Mamara Soorapanman and Murugan's partner fever in Ulapaguppai

Murugan worship is seen as an ancient form of worship in Tamil land. Ganesha's place in this worship has not continued. The literature also does not give a record about Ganesha worship, so it can be seen that the relationship between Murugan and Ganesha was planned and established. But in the rise of devotional literature, Murugan and Ganesha have been brought to the stage of brotherhood. There is a problem between them because of a single fruit called mango. Murugan gets angry with his parents and goes to Palanimalai to stabilize his existence. According to Puranas, Surapaduman, who was standing as a tree after giving suffering to the gods, fell into two parts and turned one into a roofed peacock and the other into a roofed rooster. Muruga, who had lost the mango to Vinayaka, felled the mango tree itself, for felling Surapaduman who was standing as a mango tree. What is the reason for this? How has Murugan's mental discrimination reacted in this place? This article aims to identify and explain all this in detail

MEASURING LEARNING STYLES AND LEARNING STIMULUS AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

This study examines learning styles and learning stimulus among secondary school students in Malaysia.  A total of 50 students from Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Ungku Aziz, Sabak Bernam in Selangor were interviewed to measure student’s different styles. The adapted version of Dunn and Dunn Learning Styles Inventory were used as in this study.  The findings showed that majority students preferred on grouping learning styles (M=4.07), visual learning styles (M= 3.88), auditory learning styles (M=3.66), individual learning styles (M=3.61) and kinesthetic learning styles (M= 4.07) respectively. Based on the findings, several suggestions have been made to enhance the academic achievement for students. The results of this study provide useful information for teachers and students which are important for the process of learning

Computer-controlled Sophisticated Ultrasonic Cleaner

The significant advantage of ultrasonic cleaning technique is the abilities to clean the delicateand complex shape materials without damaging their surfaces quickly. Ultrasonic cleaners havefound increasing applications in a variety of industries because these offer an environmentallygood alternative to ozone-depleting compounds and hazardous solvents. Also, ultrasonicvibration is one of the methods for chemical synthesis (chemical reaction) and of yieldenhancement of chemical engineering process. Consequently, there is a need to developmultipurpose ultrasonic cleaner/vibrator using computer control, which can be used to set thevarious performance parameter of ultrasonic vibrator such as frequency, duty cycle, continuous/pulsed mode, duration of operation, and thermal profile of tank during the process. An ultrasoniccleaner was developed using an oscillator circuit and the duration of oscillator circuit functioningcan be set through the computer. Computerised ultrasonic cleaner using indigenously madepiezoceramic transducers and their advantages over the conventional ultrasonic cleaners are discussed

Genetic variation of morphological and yield-related traits in backcrossed and selfed population of maize

The number of genes controlling the morphological and yield-related traits and their mode of action plays a vital role in selecting traits and favourable progenies in a segregating population. In this study, we analysed the skewness and kurtosis in the backcrossed and selfed populations of SC11-2×UMI1230β1+. Negative skewness refers to redundant gene activity, positive skewness is connected to complementary gene action. Positive kurtosis suggests the existence of gene activity controlled by a smaller number of genes. Negative kurtosis shows a lack of gene activity and is controlled by a large number of genes. The BC2F2 population of plant height and single plant yield showed positive skewness and platykurtic distribution, suggesting that the genes were governed by complementary gene action and controlled by the large number of genes. This implied need for rigorous selection to achieve a genetic gain in later generations. Cob length and kernel weight showed a duplicate gene action which implied that mild selection can fix these traits and accelerate genetic gain

Comparative Metabolomic Profiling of Horse Gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.) Genotypes for Horse Gram Yellow Mosaic Virus Resistance

Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.) is an under-utilized legume grown in India. It is a good source of protein, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, minerals, and vitamins. We screened 252 horse gram germplasm accessions for horse gram yellow mosaic virus resistance using the percent disease index and scaling techniques. The percentage values of highly resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible, susceptible, and highly susceptible were 0.34, 13.89, 38.89, 46.43, and 0.34, respectively. Repetitive trials confirmed the host-plant resistance levels, and yield loss was assessed. The present disease index ranged from 1.2 to 72.0 and 1.2 to 73.0 during the kharif and rabi seasons of 2018, respectively. The maximum percent yield loss was noticed in the HS (75.0 -89.4), while HR possessed the minimum (1.2-2.0). The methanolic leaf extracts of highly resistant and highly susceptible genotypes with essential controls were subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Differential accumulation of metabolites was noticed, and a total of 81 metabolites representing 26 functional groups were identified. Both highly resistant and susceptible genotypes harbored eight unique classes, while ten biomolecules were common. The hierarchical cluster analysis indicated a distinct metabolite profile. Fold change in the common metabolites revealed an enhanced accumulation of sugars, alkanes, and carboxylic acids in the highly resistant genotype. The principal component analysis plots explained 93.7% of the variation. The metabolite profile showed a significant accumulation of three anti-viral (octadecanoic acid, diphenyl sulfone, and 2-Aminooxazole), one insecticidal (9,10-Secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene-3,24,25-triol), one antifeedant (cucurbitacin B), and six metabolites with unknown biological function in the highly resistant genotype

HPF1 and nucleosomes mediate a dramatic switch in activity of PARP1 from polymerase to hydrolase

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is an important player in the response to DNA damage. Recently, Histone PARylation Factor (HPF1) was shown to be a critical modulator of the activity of PARP1 by facilitating PARylation of histones and redirecting the target amino acid specificity from acidic to serine residues. Here, we investigate the mechanism and specific consequences of HPF1-mediated PARylation using nucleosomes as both activators and substrates for PARP1. HPF1 provides that catalytic base Glu284 to substantially redirect PARylation by PARP1 such that the histones in nucleosomes become the primary recipients of PAR chains. Surprisingly, HPF1 partitions most of the reaction product to free ADP-ribose (ADPR), resulting in much shorter PAR chains compared to reactions in the absence of HPF1. This HPF1-mediated switch from polymerase to hydrolase has important implications for the PARP1-mediated response to DNA damage and raises interesting new questions about the role of intracellular ADPR and depletion of NAD+. </div

Solution structure(s) of trinucleosomes from contrast variation SAXS

Nucleosomes in all eukaryotic cells are organized into higher order structures that facilitate genome compaction. Visualizing these organized structures is an important step in understanding how genomic DNA is efficiently stored yet remains accessible to information-processing machinery. Arrays of linked nucleosomes serve as useful models for understanding how the properties of both DNA and protein partners affect their arrangement. A number of important questions are also associated with understanding how the spacings between nucleosomes are affected by the histone proteins, chromatin remodelers, or other chromatin-associated protein partners. Contrast variation small angle X-ray scattering (CVSAXS) reports the DNA conformation within protein-DNA complexes and here is applied to measure the conformation(s) of trinucleosomes in solution, with specific sensitivity to the distance between and relative orientation of linked nucleosomes. These data are interpreted in conjunction with DNA models that account for its sequence dependent mechanical properties, and Monte-Carlo techniques that generate realistic structures for comparison with measured scattering profiles. In solution, trinucleosomes segregate into two dominant populations, with the flanking nucleosomes stacked or nearly equilaterally separated, e.g. with roughly equal distance between all pairs of nucleosomes. These populations are consistent with previously observed magnesium-dependent structures of trinucleosomes with shorter linkers. &nbsp;</p