Pengaruh Komunikasi Pimpinan terhadap Peningkatan Semangat Kerja Karyawan pada PT. (Persero) Pelabuhan Indonesia I Medan

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi dengan adanya komunikasi pimpinan yang berdampak kepada semangat kerja karyawan. Karena apabila, di dalam sebuah Perusahaan tidak terjalin komunikasi yang baik antara pimpinan dan karyawan maka produktivitas dan gairah kerja karyawan di Perusahaan tidak akan berjalan lancer sesuai yang diinginkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana komunikasi pimpinan yang diterapkan oleh pimpinan di PT. (Persero) Pelabuhan Indonesia I Medan. Dan adapun permasalahannya “untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengaruh komunikasi pimpinan dalam meningkatkan semangat kerja karyawan di PT. (Persero) Pelabuhan Indonesia I Medan.” Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian korelasional, yaitu menganalisis data dan mencari tingkat hubungan antara variabel yang satu dengan variabel lainnya dengan melakukan pengujian hipotesis dan menggunakan korelasi product moment. Teknik pengumpulan datanya adalah dengan penyebaran kuesioner serta pengumpulan data perpustakaan. Untuk menguji signifikasi digunakan uji Z, kemudian untuk mengetahui besarnya persentase variabel bebas dan variabel terikat digunakan rumus determinasi. Populasi berjumlah 234 orang dan sampelnya sebanyak 58 orang.dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dan positif antara komunikasi pimpinan terhadap peningkatan semangat kerja karyawan di mana dari hasilJurnal Warta Edisi : 51 Januari 2017 | ISSN : 1829 - 7463Universitas Dharmawangsaanalisis data yang diperoleh, didapat dari nilai rxy product Moment yaitu 0,803 dan hipotesis yang diajukan diterima, maka dapat disimpulkan terdapat pengaruh komunikasi pimpinan dalam peningkatan semangat kerja karyawan

Peran Komunikasi Antarpribadi Guru dan Siswa dalam Mencegah Kenakalan Remaja di Siswa SMA Negeri 1 Labuhan Deli

Proses komunikasi terutama komunikasi antara guru dan siswa akan mencapai tingkat efektivitas yang maksimal bila didukung dengan hubungan komunikasi antarpribadi yang baik. Disamping itu juga keefektifan dari komunikasi itu sendiri juga perlu didukung dengan melakukan komunikasi yang baik. Dalam hal ini efektif yang dimaksud ialah mengenai sasaran atau mencapai tujuan sesuai dengan maksud si pembicara. Jadi apabila tujuan untuk mengubah sikap, pendapat dan tingkah laku dapat tercapai maka komunikasi antarpribadi itu dapat dikatakan efektif. Selain komunikasi efektif juga adanya pemahaman yang lebih tentang komunikasi itu sendiri seperti pemahaman guru tentang komunikasi verbal dan nonverbal. Adapun metode yang dilakukan untuk pencapaian tujuan tersebut adalah dengan memberikan wadah serta kegiatan khusus bagi siswa yang bermasalah, agar siswa tidak mengisi kekosongan waktunya untuk melakukan hal-hal yang negatif. Adanya pendekatan hubungan, khususnya bagi siswa yang bermasalah. Sebagai antisipasif hal-hal yang negatif sebelum terjadi masalah yang berdampak besar terhadap era globalisasi. Memperluas jaringan komunikasi dengan orangtua murid, supaya pihak sekolah terutama guru bisa mendapatkan informasi yang akurat Demi mendukungnya motivasi dan mencegah diri setiap siswa dari kenakalan remaja. Penelitian ini lebih menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif

The sensitivity of BAO Dark Energy Constraints to General Isocurvature Perturbations

Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) surveys will be a leading method for addressing the dark energy challenge in the next decade. We explore in detail the effect of allowing for small amplitude admixtures of general isocurvature perturbations in addition to the dominant adiabatic mode. We find that non-adiabatic initial conditions leave the sound speed unchanged but instead excite different harmonics. These harmonics couple differently to Silk damping, altering the form and evolution of acoustic waves in the baryon-photon fluid prior to decoupling. This modifies not only the scale on which the sound waves imprint onto the baryon distribution, which is used as the standard ruler in BAO surveys, but also the shape, width and height of the BAO peak. We discuss these effects in detail and show how more general initial conditions impact our interpretation of cosmological data in dark energy studies. We find that the inclusion of these additional isocurvature modes leads to an increase in the Dark Energy Task Force Figure of merit by 140% and 60% for the BOSS and ADEPT experiments respectively when considered in conjunction with Planck data. We also show that the incorrect assumption of adiabaticity has the potential to bias our estimates of the dark energy parameters by $3\sigma$ ($1\sigma$) for a single correlated isocurvature mode, and up to $8\sigma$ ($3\sigma$) for three correlated isocurvature modes in the case of the BOSS (ADEPT) experiment. We find that the use of the large scale structure data in conjunction with CMB data improves our ability to measure the contributions of different modes to the initial conditions by as much as 100% for certain modes in the fully correlated case.Comment: 20 pages, 17 figure

Profiling of honey bee viruses in Kenyan honey bee colonies

Honey bee population worldwide is dwindling due to a number of interrelated factors among them pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, fungi and metazoan parasites. These factors negatively affect agricultural production as well as the apiculture industry which is dependent on a seasonal abundance of honey bees year-round. As a result, food security and livelihood is compromised due to loss of pollinators. Majority of viruses infecting honey bees are positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses of the order Picornavirales. The economically important viruses of bees in this order belong to family Dicistroviridae and Iflaviridae. Paenibacillus larvae and Melisococcus plutonius are bacteria known to cause bee brood diseases. This studyaimed at identifying the viruses circulating in Kenyan honey bee colonies using next generation sequencing. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) was extracted from sixteen libraries and was used in cDNA synthesis using superscript II. The cDNA converted to dsDNA using Klenow reaction and used in amplification. 454 pyro sequencing was performed on genome sequencer FLX system. The resultant single reads were analyzed using CLC Genomic workbench. The reads were mapped on the full genomes of the identified viruses and then de novo assembled. The resultant contigs were interrogated using basic alignment search tool (BLAST) on national center for biotechnology information (NCBI) database. The contigs were exportedto MEGA6 and used in phylogenetic analysis. The viruses identified belonged to family Iflaviridae and included deformed wing virus, Kakugo virus and Varroa destructor virus-1. Melissococcus plutonius and Enterococcus faecalis were also detected. Of the sixteen libraries sequenced, two libraries; Busia_adult andSiaya_brood reported the incidences of iflaviruses while five libraries had reads matching with M. plutonius and E. faecalis. There is need for a strategy in place for the management of bee diseases to enhance bee health and quality of hive products.Key words: Bee viruses, Paenibacillus larvae, Melissococcus plutonius, Iflavirus, Next generation sequencin

Participatory Evaluation of Pulse Crop Suitability to Mountain and Oasis Zones of Northern Kenya

The biophysical and climatic characteristics of the arable pockets of northern Kenya are different from other arable parts of the country. The mountain and oasis areas of northern Kenya, where crop farming is practiced are characterized by heterogeneity. The suitable pulse crops for these zones are not well understood, which has led to promotion of pulse varieties which are not suitable in mountain and oasis areas of northern Kenya. This study evaluated pulse varieties in these regions. Beans, cowpeas and green grams were tried in mountains, foot slopes and lowlands areas of northern Kenya. The focuses of the study were the crop yields, communities’ preference and gross margins. For yield comparison experimentation, a randomized complete block design was done and data analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). To gauge community preference, pair-wise ranking was used. Gross margins were determined from total inputs and outputs. Results showed that all pulses performed best in irrigated lowland and mountains, with no significant difference between lowlands and mountains. Foot slopes performed poorest across pulses. Beans were highest yielding while green grams were lowest yielding across sites. Cowpeas and green grains were affected severely by sucking pest mainly aphids especially in foot slopes and irrigated lowlands. Across the sites, beans were most popular mostly due to their better marketability, locally and outside. Green grams had the highest gross margins despite having the lowest yield. It is concluded that in areas of lowlands and mountains, all the three pulses are viable crops and should be pursued. Bean pulse is recommended for food security and green grams are recommended for commercialization across the sites