Ozonização de grãos de milheto pérola (Pennisetum glaucum) com foco na segurança do alimento

A ozonização gasosa aplicada à descontaminação microbiológica e química em grãos de cereais tem grande potencial de aplicação na indústria de armazenamento, transporte e processamento, aumentando assim a segurança no consumo dos produtos derivados dessas matérias-primas. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência do gás ozônio nas características físico-químicas e no potencial de germinação de grãos de milheto pérola, quando estes são submetidos a diferentes condições de exposição ao O3 de forma que não afete a qualidade tecnológica dos grãos. Os tratamentos aplicados no milheto não causaram diferença significativa (p> 0,05) nos parâmetros físico-químicos (umidade, acidez e cor instrumental), somente uma amostra ozonizada diferiu da amostra controle (p< 0,05) quanto a coloração. No teste de germinação, verificou-se que o tratamento controle não diferiu dos tratamentos P1, P2 e P3 (p> 0,05) e os tratamentos P4, P5 e P6, diferiram do tratamento controle (p <0,05). Assim, nas condições avaliadas neste estudo, é recomendado a ozonização de milheto em concentrações de até 400 mg de O3/Kg, não afetando a qualidade dos grãos

Evaluation efficiency of severity of angular leaf spot in common bean based on diseased and healthy leaf area

This study compared severity of angular leaf spot in common bean lines, based on the healthy and diseased leaf area, andthe graded scale. We used 12 common bean lines in the dry and rainy seasons. Two contiguous experiments were conducted in eachseason, with and without chemical control of the pathogen. We evaluated the percentage of the healthy and diseased leaf area; severitybased on a graded scale and the area under the disease progress curve; and yield. The diseased or healthy leaf area is efficient toevaluate the severity of angular leaf spot with a sample of 20 to 30 leaflets per plot. For all traits, the results of central and borderareas did not differ, indicating that the evaluation of border rows is unnecessary and, finally, the severity assessment of the upper planthalf can discriminate the lines more efficiently

Allelopathic effect of aqueous extract of sunflower leaves and stem on corn and sorghum germination

Made available in DSpace on 2020-02-17T11:44:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) joao_paulo_oliveira_et_all.pdf: 223870 bytes, checksum: a931e7621ba2d2ae5b5ec2bc85349412 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitotecnia. Departamento de Fitotecnia. Campus Universitário. Viçosa, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Lavras. Departamento de Fitotecnia. Lavras, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei. Departamento de Ciências Agrárias. Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei. Departamento de Ciências Agrárias. Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito alelopático exercido pelo extrato aquoso de folhas e caule de girassol sobre a germinação de milho e sorgo. O girassol apresenta efeito alelopático sobre outras espécies vegetais, inibindo o crescimento dos mesmos. O Caule e folhas foram coletados no campo experimental da UFSJ, Campus Sete Lagoas. O teste foi realizado em Papel Germitest, com 4 repetições de 25 sementes do Híbrido BRS – 1060 (milho) e BRS – 506 (sorgo). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi DIC, em esquema fatorial 2x5, os resultados médios foram submetidos ao teste de Tukey a 5% de significância, SISVAR. Extratos aquosos obtidos a partir de folhas de girassol afetaram negativamente o vigor das sementes de milho, no entanto, não houve diferença significativa quanto à germinação das sementes submetidas a extratos obtidos de folhas e caule de girassol nas diferentes concentrações. Já para as sementes de sorgo, foi possível verificar que extratos aquosos de folhas, em concentrações acima de 25% afetam negativamente a germinação e vigor das sementes.The objective of this work was to evaluate the allelopathic effect exerted by aqueous extract of sunflower leaves and stem on corn and sorghum germination. Sunflower is an oilseed species that has important agronomic characteristics. Sunflower has an allelopathic effect on other plant species, inhibiting their growth. Stem and leaves were collected at UFSJ experimental field, Sete Lagoas campus. The test was performed on a Germitest Paper Roll, with 4 repetitions of 25 seeds of BRS - 1060 Hybrid (corn) and BRS - 506 (sorghum). The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2x5 factorial scheme, the mean results were submitted to Tukey test at 5% significance, processed by the SISVAR program. Aqueous extracts obtained from sunflower leaves negatively affected the vigor of corn seeds, observed by the first count test, however, there was no significant difference regarding the final germination of seeds submitted to extracts of sunflower leaves and stem in the different concentrations. For sorghum seeds, it was possible to verify that aqueous extracts of leaves at concentrations above 25% negatively affect seed germination and vigor

Evaluation of the potential of lines and hybrids of biomass sorghum

Mutant genotypes of biomass sorghum for low lignin - bmr (brown midrib) and sensitive to photoperiod are interesting for the production of second-generation ethanol. This research aimed to estimate the combining ability between lines A and R of biomass sorghum, both carrying the bmr-6 allele, for bioenergy potential. Three male-sterile lines (A) and ten fertility restorative lines (R) were used, generating 30 hybrids bmr and sensitive to photoperiod. The 30 hybrids, their parents, and six controls were evaluated in a triple lattice design (7 × 7), in two experimental areas of Embrapa Maize and Sorghum, in Sete Lagoas and Nova Porteirinha (Minas Gerais). These lines were crossed in a partial diallel design, based on the Griffing IV model (1956) adapted for partial diallel by Miranda Filho and Geraldi (1984). The evaluated traits were: days to flowering (DTF, days after sowing), plant height (PH, m), fresh biomass yield (FBY, ton.ha−1), dry matter (DM, %), and dry matter yield (DMY, t. ha−1). In addition, the FAI-BLUP selection Index was used to assist the selection of hybrids that simultaneously meet favorable traits. Results revealed that treatments x environment interaction had a significant effect (p < 0.01) for all traits. Moreover, genetic variability was detected between lines A and R, which can be explored by the pyramiding of their favorable alleles, aiming at developing superior hybrids for the production of second-generation bioethanol