20th century that contains reference information or data related to the Natural Park Sierras de Cazorla, Segura and Las Villas (Jaén) in the discipline of Ecology. The complete collection consists of three catalogs of Botany, Ecology and Zoology. This work is the result of the pioneering bibliographic compilation work carried out by one of the authors, Carlos M Herrera, who reviewed national and international journals for decades and facilitated the way to access these publications through his website. The catalogue is presented in two formats (xml, pdf) to make it accessible to the scientific community in a standardized way. The collection of documents remains also as an accessible resource for teaching and research use on the web: www.plant-animal.es.This study was partially funded by MICINN through European Regional Development Fund [SUMHAL, LIFEWATCH-2019-09-CSIC-13, POPE 2014-2020].Peer reviewe

Scientific publications referred to the Natural Park Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas, Jaén province, SE Spain. II. Ecology

[ES] En la disciplina de la Ecología, se reúnen 247 referencias de libros o capítulos de libros, tesis, ponencias y artículos de revista publicados entre 1981 y 2021. Las referencias se presentan ordenadas alfabéticamente por el apellido del primer autor. En cada referencia constan los autores, el título de la publicación, el título de la revista, el año de publicación, volumen y páginas. En los casos en los que ha sido posible se incluye el enlace web dónde se puede encontrar el documento, esto resulta más complicado para la literatura antigua.[EN] In the discipline of Ecology, there are 247 references of books or book chapters, thesis, papers and journal articles published between 1981 and 2021. The references are presented in alphabetical order by the first author's last name. Each reference includes the authors, the title of the publication, the title of the journal, the year of publication, volume and pages. In the cases in which it has been possible, the web link where the document can be found is included, this is more complicated for old literature.[ES] El acceso a la información preexistente es clave para el desarrollo científico. Las publicaciones científicas referidas a una temática concreta o un lugar constituyen un repositorio esencial del conocimiento adquirido para ese tema o lugar. Se presenta aquí una colección de literatura científica publicada desde principio del s. XX que contiene información de referencia o datos relativos al Parque Natural Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas (Jaén) en la disciplina de la Ecología. La colección completa consta de tres catálogos sobre Botánica, Ecología y Zoología. Este trabajo es fruto de la labor pionera de recopilación bibliográfica llevada a cabo por uno de sus autores, Carlos M Herrera, revisando revistas de ámbito nacional e internacional durante décadas y facilitando su difusión en su página web. El catálogo se presenta aquí en dos formatos (xml, pdf) para hacerlo accesible a la comunidad científica de forma estandarizada. La colección de documentos permanece además como recurso accesible para uso docente y de investigación en la web: www.plant-animal.es.[EN] Access to available data is key for scientific development. Scientific publications referring to a specific topic or geographical region constitute an essential repository of the knowledge acquired for that topic or region. We present here a collection of scientific literature published since the beginning of the 20th century that contains reference information or data related to the Natural Park Sierras de Cazorla, Segura and Las Villas (Jaén) in the discipline of Ecology. The complete collection consists of three catalogs of Botany, Ecology and Zoology. This work is the result of the pioneering bibliographic compilation work carried out by one of the authors, Carlos M Herrera, who reviewed national and international journals for decades and facilitated the way to access these publications through his website. The catalogue is presented in two formats (xml, pdf) to make it accessible to the scientific community in a standardized way. The collection of documents remains also as an accessible resource for teaching and research use on the web: www.plant-animal.es.This study was partially funded by MICINN through European Regional Development Fund [SUMHAL, LIFEWATCH-2019-09-CSIC-13, POPE 2014-2020]Peer reviewe

Importance as pollinators and thermal biology of Andrena bees in southern Spanish montane habitats

Data on bee pollinator composition and air temperature at the foraging sites of different bee species were collected during January-December 1997-2022 in a relatively small area of the Sierra de Cazorla, Jaén Province, southeastern Spain. Some additional field measurements of Andrena thoracic temperature were gathered in February-April 2022 at two locations in Córdoba and Sevilla provinces. Pollinator composition was quantitatively assessed for 275 plant species in 179 genera from 47 families. The proportions of Andrena and non-Andrena bees were obtained for each plant species. Air temperature at bee foraging sites was measured over January-August while they were visiting flowers in fine weather. Foraging bees were hand netted and air temperature (Ta) 2-5 cm away from the flower where the bee had been caught was measured immediately after the bee's capture using a digital thermometer and fast-response thermocouple. Data were obtained in the laboratory and/or the field on the thermal biology of 30 species of Andrena. The ability of live Andrena bees to warm-up spontaneously by endothermy, and the intrinsic warming constants of the same individuals, were assessed experimentally in the laboratory. Free-ranging individuals of Andrena species were hand netted in fine weather while foraging at flowers. Air temperature (Ta) at capture point and thoracic temperature (Tth) were measured. A subset of these individuals were killed immediately after thoracic temperature measurement and their operative temperatures (Te) in the natural environment was estimated. Results obtained for two key thermal features of Andrena bees (warming constant K estimated in the laboratory, and thoracic temperatures of foraging individuals measured in the field) were compared with those obtained previously in the Sierra de Cazorla study region as part of other studies for a taxonomically diverse sample of 20 bee species from five families and 11 genera, using identical field and laboratory procedures. Further details on field, laboratory and statistical methods can be obtained in Herrera, C. M., A. Núñez, L. O. Aguado, and C. Alonso. 2023. Seasonality of pollinators in montane habitats: cool-blooded bees for early-blooming plants. Ecological Monographs, in press.Proyecto SUMHAL, LIFEWATCH-2019-09-CSIC-13, POPE 2014-2020.This dataset includes three files containing data on: (i) Quantitative importance of Andrena bees as pollinators of insect-pollinated plants; (ii) Thermal parameters for Andrena and other bees estimated under experimental laboratory conditions; (iii) Thermal measurements for Andrena and other bees taken in the field.This study was partially funded by MICINN through European Regional Development Fund [SUMHAL, LIFEWATCH-2019-09-CSIC-13, POPE 2014-2020.This dataset includes three files containing the following information relative to the importance of Andrena bees as pollinators at the plant community level in the Sierra de Cazorla natural area (one file), and measurements of thermal parameters of Andrena and other bees taken in the field and the laboratory (two files): (i) File : Quantitative importance of Andrena bees as pollinators of insect-pollinated plants. (ii) File : Thermal parameters for Andrena and other bees estimated under experimental laboratory conditions. (iii) File : Thermal measurements for Andrena and other bees taken in the field.Peer reviewe

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with human monkeypox infection in Mexico: a nationwide observational studyResearch in context

Summary: Background: Human monkeypox, a zoonosis historically endemic to West and South Africa, has led to a worldwide outbreak driven by human-to-human transmission resulting in an international public health emergency. Endemic and outbreak monkeypox cases may differ in their affected populations, clinical features, and outcomes. Thus, profiling cases of the current monkeypox outbreak worldwide is crucial. Methods: We performed a nationwide observational surveillance-based study from May 24 to September 5, 2022. Patients that met the operational clinical definition of monkeypox or symptomatic close contacts of confirmed cases were tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Clinical data were collected with a standardized case-report form. We report epidemiologic, sociodemographic, and clinical characteristics of confirmed cases. Findings: Five-hundred and sixty-five human monkeypox confirmed cases were analysed; 97.2% were men, of whom 59.5% identified as men who have sex with men, and 54.5% had human immunodeficiency virus infection. The median age was 34 years. All patients but one had rash (99.8%), 78.9% had fever, and 47.8% reported myalgia. The anogenital area was the most commonly affected one by rash (49.6%), and proctitis occurred in 6.2% of patients. Six patients required hospitalization, of which one died due to causes unrelated to monkeypox. Interpretation: The 2022 monkeypox outbreak in Mexico is mainly driven by middle-aged men who have sex with men, of which a large proportion are persons who live with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Clinical features such as the high proportion of anogenital lesions suggest sexual contact is a pivotal transmission mechanism in this outbreak. Funding: This research was supported by grant A1-S-18342 from Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT), Mexico (to S.I.V.-F.)