ミャンマー南部沿岸に出現する植物プランクトン群集に関する研究 : 特に有害渦鞭毛藻に着目して

広島大学(Hiroshima University)博士(農学)Doctor of Agriculturedoctora

Expanding the Southern urban critique: Elite politics, popular politics, and self-governance in the wards of Mandalay

This article explores everyday urban governance and politics in Mandalay, Myanmar. We examine this through a focus on state-society interactions within Mandalay’s ward offices, which are the lowest tier of the administrative backbone of the Myanmar state known as the General Administration Department. This reveals the existence of three intertwined forms of urban ‘politics’ in Mandalay: elite politics, which echo the practices of civil society in the sense of Partha Chatterjee; popular politics, which echo the practices of political society; and self-governance, which is an approach to politics culturally and historically situated in Theravada Buddhism and Myanmar’s authoritarian legacies. The situatedness of the case prompts us to argue in favor of expanding the southern urban critique beyond its conventional focus on liberal democratic metropolises of the global South, in order to enrich our understanding of what constitutes postcolonial urban politics. We suggest this could be achieved, as we attempt here, by adopting collaborative research methodologies and by extensively building on southern area scholarship in ways that mediate epistemic expropriation

Tagging Endogenous H2A.Z1 and H2A.Z2 Histone Variant Isoforms Using CRISPR-Cas9 and Identifying SUMOylated Proteins in Proximity to H2A.Z-Containing Nucleosomes

H2A.Z is a variant of the H2A core histone, and is well known to be important for transcriptional regulation in eukaryotic cells. It was recently discovered that higher eukaryotes have two almost identical isoforms of H2A.Z that differ only by 3 amino acids. Although current biochemical studies are unable to distinguish between the native H2A.Z isoforms, several studies have shown potential non-redundant functions between the two. For my thesis work, CRISPR-Cas9 was used to insert a small epitope tag to the C-terminus region of either H2A.Z1 and H2A.Z2 in 293T cells to allow us to study the two isoforms individually in their native states. We successfully generated 3 H2A.Z1-Strep and 3 H2A.Z2-Strep clones, and confirmed that there were minimal off-target effects by Cas9 nuclease. However, the H2A.Z1-Strep clones were found to have much lower than normal H2A.Z1 expression whereas H2A.Z2-Strep clones have normal levels of H2A.Z expression. Strep-tag ChIP data showed H2A.Z1 being enriched on the proximal region of the transcription start site (TSS) of the MTA1 gene compared to H2A.Z2. For a second project, an Avi-tag BirA system was used to test for SUMOylation of H2A.Z in mammalian cells. This method was also used to determine whether there are proteins in proximity to H2A.Z that can be SUMOylated. Our assay did not detect any H2A.Z SUMOylation; however, there were a few proteins within close proximity to H2A.Z that appeared to be SUMOylated. These putative SUMOylated proteins (which are biotinylated by the fusion H2A.Z-BirA) were purified by Streptavidin-coupled beads and awaiting identification by mass spectrometry

Objective assessment and feedback generation in dental surgical simulation : a framework based on correlating procedure and outcome

Fine motor skill is indispensable for a dentist. As in many other medical fields of study, the traditional surgical master-apprentice model is widely adopted in dental education. Recently, virtual reality (VR) simulators have been employed as supplementary components to the traditional skill-training curriculum, and numerous dental VR systems have been developed academically and commercially. However, the full promise of such systems has yet to be realized due to the lack of sufficient support for formative feedback. Without such a mechanism, evaluation still demands dedicated time of experts in scarce supply. With the aim to fill the gap of formative assessment using VR simulators in skill training in dentistry, this thesis presents a framework to objectively assess the surgical skill and generate formative feedback automatically. VR simulators enable collecting detailed data on relevant metrics throughout a procedure. Our approach to formative feedback is to correlate procedure metrics with the procedure outcome in order to identify the portions of a procedure that need to be improved. Prior to the correlation, the procedure outcome needs to be evaluated. The scoring algorithm designed in this thesis provides an overall score and identifies specific errors and their severity. Building upon this, we developed techniques to identify the portion of the procedure responsible for the errors. Specifically, for the errors in the outcome the responsible portions of the procedure are identified based on correlation of location of the error. For some types of feedback one mode may be more suitable than another. Tutoring formative feedback are provided using the video- and haptic- modalities. The effectiveness of the feedback systems have been evaluated with the dental students with randomized controlled trials and the findings show the feedback mechanisms to be effective and have potentials to use as valuable supplemental training resources

Vision Based Vehicles Detection for Intelligence Transportation Systems

Research in advanced driver help machine (ADAS) is a vital step towards accomplishing the intention of the autonomous smart automobile. ADAS is the machine to help the driver inside the using technique due to the fact maximum road injuries took place due to human blunders. Vehicle detection and distance estimation is a crucial solution for ADAS. This paper aims to reduce traffic accidents on the road using computer vision technologies and to implement the driver assistance system. In this paper, firstly, this system inputs the video and segments the videos as the frames. After segmenting the images, vehicle detection results are represented. In the experiments, own datasets are created by capturing videos in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar and detection results are described

The effect of 3D stereopsis and hand-tool alignment on learning effectiveness and skill transfer of a VR-based simulator for dental training

Dental simulators gained prevalence in recent years. Important aspects distinguishing VR hardware configurations are 3D stereoscopic rendering and visual alignment of the user's hands with the virtual tools. New dental simulators are often evaluated without analysing the impact of these simulation aspects. In this paper, we seek to determine the impact of 3D stereoscopic rendering and of hand-tool alignment on the teaching effectiveness and skill assessment accuracy of a VR dental simulator. We developed a bimanual simulator using an HMD and two haptic devices that provides an immersive environment with both 3D stereoscopic rendering and hand-tool alignment. We then independently controlled for each of the two aspects of the simulation. We trained four groups of students in root canal access opening using the simulator and measured the virtual and real learning gains. We quantified the real learning gains by pre- and post-testing using realistic plastic teeth and the virtual learning gains by scoring the training outcomes inside the simulator. We developed a scoring metric to automatically score the training outcomes that strongly correlates with experts' scoring of those outcomes. We found that hand-tool alignment has a positive impact on virtual and real learning gains, and improves the accuracy of skill assessment. We found that stereoscopic 3D had a negative impact on virtual and real learning gains, however it improves the accuracy of skill assessment. This finding is counter-intuitive, and we found eye-tooth distance to be a confounding variable of stereoscopic 3D, as it was significantly lower for the monoscopic 3D condition and negatively correlates with real learning gain. The results of our study provide valuable information for the future design of dental simulators, as well as simulators for other high-precision psycho-motor tasks.Comment: 26 pages, 15 figures, Accepted at online journal PLoS ON

Selecting the Honeywords from Existing User’s Passwords Using Improved Hashing and Salting Algorithm

Nowadays, hashing passwords become the most essential tool for various web applications for making login process. However, password hashing takes many times for processing and it has become easier for attackers to crack hashing passwords from legitimate users by using brute force attack. Brute force attack is one of the dangerous attacks for password hashing techniques. Therefore, the legitimate user accounts are stored the passwords with honeywords using honeywords generation algorithm in order to prevent from brute force attack. Honeywords generation method is to produce the fake or decoy password for deceiving the attackers. However, the existing honeywords generation algorithm meets the storage overhead problem. So, we are implementing the improved honeywords generation method which decreases the storage overhead problem and also it addresses the majority of the drawbacks of existing honeywords generation methods. Moreover, we store the password and honeywords into the database using a unique hashing algorithm with very low time complexity as most of the steps involved simple binary operations

Pre-storage Exogenous Application of Hydrogen Sulphide Reduces Sugar spot, Decay loss and Preserves Quality of Banana Fruit

This research focuses on effect of hydrogen sulphide treatment (control, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mM) during ambient storage on sugar spot, decay loss and postharvest quality of banana fruit. Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) treated fruit were stored at ambient conditions (25±2ºC and 60–65% of relative humidity) up to 9 days. In general, H2S treatment maintained higher values of lightness, peel firmness, reduce the respiration rate and ethylene evolution rate and extended shelf life of stored fruit by delaying progression of ripening. Moreover, H2S (1.0 mM) was found significantly better over other treatments in reducing sugar spot or peel browning spot and maintaining the desirable overall postharvest traits of the fruit. The findings indicated that H2S has a great potential for pre-storage application to preserve quality, reduce sugar spot and postharvest decay loss, possibly through the delayed onset of senescence, without any adverse effects on fruit quality