Type A interrupted aortic arch with Taussig-Bing anomaly: An unusual indication for staged repair

Complex transposition of great arteries (TGA) is when additional cono-truncal anomalies coexist with a TGA. Notable reasons for staged repair include the need to the need to adapt the left ventricle to the systemic high pressures. We report a case of staged repair of Type A Interrupted aortic arch with Taussig-Bing anomaly in a one month old male. Single stage repair could not be done for this patient because of technical difficulties, positive preoperative blood culture and associated airway problem. Patient had a successful two stage surgery involving an initial extended end-to-end anastomosis, PDA ligation with PA Banding and a delayed arterial switch operation done two months later.KEY WORDS: Interrupted aortic arch, arterial switch operation, Taussig-Bing Anomaly, Transposition of Great arteries

Compressive shock resulting from gastric distension after arterial switch operation: a case report

Compressive shock is an important cause of reversible cardiovascular compromise. Abdominal causes of compressive shock have been known to be difficult to diagnose. We report our experience in the management of compressive shock resulting from gastric distension. We consider gastric distension to be an unusual cause of compressive shock. Immediate relief of intra-abdominal tension is key in the management

Review on Carbon Dioxide Utilization for Cycloaddition of Epoxides by Ionic Liquid-Modified Hybrid Catalysts: Effect of Influential Parameters and Mechanisms Insight

The storage, utilization, and control of the greenhouse (CO2) gas is a topic of interest for researchers in academia and society. The present review article is dedicating to cover the overall role of ionic liquid-modified hybrid materials in cycloaddition reactions. Special emphasis is on the synthesis of various cyclic carbonate using ionic liquid-based modified catalysts. Catalytic activity studies have discussed with respect to process conditions and their effects on conversion and product selectivity for the reaction of cycloaddition of CO2 with styrene oxide. The reaction temperature and the partial pressure of CO2 have found to play a key role in cyclic carbonate formation. The role of other influential parameter (solvent effect) is also discussed for the conversion of cyclic/aromatic oxides to polycarbonate production. Our own research work that deals with ionic liquid-based halide-modified mesoporous catalyst (MCM-41 type) derived from rice husk waste has also been discussed. Finally, the role of carbon dioxide activation and ring-opening mechanisms involved in the cyclic carbonate product formation from CO2 have been discussed

Correction: Brugia malayi Asparaginyl-tRNA Synthetase Stimulates Endothelial Cell Proliferation, Vasodilation and Angiogenesis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146132.]

Brugia malayi Asparaginyl-tRNA Synthetase Stimulates Endothelial Cell Proliferation, Vasodilation and Angiogenesis.

A hallmark of chronic infection with lymphatic filarial parasites is the development of lymphatic disease which often results in permanent vasodilation and lymphedema, but all of the mechanisms by which filarial parasites induce pathology are not known. Prior work showed that the asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase (BmAsnRS) of Brugia malayi, an etiological agent of lymphatic filariasis, acts as a physiocrine that binds specifically to interleukin-8 (IL-8) chemokine receptors. Endothelial cells are one of the many cell types that express IL-8 receptors. IL-8 also has been reported previously to induce angiogenesis and vasodilation, however, the effect of BmAsnRS on endothelial cells has not been reported. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that BmAsnRS might produce physiological changes in endothelial by studying the in vitro effects of BmAsnRS using a human umbilical vein cell line EA.hy926 and six different endothelial cell assays. Our results demonstrated that BmAsnRS produces consistent and statistically significant effects on endothelial cells that are identical to the effects of VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor. This study supports the idea that new drugs or immunotherapies that counteract the adverse effects of parasite-derived physiocrines may prevent or ameliorate the vascular pathology observed in patients with lymphatic filariasis

The effect of rBmAsnRS and VEGF in endothelial ring formation.

<p>Fig 4A. Photomicrographs show the morphology of endothelial rings (arrows) formed by EA.hy926 cells in response to stimulation with 10 ng/ml rBmAsnRS and 10 ng/ml VEGF. Fig 4B. Graphical representation of the induction of endothelial rings in response to rBmAsnRS and VEGF. Data are means ± SEM. The percentage of cells forming endothelial rings in 10 ng/ml rBmAsnRS and 10 ng/ml VEGF were similar and both were significantly greater than the PBS control. Asterisk (*) denotes p<0.0001.</p

The effect of rBmAsnRS and VEGF on EA.hy926 cell migration was determined in Boyden chamber experiments.

<p>Data are presented as means ± SEM. The number of cells migrated in response to 1 ng/ml rBmAsnRS was 14, and 10 ng/ml rBmAsnRS caused the greatest migration (72.75) similar to 10 ng/ml VEGF. Asterisk (*) denotes significant differences (p<0.0001) for negative control vs 10 ng/ml rBmAsnRS and VEGF.</p

The effect of rBmAsnRS and VEGF on vasodilation of capillary blood vessels.

<p>Fig 7A. Images represent the change in capillary width induced by 10 ng/ml rBmAsnRS and 10 ng/ml VEGF. Images were captured after 20 minutes observation and are representative of 3 sets of experiments. Fig 7B. Graphical representation of changes in vessel width induced by rBmAsnRS and VEGF. Data are presented as means ± SEM. rBmAsnRS and VEGF treated blood vessels were both significantly dilated compared to controls. Asterisk (*) indicates statistically significant difference between control vs rBmAsnRS or VEGF (p < 0.005.).</p

The effect of rBmAsnRS and VEGF <i>in ex vivo</i> angiogenesis.

<p>Fig 6A. Photomicrographs denote areas with angiogenesis induced by 10 ng/ml rBmAsnRS and 10 ng/ml VEGF. Angiogenesis was induced by placing sterile paper discs containing rBmAsnRS, VEGF or negative control (PBS) on the egg yolk vascular bed for 30 min, then incubated for another 24 hours. Images are representative of five different experiments. Fig 6B. Graphical representation of the fold increase in vessel length induced by 10 ng/ml rBmAsnRS and 10 ng/ml VEGF. Data are presented as means ± SEM of five experiments. The fold increase in length of blood vessel in 10 ng/ml rBmAsnRS and 10 ng/ml VEGF were significantly greater than negative controls. Asterisk (*) denotes statistically significant difference (p<0.005).</p